Isicanucanu sasekuseni siqala ngokushesha kangakanani? Umhlahlandlela ngezimpawu zokuqala zokukhulelwa

Isicanucanu sasekuseni singesinye sezimpawu ezaziwa kakhulu zokukhulelwa, esithinta kuze kufike ku-80% wabesifazane abakhulelwe. Nakuba sivame ukubizwa ngokuthi "isicanucanu sasekuseni," isicanucanu nokuhlanza kungavela nganoma yisiphi isikhathi sosuku. Kodwa isicanucanu sasekuseni siqala nini ngemva kokukhulelwa? Isicanucanu singaqala nini ekukhulelweni? Lemi mibuzo ejwayelekile ikhathaza abesifazane abaningi abazama ukukhulelwa noma asebekhulelwe kakade. Ukuqonda isikhathi nobunzima besicanucanu sasekuseni kungasiza omama abalindele ukulungiselela lesi sigaba sokukhulelwa.[1]

Ake siqonde ukuthi kungathatha isikhathi esingakanani ngemva kokukhulelwa lapho isicanucanu sasekuseni siqala khona nokuthi yiziphi izinyathelo ezifanele zokuphatha lo mphumela ovamile wokukhulelwa.

Isicanucanu Sasekuseni Singaqala Kusenesikhathi Kangakanani?

Kubantu abaningi, isicanucanu sasekuseni siqala cishe phakathi kwamasonto amahlanu noma ayisithupha ekukhulelweni, okungaba cishe amasonto amabili ngemva kokuphoswa kokuya esikhathini. Nokho, kwabanye singaqala ngaphambi kwalokho. Ucwaningo lukhombisa ukuthi izimpawu zesicanucanu zingaqala masisha njengamasonto amane ngemva kokukhulelwa, kwesinye isikhathi ngisho nangaphambi kokuphoswa kokuya esikhathini. Lokhu kwenza abaningi bazibuze, “Isicanucanu sasekuseni singaqala masinyane kangakanani?” Nakuba kungavamile, abanye abantu babika ukuzizwa benesicanucanu kungakapheli ngisho nesonto ngemva kokukhulelwa, okwenza bazibuze, "Isicanucanu sasekuseni usibaswa nini?"

Ezimweni eziningi, izimpawu ziqina kakhulu phakathi kwamasonto ayisishiyagalolunye nawayishumi bese kancane kancane ziyancipha ekupheleni kwekota yokuqala yokukhulelwa, cishe phakathi kwamasonto ayi-12 kuya kwayi-14. Nokho, cishe u-10-20% wabesifazane baqhubeka nokuba nesicanucanu sasekuseni kuze kube sekotini yesibili, kanti iphesenti elincane lingaba nezimpawu kuze kube sekupheleni kokukhulelwa kwabo konke. Ngakho-ke, uma uzizwa unesicanucanu usesontweni lesi-3 lokukhulelwa noma ufana nalokho, kujwayelekile futhi kujwayelekile ngokuphelele.[2]

Isicanucanu Singaqala Kungani Ekukhulelweni?

Isicanucanu ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, esivame ukuqalwa amazinga ekhula amahomoni anjenge-human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG), yisibonakaliso sokuqala kwabesifazane abaningi. Umbuzo othi "isicanucanu sizoqala nini ekukhulelweni" uvame ukuya ngokuthi amazinga amahomoni akho aphakeme kangakanani nokuthi umzimba uzwela kangakanani. Kwabanye, isicanucanu singaqala ezinsukwini ezimbalwa nje ngemva kokukhulelwa, kodwa kwabaningi siqala cishe emva kwamasonto amane.

Isicanucanu sasekuseni wuphawu oluvamile ekukhulelweni kokuqala, futhi abaningi bayazibuza, "kungashesha kangakanani ukuthi uzwe isicanucanu sasekuseni?" Kwesinye isifazane, siqala masisha njengamasonto elilodwa ngemva kokukhulelwa, okwenza kube nombuzo othi, "ingabe isicanucanu sasekuseni singaqala ngesonto eli-1?" Nokho, sivame ukuqala phakathi kwamasonto amane kuya kwayisithupha. Lokhu kwenza abaningi babuze, "isicanucanu sasekuseni siqala nini" kanye nokuthi "kungaba nini emva kokukhulelwa lapho isicanucanu sasekuseni siqala khona?" Nakuba iningi lizobona izimpawu emva kokuphoswa kokuya esikhathini, abanye bangase baqaphele isicanucanu maduze ngemva kokutshalwa (implantation), okwenza bazibuze, "kungashesha kangakanani ukuthi isicanucanu ekukhulelweni siqale?" Kujwayelekile futhi ukuzibuza ukuthi, "kungashesha kangakanani ukuthi isicanucanu siqale ekukhulelweni" noma "kungashesha kangakanani emva kokukhulelwa lapho isicanucanu siqala khona," ngoba lezi zimpawu zingahluka kuye ngezici zomuntu ngamunye.

