I-Plan B Yemvelo: Izindlela Ezivikelekile Zokuhlela Umndeni
Akuwona wonke umuntu othanda izindlela zokuvimbela inzalo ezisebenzisa ama-hormone nezokwenziwa. Futhi yingakho abantu abaningi befuna izindlela zemvelo zokukwenza lokhu. Igama elithi natural Plan B livame ukubhekisela ezindleleni zemvelo zokugwema ukukhulelwa emva kocansi olungavikelekile, noma, ngokujwayelekile, ezindleleni zemvelo zokulawulwa kokuzala. Le mikhuba incike ekulandeleni nasekuqondeni umjikelezo wokuzala kowesifazane, kanye nemikhuba yokuphila esiza ekutheni umuntu avimbele kanjani ukukhulelwa ngaphandle kwezindlela zokulawulwa lokuzala.
Kulesi sihloko, sizohlola izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene zezindlela zokucwangcisa umndeni zemvelo, kuhlanganise nendlela ye-rhythm, ukwazisa ngobuchule bokuzala, nezinye izindlela zokuzithiba usebenzisa imifino (herbal birth control). Lezi zindlela zisetshenziswa yilabo abakhetha izindlela zemvelo zokuvimbela ukukhulelwa kunezindlela zokuthiba ezivamile.
Iyini Indlela Yokucwangcisa Umndeni Yemvelo?
Ukucwangcisa umndeni kwemvelo (NFP) kubhekisela ebangeni lezindlela ezisetshenziselwa ukulandelela umjikelezo wokuya esikhathini kowesifazane ukuze kunqunywe izikhathi zokuvundelana nezokungavundeli. Ngokubheka izinkomba ezihlobene nokuzala ezihlukahlukene, njengamazinga okushisa komzimba okuphansi (basal body temperature), ubovu (cervical mucus), nobude bomjikelezo wokuya esikhathini, abantu bangagwema noma bahlele ukukhulelwa ngendlela yemvelo. Ukulawulwa kokuzala kwe-NFP kuncike kakhulu ekuzibophezeleni komsebenzisi nokuqonda kwakhe umzimba wakhe. [1].
Inani labesifazane seliqale muva nje ukuthembela ekulawuleni ukuzala kwe-NFP, yize linamazinga okwehluleka angu-24%. [2]Nokho, abesifazane bavumile ukuthi izindlela zemvelo zilungele ikhefu phakathi kwezingane noma ukubambezela ukukhulelwa ngaphandle kokulimaza umzimba wakho ngamachemical noma udlule ekuguqukeni kwama-hormone.
Enye yezinto ezikhanga kakhulu ku-NFP ukuthi ayibandakanyi ama-hormone noma amadivayisi omzimba. Ngakho-ke, abesifazane abafuna inketho efanele kwezokuzithiba zemvelo bangazizama lezi zindlela ukuze bagcine konke kungokwemvelo. Uma yenziwa ngendlela efanele, amasu okucwangcisa umndeni emvelo (NFP) angasebenza kahle kakhulu, kodwa adinga ukunemba nokuzimisela. [3].
Indlela ye-Rhythm Isebenza Kanjani?
Indlela ye-rhythm yokulawulwa kokuzala, eyaziwa nangokuthi indlela ye-rhythm yokwazisa ngobuchule bokuzala, ingenye yezindlela ezindala kakhulu zokuzithiba zemvelo. Isekelwe ekulandeleni umjikelezo wokuya esikhathini ukuze kubikezelwe isikhathi sokuvuthwa kweqanda, isikhathi lapho owesifazane enamandla kakhulu okukhulelwa. Ngokuzila ucansi noma ngokusebenzisa izindlela zokuvimba (ezifana nama-condom) phakathi nesikhathi sokuvundelana, umuntu angagwema ukukhulelwa.
Indlela ye-rhythm yokuvikela inzalo ihlanganisa ukuqopha ubude bomjikelezo izinyanga eziningana ukuze kubikezelwe imijikelezo ezayo. Icabanga ukuthi ukuvuthwa kwamaqanda kwenzeka cishe izinsuku eziyi-14 ngaphambi kokuqala kokuya esikhathini okulandelayo. Kodwa-ke, le ndlela ingaba engeke ithembeke kakhulu kwabesifazane abanezindlela zokuzala ezingajwayelekile, okwenza ezinye izinhlobo zokwazisa ngokuzala zisebenze kangcono [4].
