Kungani isikhathi sami sokuya esikhathini side kule nyanga, futhi isikhathi eside kakhulu siyoba yisiphi?

Kungani isikhathi sami sokuya esikhathini side kule nyanga? Umbuzo lo abaningi bawubuza lapho umjikelezo wabo ojwayelekile uqalisa ukudonsa isikhathi. Kwezinye izinyanga, isikhathi singaba sifushane, kwezinye side, futhi lokho kujwayelekile. Kodwa uma isikhathi eside kunokujwayelekile siqala ukwenzeka kaningi noma sihlala isikhathi eside kakhulu, kungase kubonise ushintsho kumahomoni, indlela yokuphila, noma ngisho nenkinga ethile yezempilo engaphansi.

Izikhathi zokuya esikhathini azilandeli imithetho eqinile. Nakuba imijikelezo evamile iphakathi kwezinsuku ezingu-21 kuya kwezingama-35, ukopha kwangempela kuvame ukuhlala phakathi kwezinsuku ezimbili kuya kweziyisikhombisa [1]. Ukuya esikhathini okuhlala isikhathi eside kunokujwayelekile kungase kungasho lutho olunzima, kodwa uma kudlula iviki, kungenzeka sekuyisikhathi sokufuna ukwazi ukuthi kungani.

Isikhathi Eside Kangakanani Esibhekwa Njengeside Kakhulu Sokuba Sesikhathini?

Kude kangakanani isikhathi eside kakhulu sokuba sesikhathini? Isikhathi esivamile sokuya esikhathini akufanele sidlule izinsuku eziyisikhombisa. Noma yini edlula lapho ibhekwa njengokopha okuqhubeka isikhathi eside [2]. Isikhathi sokuya esikhathini esithatha inyanga yonke asijwayelekile futhi kumele siphenywe.

Abanye bangase babe nokubala noma ukopha okuncane ngale kwesikhathi sabo esivamile, kodwa uma ukopha kuqhubeka kakhulu, kungakhomba izimo ezifana nokungalingani kwamahomoni, ama-fibroid, noma izinkinga ze-thyroid. Uma isikhathi sami sokuya esikhathini sihlala isikhathi eside kunokujwayelekile futhi lokhu kwenzeka kaningi, kudingeka ukubonana nodokotela.

Ukungalingani Kwamahomoni Kungabangela Izikhathi Ezide

Amahomoni alawula yonke into mayelana nomjikelezo wokuya esikhathini. I-estrogen ne-progesterone ziphethe ukwakheka nokuchitheka kwesembozo sangaphakathi sesibeletho. Uma la mahomoni engalingani, umphumela kungaba isikhathi eside kunokujwayelekile noma amaphethini okugobhoza angajwayelekile.

i-Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) ingesinye isimo esivamile esingaholela esikhathini eside kunokujwayelekile. Lesi simo siphazamisa ukuvuthwa kwamaqanda, okungabangela ukuphuthelwa kokuya esikhathini noma ukopha okuqhubeka isikhathi eside kakhulu. Izifo ze-thyroid zibuye zibe enye into. I-thyroid engasebenzi kahle ingakwenza umbuzo othi kungani umjikelezo wami wokuya esikhathini uba mude ube yinkinga yangempela ngoba i-thyroid isiza ukulawula amahomoni [3]. Kulabo abahlangabezana nokungajwayelekile ekuvuthweni kwamaqanda noma ukungalingani kwamahomoni okuthinta umjikelezo wabo, izithasiselo ezifana ne-Conceive Plus Women's Ovulation Support zingasiza ukulawula impilo yokuzala ngokukhuthaza ibhalansi yamahomoni nokuqina ekuvuthweni kwamaqanda.

