Ingabe ikhanda elibuhlungu uphawu lokukhulelwa?

Izimpawu zokuqala zokukhulelwa zishiya izifazane eziningi zikhathazekile. Siyaqonda ukuthi zingavela zingalindelekile futhi masinyane emzimbeni wakho. Iningi lenu liyazibuza, “Inhloko ebuhlungu inguphawu lokukhulelwa na?”. Ingaba njalo, kodwa hhayi ngaso sonke isikhathi. Izinhloko ezibuhlungu zivamile kakhulu kwabesifazane abakhulelwe, ikakhulukazi ezigabeni zokuqala. Ukuvama kwazo ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa kuphezulu kuze kufike ku-35% [1]. Ngakho-ke, kungase kube uphawu uma uke wazama ukukhulelwa. Nokho, izinhloko ezibuhlungu zingaguquka zibe yimiqolo emibi (migraines) uma ungazi imbangela yangempela. Ake siqonde ukuthi kungani lezi zinhloko ezibuhlungu zenzeka ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa nokuthi kufanele wenzeni ngazo.  

Izinhloko ezibuhlungu ngesikhathi sokuqala sokukhulelwa zivamile. Imvamisa zivuswa ukushintsha okusheshayo kwamahomoni emzimbeni emva kokukhulelwa. Noma yisiphi isinguquko esinamandla samahomoni singaba uphawu lokukhulelwa kokuqala. Ngakho-ke uma uzibuza, ‘ingabe ikhanda ebuhlungu isibonakaliso sokukhulelwa,’ impela iyisinye uma ibangelwa amahomoni, ikakhulukazi i-progesterone.

Izinga eliphezulu le-progesterone libalulekile ekugcineni ukukhulelwa. Nokho, lingabangela nemithambo yegazi ukuthi ivuleke (idilate). Lokhu kuvuleka kwemithambo (vasodilation) yikho okubangela lezi zinhloko ezibuhlungu, ziqale zibemnene ziye ezingathi sína ezifana nemiqolo emibi [2].

Inhloko Ebuhlungu Inguphawu Lokukhulelwa Kokuqala Na?

Inhloko ebuhlungu inguphawu lokukhulelwa na? Yebo, kodwa ayiqinisekisi ukukhulelwa yodwa. Udinga ukubheka nezinye izimpawu zokukhulelwa. Ukuba nezimpawu eziningi ngesikhathi uzama ukukhulelwa yikhona okwenza uthathe ikhanda ebuhlungu njengophawu lokukhulelwa kokuqala. Abesifazane bavame ukuba nenhloko ebuhlungu kanye nesicanucanu, ukukhathala, nobuhlungu kwamabele. Ndawonye, lezi zimpawu zingakhombisa ukukhulelwa kokuqala.

Abesifazane abaningi babika izinhloko ezibuhlungu njengophawu lokukhulelwa kokuqala. Ukushintsha kwamahomoni phakathi kweziinyanga zokuqala (first trimester) kwenza izinhloko ezibuhlungu zibe uphawu oluvamile. Uma uke wazibuza, ‘ingabe izinhloko ezibuhlungu izimpawu zokukhulelwa,’ lokhu kungaba impendulo yomzimba wakho esimeni esisha samahomoni.

Abesifazane abaningi baye bathi into yokuqala abayizwayo kwaba yinhloko ebuhlungu njengophawu lokukhulelwa. U-5% wabesifazane abakhulelwe babika ngisho nemiqolo emibi esindayo ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa [3]. Ukuxhumana phakathi kokushintsha kwamahomoni nezinhloko ezibuhlungu yikho okwenza lokhu kuvamile ezinsukwini zokuqala zokukhulelwa. Nokho, kubalulekile ukubheka ezinye izimbangela ezingaba khona ngaphambi kokuthi umemezele ikhanda ebuhlungu njengophawu lokukhulelwa kokuqala.

Yini Ebanga Izinhloko Ezibuhlungu Ngesikhathi Sokukhulelwa?

Izinhloko ezibuhlungu zingavela ngezizathu ezihlukene ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa. Imbangela eyinhloko ukushintsha kwamahomoni. Nokho, izinto ezifana nokwanda kwegazi emzimbeni, ukushintsha kokujikeleza kwegazi, nokoma komzimba (dehydration) nazo zifaka isandla ezinhloko ezibuhlungu ekukhulelweni kokuqala.

Ukoma komzimba kungesinye sezizathu ezivamile zenhloko ebuhlungu njengophawu lokukhulelwa kokuqala. Abesifazane abakhulelwe badinga amanzi amaningi ukweseka bona nengane ekhula. Uma bengaphuzi amanzi ngokwanele, kungavela izinhloko ezibuhlungu.

Ezinye izinto zihlanganisa ingcindezi yengqondo (stress) nokuntuleka kokulala, okuyinto evamile ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa. Lezi zinto zingafaka kalula isandla ezinhloko ezibuhlungu, ikakhulukazi uma owesifazane esevame ukuba nenhloko ebuhlungu. Lapho ubuza ukuthi inhloko ebuhlungu inguphawu lokukhulelwa na, kubalulekile ukubheka nalezi zimbangela ezingaba khona.