Indlela Yokuqaphela Ukuzala
Indlela yokuqaphela ukuzala (i-FAM) ithatha indlela ye-rhythm iye ezingeni elilandelayo ngokubheka ezinye izimpawu zokuzala, njengoketshezi lombungu (cervical mucus) nokushisa komzimba okuyisisekelo. Lezi zinkomba zinikeza imininingwane enembile kakhulu ngesikhathi kuvuthwa amaqanda, okwenza i-FAM ibe enye yezindlela zemvelo ezisebenza kakhulu zokuvikela inzalo uma yenziwa ngendlela efanele.
Abesifazane abaningi, ikakhulukazi labo abathakazelayo ku-Modern Fertility, basebenzisa ishadi lokuhlela umndeni lemvelo ukulandelela lezi zimpawu. Leli shadi lisiza ukubikezela isikhathi sokuzala ngokunembile kakhulu, okuvumela izinqumo ezinolwazi eziphathelene nokwabelana ngesondo. Uma kuhlanganiswa nendlela yekhalenda yokuvikela inzalo, equkethe ukubala izinsuku zomjikelezo, i-FAM ingaba yindlela esebenzayo yokugwema ukukhulelwa ngendlela yemvelo [5].
Izindlela Zemvelo Zokuvikela Ukukhulelwa Nezinketho Zemithi Yesintu
Sekuyamakhulu eminyaka abantu befuna izindlela zemvelo zokuvikela ukukhulelwa noma ezinye izindlela zokulawula ukuzala zemithi yesintu. Nakuba kukhona izimangalo ezahlukene zokuthi ezinye imithi nezitshalo bezisetshenziswa emlandweni ukuvimbela ukukhulelwa, kubalulekile ukuba uqaphele. Ngokungafani nemithi yesimanje yokuvimbela inzalo, imithi yesintu ingase ingabi nolwazi locwaningo lwesayensi olunzulu oluqinisekisa ukusebenza nokuphepha kwayo. Kodwa-ke, kube khona izibalo zocwaningo emhlabeni jikelele ezenziwa kwabesifazane abasebenzisa lezi zindlela. Futhi iningi labesifazane livumile ukuthi ziyasebenza kahle kakhulu iningi lesikhathi [6].
Izinketho Zemithi Yesintu Yokuvimbela Inzalo
- Queen Anne’s Lace (Imbewu ye\-Wild Carrot): Ngokwesiko eNdiya, le mithi kukholakala ukuthi ivimbela ukunamathiselwa kombungu uma iphuza izinsuku eziyisikhombisa ngemva kobulili. Izakhi zayo ezisebenzayo, okuhlanganisa ama\-terpenoids, zingase ziphazamise ukunamathiselwa kombungu esibelethweni.
- Neem: Uwoyela we\-Neem ukhombise amandla okubulala isidoda kwezinye izifundo. Ukusebenzisa lo woyela esithweni sangasese sowesifazane kungavimbela ukuchumiseka nokunamathiselwa kwembryo, kodwa kubalulekile ukuwusebenzisa ngokucophelela, ngoba ukusebenzisa ngokweqile kungadala ukucasuka.
- Smartweed: Le mithi iqukethe izakhi ezifana ne\-rutin, ezicatshangwa ukuthi zenza kube nzima ukuthi isidoda neqanda zifakwe esibelethweni. Ivamise ukuphuza njenge\-tiye kodwa kufanele kusetshenziswe ngokucophelela ngenxa yokushoda kwezifundo ezenziwe kubantu.
Imithi Yesintu Yokukhuthaza Ukuy’ Esikhathini (Emmenagogues)
- Impande Ye\-Ginger: Lena imithi evame ukusetshenziswa ukukhuthaza ukuqala kokuya esikhathini, ngokwesiko isetshenziswa ukuletha isikhathi sokuya esikhathini, okungasiza ukuvimbela ukukhulelwa uma ithathwa ngokushesha ngemva kobulili. Imvamisa iphuza njenge\-tiye kodwa kudingeka ithathwe nsuku zonke isikhathi sezinsuku ezimbalwa.
- Vitamin C: Imithamo emikhulu ye\-vitamin C ingasetshenziswa futhi ukukhuthaza ukuba kuqale ukuya esikhathini, nakuba imiphumela engemihle ingabandakanya izinkinga zokugaya ukudla. Ezinye izifazane ziye zakwazi ukubambezela ukukhulelwa ngokusebenzisa imithamo emikhulu ye\-vitamin C.
Izingozi Nezinto Okufanele Kucatshangelwe
- Ukusebenza Kahle: Imithi eminingi yesintu esetshenziswa ukuvimbela inzalo ayikakashodlwahlelwa kahle ocwaningweni oluqondene nabantu, futhi ukusebenza kwayo kungaba phansi uma kuqhathaniswa nezindlela zesimanje zokuvimbela inzalo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, noma yini “yemvelo” ngokuvamile ayinazo izifundo zezokwelapha ezenziwe ngendlela egcwele.