Kwabesifazane abasondela esikhathini sokuya esikhathini sokugcina (menopause), imijikelezo engajwayelekile ivamile. Ngezinye izikhathi isikhathi sokuya esikhathini siyaphazamiseka, ngezinye izikhathi sihlala isikhathi eside kakhulu kunakuqala. Uma kungani umjikelezo wami wokuya esikhathini uba mude kuba umbuzo okhathazayo, lokhu kungase kubangelwe i-perimenopause, ethinte ikhono lomzimba lokulawula imijikelezo yokuya esikhathini.

Ingcindezi nendlela yokuphila kungenza isikhathi sokuya esikhathini side

Ingcindezi ekuphileni ithinta ama-hormone kakhulu kunalokho abaningi abakubona. Ingcindezi yomsebenzi, ukucindezeleka ngokomzwelo, ukungalali kahle, ukushintsha kwesisindo masinyane—lezi zinto zingaba nomthelela ekutheni isikhathi sokuya esikhathini sibe side. Ingcindezi ikhuthaza ukukhishwa kwe-cortisol, engaphazamisa amazinga e-estrogen ne-progesterone. Lapho lawa ma-hormone ephazamiseka, umjikelezo ungaba mide kunokuvamile.

Ukuzivocavoca ngokweqile nakho kungathinta ubude besikhathi sokuya esikhathini. Abadlali bezemidlalo noma labo abenza ukuzivocavoca okunzima kaningi bavame ukuba nokushintsha kwama-hormone, okuholela ekutheni isikhathi sami sokuya esikhathini sibe side kunokujwayelekile noma sigqashuke ngokuphelele.

Ukudla kudlala indima futhi. Ukushoda kwamavithamini abalulekile njengensimbi, i-folic acid, namafutha anempilo kungaphazamisa ukukhiqizwa kwama-hormone, kuholele emijikelezweni engajwayelekile [4].

Imithi nezindlela zokuvikela inzalo zingashintsha ubude besikhathi sokuya esikhathini

Ezinye izidakamizwa zingaba imbangela yokuthi kungani isikhathi sami sokuya esikhathini sihlala isikhathi eside kangaka. Izincibilikisi zegazi, imishanguzo yokwelapha ukucindezeleka, nemithi yokunciphisa ukuvuvukala zingathinta ukujiya kwegazi futhi zandise ukopha [5]. Ukulawulwa kokuzala nge-hormone nakho kungaba yinto ethinta lokhu.

Ezinye izindlela zokuvikela inzalo, njenge-intrauterine devices (IUDs), zingaholela ekuphopheni isikhathi eside, ikakhulukazi ezinyangeni zokuqala zokusebenzisa. Ama-implant nama-injection e-hormone angabangela nezikhathi ezingajwayelekile, ezinde, ngaphambi kokuba umzimba ujwayele. Uma sekusetshenziswe indlela entsha yokuvikela inzalo, kanti kungani isikhathi sami sokuya esikhathini side izinsuku ezi-2 kunokujwayelekile sekuya kuba ukukhathazeka okuvamile, kungcono ukubonana nodokotela.

I-emergency contraception (ithebhulethi yasemva kokulala ekuseni) nayo ingaholela ezinguqukweni ezingalindelekile kubude besikhathi sokuya esikhathini. Njengoba isebenza ngokushintsha ama-hormone okwesikhashana, isikhathi singafika kusenesikhathi, sekwephuzile, noma sihlale isikhathi eside kunokujwayelekile.

Ama-fibroids namapholisi angabangela ukopha kakhulu

Ama-fibroids esibeletho namapholisi yizimbangela ezimbili ezivame kakhulu zokopha isikhathi eside ngesikhathi sokuya esikhathini. Ama-fibroids angukukhula kwemisipha okungelona umdlavuza okuvela odongeni lwesibeletho, kanti amapholisi ayizicubu ezincane ezikhula emgodleni wesibeletho. Kokubili kungabangela ukuthi isikhathi sokuya esikhathini sihlale isikhathi eside ngokuvimbela isibeletho ukuthi sincindezele kahle, okwenza kube nzima ukumisa ukopha.