Uma kubuzwa, "uzozizwa nini ukukhathala kwasekuseni?" kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi akuwona wonke umuntu obhekana nale mpawu. Ezinye izifazane azikuzwe nhlobo, kanti ezinye zibhekana nezinhlobo ezinzima ezihlala isikhathi eside kuze kube phakathi nokukhulelwa kwazo. Kujwayelekile futhi ukuthi ukukhathala kwasekuseni kubangelwe ukunuka okuthile noma ukudla okuthile, okwandisa ukungaqiniseki kwesikhathi lapho kuzoqala khona.

Ukukhathala Kwasekuseni Kuqala Kungakanani Isikhathi Ngemuva Kokukhulelwa?

Ukukhathala kwasekuseni kuvame ukukholelwa ukuthi kuqala kungakadluli isikhathi sokuya esikhathini, kodwa abaningi bayazibuza, "isicanucanu singaqala masinyane kangakanani ngemuva kokukhulelwa?" Impendulo eqondile iyahlukahluka kuye ngomuntu ngamunye. Ngokwesilinganiso, isicanucanu siqala phakathi kwamaviki amabili kuya kwamane ngemuva kokukhulelwa. Lokhu kudala umbuzo othi "kungakanani isikhathi ngemuva kokukhulelwa lapho ungaqala ukuzizwa unesicanucanu?" Kwezinye izifazane, izinguquko zamahomoni zingadala izimpawu cishe ngokushesha, kodwa ngokuvamile, isicanucanu esibonakalayo sivela ngemuva kokufakwa kombungu esibelethweni (implantation), cishe ngesikhathi sokuphoswa kokuya esikhathini.[3]

Isicanucanu: Inselele Evamile

Umbuzo ovamile esihlale sihlangabezana nawo uthi, "isicanucanu siqala nini ekuqaleni kokukhulelwa?" Ngokuvamile siqala cishe ngesonto lesihlanu noma lesithupha. Nokho, ezinye izifazane zizizwa zingakhululekile ngaphambi kwalokho kakhulu, okwenza zibuze, "kungakanani isikhathi ngemuva kokukhulelwa lapho ukukhathala kwasekuseni kuqale khona?" Ezimweni ezingavamile, isicanucanu singaqala ngisho kusontwana lwesithathu, okwenza abanye babuze, "ukukhathala kwasekuseni kungaqala masinyane kangakanani" noma "isicanucanu sokukhulelwa singaqala masinyane kangakanani?" Le miqondo ehlukahlukene yesikhathi ivame ukudala ukudideka mayelana "nokuthi isicanucanu sivela kungakanani isikhathi ngemuva kokukhulelwa" noma "kungakanani isikhathi ngemuva kokukhulelwa lapho ukukhathala kwasekuseni kuzoqala khona." Kwabanye, ukukhathazeka kuba ukuthi, "uzozizwa nini ukukhathala kwasekuseni" noma "uzolithola masinyane kangakanani ukukhathala kwasekuseni?" Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi yize isicanucanu siyimpawu ejwayelekile yokuqala yokukhulelwa, isikhathi saso singahluka kakhulu kumuntu nomuntu.

Kungani Kuvela Ukukhathala Kwasekuseni?