- Imiphumela Emibi: Yize ukusebenza kwazo kungase kube sengcupheni, ukuphepha akusho ukuthi kuqinisekile. Imithi yesintu inemiphumela emibi engavame ukubonakala ngoba kusetshenziswa into “yemvelo”. Izinguquko zama\-homoni ezidalwa yilezi zindlela zingakubangela isicanucanu, ukwehla komfutho wegazi, noma ukucasuka kwezinso uma zisetshenziswa ngendlela engalungile. Kodwa ngezikhathi eziningi azinawo umphumela omubi. Kodwa khumbula ukuthi ezinye zalezi zinto zingase zixhumane nemithi oyinikiwe esibhedlela, ngakho ukuholwa uchwepheshe kubalulekile.
Nakana ukuthi yize izindlela zemvelo zokuhlela umndeni nemithi yesintu zinikeza enye indlela kwezemithi yama\-homoni, ziza nezinga elihlukahlukene lobungozi nokusebenza kahle. Ukuze uhlele umndeni ngendlela ethembekile, kubalulekile ukuxoxa ngezindlela nodokotela noma umeluleki wezempilo ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuphepha nokusebenza kahle.
Ngingayivimbela Kanjani Imithwalo Ngokwemvelo?
Ukuze uqonde ukugwema ukukhulelwa ngendlela yemvelo, udinga ukujwayelana namasu ambalwa asebenzayo:
- Ukulandela Ukukhishwa Kweqanda: Ukuqonda umjikelezo wakho wokukhishwa kweqanda ngokwazi ukuzala kubalulekile ekuzivikeleni kwemvelo. Ukwazi ukuthi uzala kakhulu nini phakathi nomjikelezo wakho kungakusiza ugweme ukukhulelwa.
- Izinga Lokushisa Lomzimba Elisisekelo: Izinga lokushisa komzimba wakho lenyuka kancane ngemva kokukhishwa kweqanda. Uma ukwazi ukulandelela izinga lokushisa lakho eliyisisekelo, ungakwazi ukuqhagamshela ngokushesha isikhathi ozala ngaso.
- Ukuqapha Uketshezi Lomlomo Wesibeletho: Ngaphambi nangaphakathi kwesikhathi sokukhishwa kweqanda, uketshezi lomlomo wesibeletho lucaca futhi lweluleke, okubonisa ukuthi uyazala. Uma unokuphuma okumsulwa okumhlophe okunjalo, gwema ukwenza ucansi izinsuku ezimbalwa.
- Indlela Yekhalenda: Gcina umlando wobude bomjikelezo wakho izinyanga eziningana. Lokhu kuzokwenza ube uchwepheshe ekulinganiseni izinsuku zakho ozala ngazo.
- Indlela Yokukhipha Ilungu Lobudoda: Ayithembekile ngokuphelele, kodwa amadoda amaningi athemba isu lawo lokukhipha ngaphambi kokuchama. Ukukhipha ilungu lobudoda ngaphambi kokuchama kuvame ukusetshenziswa njengesengezo kwezinye izindlela zemvelo.
Ukusebenzisa inhlanganisela yalezi zindlela kunikeza ukunemba okukhulu ekutheni ugweme kanjani ukukhulelwa ngaphandle kokusebenzisa imishanguzo yokuvikela inzalo. Nokho, ukuzala kwakho kuncike kakhulu ebudaleni bakho. Iseluleko esingcono kakhulu wukubuza udokotela wakho ngezikhetho zakho.
Ukulawulwa Kwezokuzala Okuphuthumayo Ngokwemvelo
Umqondo wendlela yemvelo yokuvikela inzalo ephuthumayo uvela kaningi, kodwa kunobufakazi obulinganiselwe obusekela ezinye izindlela zemvelo ezimele ama-hormone okwelapha okuvimbela inzalo ephuthumayo njengokuthi i-Plan B. Abanye besifazane bangase babheke imithi yemvelo yokuvikela inzalo ngemva kocansi olungavikelekile, kodwa lezi zinketho zivame ukungathembeki futhi zingabeka impilo engcupheni. Hlala uthintana nochwepheshe bezempilo uma udinga ukuqondiswa ngemva kocansi olungavikelekile.