Ukomo (Acne) Luwuphawu Lokukhulelwa Kokuqala Na?

Ake sikhulume ngezimpawu zokuqala zokukhulelwa ezihlanganisa amaphimple. Awukwazi ukukhuluma ngezinhloko ezibuhlungu ungakaphenduli umbuzo othi- “Ukomo luwuphawu lokukhulelwa kokuqala na?” Ukushintsha kwamahomoni, ikakhulukazi ekuqaleni kokukhulelwa, kungabangela isikhumba sikhiphe uwoyela omningi. Ngenxa yalokho, ukomo noma amaphimples angavela, okwenza amaphimples abe uphawu lokukhulelwa kokuqala. Abanye abesifazane babona amaphimples njengophawu lokuqala lokukhulelwa ngaphambi kwezinye izimpawu. Nokho, kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi ukomo kwabesifazane abakhulelwe kubonise ukuba kubi kakhulu kakhulu ezinyangeni zokugcina zokukhulelwa [4].

Nakuba ukomo nezinhloko ezibuhlungu kuyizimpawu ezivamile zokukhulelwa, azikona ukuqinisekisa zodwa. Abesifazane abaningi bahlangabezana nalezi zimo nasesimweni abangakhulelwe. Ngakho-ke uma othile ebuzisa, “Ingabe amaphimples awuphawu lokukhulelwa kokuqala?”, aba njalo kuphela uma ehambisana nezinye izimpawu ezifana nesicanucanu noma ukuya esikhathini okuphuthelwe. Noma kunjalo, kumelwe utethembele ekuthatheni ukuhlolwa kokukhulelwa ukuze uqinisekise.

Ukuphatha Izinhloko Ezibuhlungu Ngesikhathi Sokukhulelwa

Lapho ubhekene nezinhloko ezihlobene nokukhulelwa, kubalulekile ukunakekela umzimba wakho. Uma uke wazibuza ukuthi izinhloko ezibuhlungu zingaba uphawu lokukhulelwa yini futhi usuqinisekisile ukuthi ukhulelwe, ukuphatha le nhloko ebuhlungu kuba sezingeni elibalulekile.

Abesifazane abakhulelwe kufanele bagweme ezinye izinhlungu-mzimba (imithi) ezingalimaza ingane ekhula. Ukubonana nochwepheshe bezempilo kubalulekile ngaphambi kokusebenzisa noma yimuphi umuthi wokunciphisa ubuhlungu. Izindlela ezilula ezifana nokuphuza amanzi anele, ukuphumula, nokusebenzisa izindlela zokuphumula kwengqondo zingasiza ukuphatha lezi zinhloko ezibuhlungu.

Ukubeka iphakethe elibandayo ebunzini kunganciphisa ubuhlungu behlathi. Lokhu kungase kusebenze kahle ikakhulukazi uma inhloko ebuhlungu ibangelwa ukuvuleka kwemithambo yegazi. Ukuthambisa kancane umzimba noma i-acupuncture kunganikeza ukukhululeka futhi, ikakhulukazi uma izinhloko ezibuhlungu ziqhubeka.

Inhloko Ebuhlungu Ingaba Uphawu Lokukhulelwa Na?

Abesifazane abaningi bazithola bezibuza, ‘ingabe izinhloko ezibuhlungu izimpawu zokukhulelwa?’ Yebo, zingaba njalo, ikakhulukazi ezigabeni zokuqala. Nokho, azanele zodwa ukuqinisekisa ukukhulelwa. Kubalulekile ukubheka ezinye izimpawu, ezifana nokuphoswa ukuya esikhathini, isicanucanu, noma ubuhlungu bamabele.

Uma uhlangabezana nezinhloko ezibuhlungu futhi usola ukuthi ungase ukhulelwe, ukuthatha ukuhlolwa kokukhulelwa kungakusiza ususe ukungabaza. Ukuqinisekiswa kokukhulelwa kusenesikhathi kuvumela abesifazane ukuba baqale ukunakekelwa kokubeletha kusenesikhathi, okwenza ukukhulelwa kube nempilo engcono.

Izinhloko Ezibuhlungu Njengophawu Lokuqala Lokukhulelwa

Kwabanye abesifazane, ikhanda elibuhlungu njengophawu lokuqala lokukhulelwa yikho okubenza baqaphele okokuqala ukuthi bakhulelwe. Ukubheka izimpawu zokukhulelwa eziyi-70 zokuqala kungasiza abesifazane babone izinguquko ezincane emizimbeni yabo ezingase zikhombise ukuqala kokukhulelwa, kuhlanganise nezimpawu ezivamile ezifana nezinhloko ezibuhlungu nokomo. Impendulo esheshayo yomzimba ekushintsheni kwamahomoni ingenza izinhloko ezibuhlungu zibe nzima kakhulu kunokuvamile noma zihambe nesicanucanu sasekuseni. Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi nezimo ezifana nengcindezi yengqondo noma ukoma komzimba nazo zingabangela izinhloko ezibuhlungu.