Ukuthi ukukhathala kwasekuseni kungaqala masinyane kangakanani kuyinto eyodwa, kodwa kwenzeka ngani? Imbangela eqondile yokukhathala kwasekuseni iseyimfihlakalo, kodwa abacwaningi bakholelwa ukuthi ixhumene nokwenyuka okusheshayo kwamazinga e-hCG kanye ne-estrogen ekuqaleni kokukhulelwa. Lawa mahomoni abalulekile ekusekeleni umbungu osakhulayo kodwa angaphazamisa uhlelo lokugaya ukudla, okubangela isicanucanu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ezinye izifazane zingase zibe nomkhuba omkhulu wokuba nesicanucanu ngenxa yezinto ezifana nomlando wamakhanda abuhlungu kakhulu (migraines), isicanucanu uma kuhamba imoto noma isikebhe, noma ukukhulelwa kwangaphambilini okwahambisana nokukhathala kwasekuseni.

Izinto ezifana nokukhulelwa kwabafanyana abaningi noma ukuba namazinga aphezulu e-hCG zingenza isicanucanu sibe namandla kakhulu. Ezimeni ezinzima, abesifazane bangathola isimo esibizwa ngokuthi i-hyperemesis gravidarum, okuyisimo esihambisana isicanucanu esibi kakhulu, ukuhlanza nokoma emzimbeni. Lesi simo sithinta cishe u-1% wabesifazane abakhulelwe futhi sivame ukudinga ukunakekelwa kwezokwelashwa.

Ezinye Izimpawu Zokuqala Zokukhulelwa

Uma uzizwa ugula amasonto angu-3 ukhulelwe, kungenzeka kungabi yikho kuphela okwenzeka kuwe. Akukhona nje ukuthi isicanucanu sasekuseni siqala nini. Kukhona nokuthi ezinye zinye izimpawu zokuqala zokukhulelwa nazo ziqala ukuvela masinyane:

1. Ukukhathala: Ngenkathi kungenzeka uzibuza ukuthi isicanucanu sasekuseni singavela masinyane kangakanani, kungenzeka ungakaze ucabange ngobuningi bokukhathala ozoba nabo. Izinguquko ezisheshayo zamahomoni zizokwenza uzizwe ukhathele ngendlela ongajwayele, ngisho nasemavikini okuqala.
2. Ubuhlungu obuthambile emabele: Amabele abuhlungu futhi avuvukele ngokuvamile abe yizimpawu zokuqala kakhulu zokukhulelwa. Abesifazane ababuzayo imibuzo mayelana
3. Ukuchama njalo: Ukugeleza kwegazi okwandayo emazinzweni omchamo kungaholela ekuchameni njalo. Ungakwazi ukwazi ukuthi isicanucanu sasekuseni sizovela masinyane kangakanani ngokulandela ukuthi uya endlini yangasese kaningi kangakanani.
4. Ukuzonda Nokulangazelela Ukudla: Abesifazane abaningi babona izinguquko ekunukeni noma ekunambithekeni, okuholela ekuzondeni kakhulu noma ekulangazeleleni okukhulu okunye ukudla.
5. Ukushintshashintsha kwemizwa: Ukuguquguquka kwamahomoni kungadala izinguquko zemizwa ezifanayo nalezo ozizwa ngesikhathi se-PMS. Kungenzeka ungazi ukuthi isicanucanu siqala masinyane kangakanani ngemva kokukhulelwa, kodwa ukujwayeleka kokushintsha kwemizwa kungaphendula izinto eziningi.

Lezi zimpawu ngezinye izikhathi zingahlangana nezinye izifo, kodwa uma zihlangene, ziyizinkomba eziqinile zokukhulelwa.

Indlela Yokulawula Isicanucanu Sasekuseni

Kulabo abazibuza, "isicanucanu sasekuseni siqala nini ngemva kokukhulelwa," ukusilawula kungaba yinselelo, ikakhulukazi lapho isicanucanu siqala ngezikhathi ongazilindele. Nazi ezinye izeluleko zokunciphisa lezi zimpawu:

