Ubuhlungu Bomzimba Obufana Nomkhuhlane Ekhulelweni Kwangasekuqaleni: Izimbangela Nokwelashwa

Ngesikhathi sokuqala sokukhulelwa, abesifazane abaningi babhekana nezinhlobonhlobo zezimpawu njengoba imizimba yabo ijwayelana nezinguquko zamahomoni. Esinye isimpawu esingaziwa kakhulu kodwa esivamile ubuhlungu bomzimba obufana nomkhuhlane. Lobu buhlungu bungadala ukungakhululeki nokudideka, ngoba bufana kakhulu nezimpawu zomkhuhlane ojwayelekile. Ukuqonda ukuthi yini edala ubuhlungu bomzimba obufana nomkhuhlane ekuqaleni kokukhulelwa nokuthi bungalawulwa kanjani kungasiza ukunciphisa ukukhathazeka.

Ukuqala kobuhlungu bomzimba obufana nomkhuhlane njengama-izimpawu zokuqala zokukhulelwa kuvame ukuhlotshaniswa nokuguquguquka kwamahomoni. Njengoba umzimba uqala ukukhiqiza amazinga aphezulu e-progesterone ne-estrogen, lokho kungaholela ebuhlungwini bemisipha, izinhlungu zamalunga, nokukhathala okuphelele. Uhlelo lokuzivikela emzimbeni luyaphinde lwehlise izivikelo zalo kancane ukuze luvikele umntwana okhula, okwenza umzimba ube sengozini yokuzizwa ubuhlungu obufana nezimpawu zomkhuhlane.

Yize lezi zimpawu ezifana nomkhuhlane ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa zivamile, ngezinye izikhathi zingadidaniswa nesifo sangempela. Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi yize izimpawu zomkhuhlane nezokukhulelwa zingafanana, njengokukhathala nobuhlungu bemisipha, umkhuhlane wangempela ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa uvela nezinye izimpawu ezengeziwe, njengomkhuhlane ophezulu nezinkinga zokuphefumula. [1].

Ukubona umehluko phakathi kwezimpawu zokukhulelwa nezimpawu zomkhuhlane

Izimpawu zomkhuhlane ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa zingakhathaza, ikakhulukazi uma zihambisana nomkhuhlane (fever), ukwethuka (chills), noma ukukhwehlela okungapheli. Nokho, izimpawu ezifana nomkhuhlane ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa zivame ukuba zehluke kumkhuhlane ojwayelekile. Ngokwesibonelo, ngesikhathi se-trimester yokuqala, abesifazane abaningi bazizwa bekhathele kakhulu futhi bebuhlungu emzimbeni, kodwa bengabi nomkhuhlane noma izinkinga zokuphefumula ezivame ukuhambisana nomkhuhlane.

Uma uzwa izinhlungu zomzimba ezifana nomkhuhlane ekuqaleni kokukhulelwa ngaphandle komkhuhlane (fever), kungenzeka ukuthi kuwukusabela komzimba ekukhulelweni uqobo. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, uma izimpawu zihambisana nomkhuhlane ophezulu noma ubunzima bokuphefumula, kubalulekile kakhulu ukufuna usizo lodokotela, ngoba umkhuhlane wangempela ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa ungaba nezingozi kumama nasengane. Ukutheleleka ngegciwane le-influenza kuhlotshaniswa nokwanda kwengozi yokubeletha ingane ifile, okwenza kube kubaluleke kakhulu ukubonana nodokotela uma uhlangabezana nanoma yiziphi izimpawu. [2].

Izimpawu ezifana nomkhuhlane ekukhulelweni nge-trimester yokuqala

Ekhathimesitheni yokuqala, izimpawu zokukhulelwa ezifana nomkhuhlane zingazibonakalisa njengokungaphatheki kahle umzimba, okufana nalokho umuntu angakuzwa ngokuba nomkhuhlane omnene. Lezi zimpawu zingabandakanya izinhlungu zomzimba, ukukhathala, izinhloko, ngisho nokuthuthumela okuncane. Ezinye abesifazane babika ukuthi bazizwa sengathi "seziqala ukugula" kuyilapho empeleni lezi zimpawu ziyingxenye nje yokukhulelwa kwasekuqaleni.

Izimpawu ezifana nomkhuhlane ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa zikhathaza kakhulu ikakhulukazi ngekhatimesitha yokuqala ngoba umzimba ulungiselela izinguquko ezisheshayo. Uhlelo lokuzivikela komzimba lucindezelwa ngokwemvelo ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, okungenza abesifazane bazizwe bebuthaka kakhulu ezimeni zokugula, ngisho noma bengaguli.

Indlela yokuphatha izinhlungu zomzimba ezifana nomkhuhlane

Ukubhekana nezinhlungu zomzimba ezifana nomkhuhlane ekuqaleni kokukhulelwa kungaba ukungakhululeki, kodwa kukhona izindlela zokuphatha lezi zimpawu. Ukugcina umzimba unamanzi ngokwanele kubalulekile, ngoba ukuhlala unenani elanele lamanzi kusiza ukukhulula imivimbo nemisipha ebuhlungu. Ukuzivocavoca njalo kodwa ngobumnene, njengokuhamba noma i-prenatal yoga, kungasiza ukugcina imisipha ikhululekile futhi kunciphise ukungakhululeki.