Imikhawulo Nokucatshangelwa
Yize izinhlobo zemvelo zokuvikela inzalo zingase zisebenze, azikho ngaphandle kwemikhawulo. Abesifazane abanemijikelezo engajwayelekile noma abanezimo ezithile zempilo bangase bathole kunzima ukulandelela ukuzala kwabo ngokunembile. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izinto ezifana nengcindezi, ukugula, nemithi zingathinta ukukhishwa kweqanda, okwenza izindlela zemvelo zokuvikela inzalo zingabi nakuqaguleka kalula.
Siphinde sashilo ngaphambilini ukuthi ukungabikho kobufakazi nakho kuyisithiyo esimweni sezindlela zokuvikela inzalo ze-NFP. Abesifazane bathemba izindlela zokuvikela inzalo zokwenziwa ngoba zinethembeka okukhulu.
Uma uke waba nobulili ongabelekile futhi ufisa isixazululo esiphuthumayo, khumbula ukuthi izindlela zemvelo zokuvimbela inzalo zingase zingakunikezi impendulo esheshayo nethembekile njengendlela yokuvimbela ukukhulelwa okuphuthumayo enama-hormone. Ngakho, qiniseka ukuthi uyazicabangela kahle imikhawulo ye-NFP futhi uhlale uxhumana nodokotela wakho uma uqaphela izimpawu zokuqala zokukhulelwa.
I-NFP Yokuvimbela Inzalo: Izinzuzo Nezinselelo
Kubabhangqabane abafuna ukugwema izindlela ezisebenzisa ama-hormone noma izithiyo, i-NFP yokuvimbela inzalo inikeza enye indlela engekho namahormone futhi engenazo imiphumela emibi. Imibhangqwana ephila ngendlela yokuhlela umndeni yemvelo ye-NFP ivame ukuthola ukuthi iyakhula ekuqondeni impilo yokuzala, okukhuthaza ukuxhumana okukhulu mayelana nokuzala nokuhlela umndeni.
Nokho, izindlela zemvelo zokuvala ukukhulelwa ziza nezinselelo. I-NFP idinga ukuzibophezela okuqinile ekulandeleleni izimpawu zokuzala, kanti amazinga okwehluleka angase abe phezulu kunalawo ahlotshaniswa namakhambi ane-hormone. Kulabo abanezikhathi ezingajwayelekile, ukusebenzisa indlela ye-rhythm kuphela yokuvimbela inzalo kungaholela ebuningini obuphezulu bokukhulelwa okungahleliwe.
Isiphetho: Ukuhlola Izindlela Zemvelo Zokuvimbela Ukukhulelwa
Kulabo abanentshisekelo ezindleleni zemvelo zokuvimbela inzalo, izindlela ezifana nokuqapha isikhathi sokuzala, indlela ye-rhythm yokuvimbela inzalo, nezinye izindlela zokuhlela umndeni zemvelo zinganikeza ezinye izindlela ezingasetshenziswa esikhundleni samakhambi ane-hormone. Nokho, lezi zindlela zidinga ukulandelela ngokucophelela, ukuzibamba, nokuqonda imijikelezo eyingqayizivele yomzimba wakho.
Noma ngabe uhlola izindlela zemvelo zokuvimbela ukukhulelwa ngenxa yezizathu zezempilo, izintandokazi zakho siqu, noma indlela yokuphila, kubalulekile ukukala izinzuzo nobubi bendlela ngayinye. Khuluma nodokotela wezempilo ukuze unqume ukuthi iyiphi indlela ekufanele kakhulu, ikakhla uma ucabangela ukusebenzisa imithi yesintu yokuvimbela inzalo noma ufuna enye indlela ethembeke kakhulu yokuvimbela ukukhulelwa okuphuthumayo ngendlela yemvelo.
Abanye abantu baphinde bahlolisise izindlela zemvelo ze-Plan B, ezibhekisela ezitshalweni noma ezindleleni zokuhlela isikhathi ezisetshenziswa njengokwelashwa okuphuthumayo kokuvimbela ukukhulelwa ngaphandle kwama-hormone enziwayo.
Ekugcineni, okubalulekile ekuphumeleleni kokuhlela umndeni ngendlela yemvelo wukufunda, ukuhambisana njalo nalokho okufundayo, nokuqonda kahle umjikelezo wakho wokuya esikhathini. Ngokuhlanganisa lezi zimiso, ungakwazi ukwenza izinqumo ezinolwazi mayelana nempilo yakho yokuzala.
Imithombo
- https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK546661/
- https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3638209/
- https://www.aafp.org/pubs/afp/issues/2012/1115/od1.html
- https://www.mayoclinic.org/tests-procedures/rhythm-method/about/pac-20390918
- https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19264938/
- https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/public-health/articles/10.3389/fpubh.2017.00042/full