• Yidla ukudla okuncane, okuningi ngezikhathi ezisondelelene: Ukugwema ukuthi isisu sakho sigcwale kakhulu noma sihlale singenalutho kungasiza ukunciphisa isicanucanu. Ukudla izidlo ezincane kaningi empilweni kungasiza ngempela ukugcina izikhathi zokugula zikude. Ngakho-ke, kulabo ababuza, “Isicanucanu sasekuseni siqala masinyane kangakanani ngemva kokukhulelwa?”, ungasilibazisa ngokudla okuncane, okunempilo njalo.
• Hlala unamanzi emzimbeni: Ukuphuza amanzi kancane kancane noma iziphuzo ze-electrolyte usuku lonke kungasiza ukugcina isicanucanu sikude, ikakhulukazi emva kokuhlanza. Kunconyiwa ukuthi abesifazane baphuze okungenani amalitha angu-2.5 amanzi nsuku zonke. Nokho, kufanele uhlale uthintana nodokotela wakho uma ukhulelwe bese uzibuza, "Kuthatha isikhathi esingakanani ngemva kokukhulelwa ukuze uzizwe ugula?”
• Uginger: Itea lika-ginger, amaswidi ka-ginger, noma ngisho uginger omusha kungasiza ukuthulisa isisu esiphathekayo. Uma ubulokhu uhlanzela ekuseni futhi ubuza ukuthi i-morning sickness iqala kusenesikhathi kangakanani, lokhu kungaba indlela yokuncipha kwezinkinga.
• Phumula: Ukukhathala kungandisa isicanucanu. Lapho kubuzwa ukuthi uqala nini ukuzizwa unesicanucanu uma ukhulelwe, iningi labesifazane liphendula ngokuthi uma bengaphumuli. Ngakho ukuthola ubuthongo obanele kunganciphisa izimpawu.

Ezimeni ezinzima kakhulu, lapho isicanucanu siphazamisa impilo yakho yansuku zonke, kubalulekile ukubonana nomhlinzeki wezempilo. Imithi noma izithasiselo ezifana ne-vitamin B6 noma imithi kadokotela yokulwa nesicanucanu zingase zinconyelwe.[4]

Isiphetho

I-morning sickness iyehluka kakhulu kowesifazane oyedwa kuya komunye. Ngenkathi iningi lizozwa isicanucanu siqala cishe emasontweni amahlanu kuya kwayisithupha, abanye bangase baphawule izimpawu masinyane kakhulu. Ukuqonda ukuthi "how soon does morning sickness start" kungasiza omama abalindele ukuqaphela lesi sifo esivamile sokukhulelwa nokusilawula kahle. Kanye nesicanucanu, izinyanga zokuqala zokukhulelwa zivame ukuhambisana nezinye izimpawu ezifana nokukhathala, ubuhlungu bamabele, nokuguquguquka kwemizwelo. Ngokwazi lokho ongakulindela, abesifazane bangakwazi ukubhekana kangcono nezinyanga zokuqala zokukhulelwa futhi bafune usizo lapho kudingeka.

Hlala ubonana nomhlinzeki wezempilo uma uhlangabezana nezimpawu ezinzima noma eziqhubekayo, njengoba lezi zingase zibonise izimo ezifana ne-hyperemesis gravidarum, ezidinga ukungenelela kwezokwelapha. Ekugcineni, i-morning sickness uphawu lokuthi umzimba wakho usebenza kanzima ukusekela ingane yakho ekhula, nakuba kungazwakala kungathokozisi.

 Imithombo-

1. Mother To Baby | Fact Sheets [Internet]. Brentwood (TN): Organization of Teratology Information Specialists (OTIS); 1994-. Isicanucanu Nokuhlanza Ekukhulelweni (NVP) 2024 Feb. Kutholakala ku: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK582541/ 
2. Liu C, Zhao G, Qiao D, Wang L, He Y, Zhao M, Fan Y, Jiang E. Inqubekelaphambili ebonakalayo esicanucaneni nasekuhlanzeni ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa kanye ne-hyperemesis gravidarum: Izinselelo namathuba. Front Med (Lausanne). 2022 Jan 10;8:809270. doi:10.3389/fmed.2021.809270. PMID: 35083256; PMCID: PMC8785858.
3. Gadsby R, Ivanova D, Trevelyan E, Hutton JL, Johnson S. Isicanucanu nokuhlanza ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa akusona nje 'morning sickness': idatha evela ocwaningweni lweqoqo eluqhubekayo e-UK. Br J Gen Pract. 2020 Jul 30;70(697):e534-e539. doi:10.3399/bjgp20X710885. PMID: 32601054; PMCID: PMC7357866.
4. Matthews A, Haas DM, O'Mathúna DP, Dowswell T. Izinyathelo zokwelapha isicanucanu nokuhlanza ekukhulelweni kokuqala. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2015 Sep 8;2015(9):CD007575. doi:10.1002/14651858.CD007575.pub4. PMID: 26348534; PMCID: PMC7196889.