Ukuphumula kubalulekile ngokulinganayo. Njengoba izimpawu zokukhulelwa ezifana nomkhuhlane zekhatimesitha yokuqala zivame ukufaka ukukhathala, ukunikeza umzimba wakho isikhathi sokuphumula nokubuyisa amandla kungasiza ukunciphisa izinhlungu. Ukubhukuda emanzini afudumele kanye namaphadi okufudumeza abekwe emisipheni ebuhlungu kungabuye kunikeze ukukhululeka. Nokho, kubalulekile ukugwema ukuthatha imithi enjenge-ibuprofen noma i-aspirin ngaphandle kokubonisana nochwepheshe wezempilo, njengoba eminye imithi ethengwa ngaphandle kadokotela ingase ingabi ephephile ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa [3].

Nini okufanele ubone udokotela

Izimpawu zomkhuhlane ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa zivamile, kodwa kukhona izimpawu eziyizexwayiso okumele zikukhuthaze ukuthi uvakashele umhlinzeki wakho wezempilo.

• Uma izimpawu zakho zokuba nomkhuhlane ngesikhathi ukhulelwe zihlanganisa umkhuhlane ophezulu, ukuba nobunzima bokuphefumula, noma izinhlungu ezinzima ezingathuthukiseki ngisho nangokuphumula, kufanele uxhumane nodokotela wakho.
• Umkhuhlane wangempela ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa ungabeka ingozi, okuhlanganisa izinkinga zokuphefumula nokubeletha ngaphambi kwesikhathi, ngakho kubalulekile ukwehlukanisa phakathi kwezimpawu zokukhulelwa nesifo sangempela. [4].
• Uma uhlangabezana nezimpawu zomkhuhlane ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa ezihambisana nobuhlungu obungajwayelekile noma ukopha, lokho kungase kubonise ezinye izinkinga ezingahlobene nomkhuhlane, njengezifo ezithathelwanayo noma izingqinamba zokukhulelwa. Ngaso sonke isikhathi khetha ukuphepha ucele iseluleko sezokwelashwa uma kukhona okuzwa kungahambi kahle.

Imicabango Yokugcina

Ubuhlungu bomzimba obufana neflu ekuqaleni kokukhulelwa buvame ukuba impendulo ejwayelekile ezinguqukweni ezinkulu zama-hormone nasekushintsheni kohlelo lokuzivikela emzimbeni wakho. Nakuba la mahlaba engase afane nezimpawu ezinjengezeflu, ngokuvamile awuyona inkinga enkulu. Kodwa-ke, kubalulekile ukuqapha izimpawu zakho eduze, ikakhulukazi uma usola ukuthi uneflu ngesikhathi ukhulelwe. Ukuhlala unolwazi ngokuthi yini ejwayelekile ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa nokuthi yini edinga ukunakwa kodokotela kuqinisekisa ukuthi uyakwazi ukulawula izimpawu zakho kahle futhi ugcine nina nobaba nisephephile.

Uma uqaphela umehluko phakathi kwezimpawu ezifana neflu nezimpawu zeflu yangempela, ukungakhululeki ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa kungalawulwa kalula nangokunakekela.

 Imithombo

1. American Pregnancy Association. Iflu Ngesikhathi Sokukhulelwa (https://americanpregnancy.org/healthy-pregnancy/pregnancy-health-wellness/flu-during-pregnancy/). Kufinyelelwe ngo-09/26/2024
2. Wang R, Yan W, Du M, Tao L, Liu J. Umthelela wokutheleleka ngegciwane le-influenza emiphumeleni yokukhulelwa: ukubuyekezwa okuhlelekile nokuhlaziywa okuhlanganisayo kwezifundo zamaqembu. Int J Infect Dis. 2021 Apr;105:567-578. doi:10.1016/j.ijid.2021.02.095. Epub 2021 Feb 27. PMID: 33647509.
3. National Institutes of Health Office of Research on Women’s Health. Abesifazane Abakhulelwe & I-influenza (iflu) (https://orwh.od.nih.gov/research/maternal-morbidity-and-mortality/information-for-women/pregnant-women-influenza-flu). Kufinyelelwe ngo-09/26/2024
4. Mertz D, Geraci J, Winkup J, Gessner BD, Ortiz JR, Loeb M. Ukukhulelwa njengento eyandisa ingozi yemiphumela emibi kakhulu ngenxa yokutheleleka ngegciwane le-influenza: ukubuyekezwa okuhlelekile nokuhlaziywa okuhlanganisayo kwezifundo zokubuka. Vaccine. 2017 Jan 23;35(4):521-528. doi:10.1016/j.vaccine.2016.12.012. Epub 2016 Dec 23. PMID: 28024955; PMCID: PMC5359513.