Uma uzibuzile ukuthi inhloko ebuhlungu inguphawu lokukhulelwa kokuqala yini, futhi uhlangabezana nezinye izimpawu zokuqala ezifana nesicanucanu noma ukomo, kungase kube yisikhathi.

Izinhloko Ezibuhlungu Ingabe Ziwuphawu Lokukhulelwa Kokuqala?

Izinhloko ezibuhlungu zingempela zibe uphawu lokukhulelwa kokuqala, kodwa azigcini ngokuba zikhona kuphela lapho ukhulelwe. Abesifazane abaningi baba nezinhloko ezibuhlungu ngenxa yezinye izizathu. Uma izinhloko ezibuhlungu zihambisana nezinye izimpawu ezifana nesicanucanu, ubuhlungu bamabele, nokukhathala, zingase zikhombise ukukhulelwa. 

Kubalulekile ukubhekana nale mpawu ngokucophelela. Ukuhlolwa kokukhulelwa kanye nokubonisana nochwepheshe wezempilo yizona zindlela ezingcono kakhulu zokuqinisekisa ukukhulelwa.

Nini Okufanele Ubone Udokotela

Uma uhlangabezana nenhloko ebuhlungu njengophawu lokukhulelwa kokuqala futhi ibumnene, ingase iphathwe. Kodwa-ke, izinhloko ezibuhlungu ezinzima noma eziqhubekayo kufanele zibikwe kudokotela. Ingabe izinhloko ezibuhlungu izimpawu zokukhulelwa? Yebo zingaba njalo, kodwa izinhloko ezinzima zingase zikhombise ezinye izimo, njenge-high blood pressure noma i-preeclampsia. Lezi zimo zidinga ukunakwa ngokushesha kwezokwelashwa.

Nakuba kujwayelekile ukubuza, ingabe ikhanda elibuhlungu liyisibonakaliso sokukhulelwa, qiniseka ukuthi uyalandelela ukuthi lezi zimpawu ziba zimbi kangakanani. Ezimweni eziningi, izinhloko ezihlobene nokukhulelwa zibamnene, kodwa kubalulekile ukuthola iseluleko sochwepheshe uma ziba zimbi.

Izinhloko ezihlobene nokukhulelwa ngokuvamile ziba mnene futhi ziyaphatheka. Kodwa-ke, izinhloko ezinzima zingakhombisa ezinye izimo, njengokuthi i-preeclampsia. I-preeclampsia yisimo esibucayi esidinga ukungenelela ngokushesha kwezokwelashwa [5].

Isiphetho: Ingabe Inhloko Ebuhlungu Inguphawu Lokukhulelwa?

Ekuphetheni, izinhloko ezibuhlungu zingaba uphawu lokukhulelwa, ikakhulukazi ezigabeni zokuqala. Ukushintsha kwamahomoni, ukwanda kwegazi emzimbeni, nezinye izinto kufaka isandla kule mpawu. Nokho, izinhloko ezibuhlungu zodwa azanele ukuqinisekisa ukukhulelwa.

Uma uhlangabezana nezinhloko ezibuhlungu futhi uke wazama ukukhulelwa, ungakhohlwa ukubheka nezinye izimpawu. Ukuthatha ukuhlolwa kokukhulelwa nokubonisana nochwepheshe wezempilo yikho okungcono kakhulu. Ukuqonda izimpawu zomzimba wakho kubalulekile ekutholeni nasekunakekeleni ukukhulelwa kusenesikhathi.

Izinsiza

1. Zimmermann JSM, Fousse M, Juhasz-Böss I, Radosa JC, Solomayer EF, Mühl-Benninghaus R. Neurologic Consultations and Headache during Pregnancy and in Puerperium: A Retrospective Chart Review. J Clin Med. 2023 Mar 13;12(6):2204. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10054126/
2. Negro A, Delaruelle Z, Ivanova TA, Khan S, Ornello R, Raffaelli B, Terrin A, Reuter U, Mitsikostas DD; European Headache Federation School of Advanced Studies (EHF-SAS). Headache and pregnancy: a systematic review. J Headache Pain. 2017 Oct 19;18(1):106. doi: 10.1186/s10194-017-0816-0
3. Mitter VR, Lupattelli A, Bjørk M-H, Nordeng HME. Identification and characterization of migraine in pregnancy: A Norwegian registry-based cohort study. Cephalalgia. 2024;44(4). https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/03331024241248846
4. Kutlu Ö, Karadağ AS, Ünal E, Kelekçi KH, Yalçınkaya İyidal A, Topaloğlu Demir F, Aksoy B, Çölgeçen E, Tosun M, Emre S, Tatlıparmak A, Demirseren DD, Kaya Özden H, Öztürk M, Özlü E, Chen W. Acne in pregnancy: A prospective multicenter, cross-sectional study of 295 patients in Turkey. Int J Dermatol. 2020 Sep;59(9):1098-1105. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32562263/
5. Negro, A., et al. (2017). Headache and pregnancy: A systematic review. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5648730