Abesifazane abaningi abanama-fibroids abahlali bezwa izimpawu ezibonakalayo, kodwa kwabanye umthelela uba nzima kakhulu, okungaholela ekutheni kungani isikhathi sami sokuya esikhathini sihlala isikhathi eside kangaka futhi kube nokugeleza kwegazi okuningi [6]. Abanye bangase babe nokujiya kwegazi, ukubanjwa yimisipha okunzima, ukucindezeleka esiswini (pelvic pressure), noma ukwanda kokuchama uma ama-fibroid ecindezela esinyeni samchamo. Uma ukopha ngokweqile, ubuhlungu, noma ukuphuma kwamahlule amakhulu egazi sekuyinto evamile, kubalulekile ukufuna ukuhlolwa kwezokwelapha ukuze kunqunywe indlela engcono yokwelashwa.

I-Endometriosis ne-Adenomyosis Zingaholela Ekopheni Okude

I-Endometriosis yisifo lapho izicubu zesibeletho ezifanayo ne-endometrium zikhula ngaphandle kwesibeletho, okuvame ukuholela ekopheni okukhulu, okubuhlungu, nokwelula isikhathi. Lokhu kungenza umbuzo othi kungani isikhathi sami side kangaka ube yinkinga eqhubekayo kwabesifazane abaningi. Lezi zicubu ezisemzini ziphendula izinguquko zama-hormone ngesikhathi somjikelezo, zibangele ukuvuvukala, ubuhlungu obukhulu, nokopha ngokweqile okungahlala isikhathi eside kakhulu kunesikhathi esijwayelekile sokuya esikhathini.

I-Adenomyosis, isimo esifana kodwa ehlukile, yenzeka lapho izicubu ze-endometrium zikhula ziye ngaphakathi ejulile ezindongeni zemisipha yesibeletho, okubangela ukujiya nokuncipha okungajwayelekile [7]. Lokhu kuvame ukuphetha ngokopha okubuhlungu, okukhulu, nokungajwayelekile okungelula ngisho nangale kwesikhathi esilindelekile somjikelezo wokuya esikhathini. Lezi zimo azikhulisi kuphela ubude bezikhathi kodwa zingaholela nasekuthokozeleni okukhulu, ubuhlungu obusehlathini emuva, nobunzima ekukhulelweni. Abesifazane abahlangabezana nezikhathi ezinde njalo kanye nokubanjwa yimisipha kanzima kufanele babonane nochwepheshe ukuze bathole ukuxilongwa okufanele nokuphathwa kwezimpi.

Izinkinga Zokukhulelwa Zingaholela Ekopheni Okude

Ukopha ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa akusona njalo isibonakaliso sento esinzima, kodwa ukopha ngokweqile noma okuqhubekayo kungase kubonise izinkinga ezifana nokulahlekelwa yisisu noma ukukhulelwa kwe-ectopic [8]. Uma isikhathi eside noma ukuchaphaza okungajwayelekile kwenzeka ekuqaleni kokukhulelwa, kudingeka ukunakwa kwezokwelapha ngokushesha ukuze kukhishwe ubungozi obungaba khona. Uma ubhekene nokopha okungajwayelekile futhi uzibuza, ingabe kungenzeka ukuthola i-period ngesikhathi ukhulelwe?, kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuthi ukopha okuhlobene nokukhulelwa kwesinye isikhathi kungadidaniswa nomjikelezo wokuya esikhathini.

Ukulahlekelwa yisisu ekuqaleni kokukhulelwa kwesinye isikhathi kungadidaniswa nesikhathi eside ngenxa yokopha okukhulu nokuqhubekayo okungadaleka. Ezinye izifazane ziphinde zibe nokopha kokufakelwa kwembryo (implantation bleeding), okuthi ngokuvamile kuqhubeke isikhashana futhi kube kukhanya kakhulu. Nokho, ukopha okuqhubekayo noma okuvame kakhulu akufanele neze kunganakwa, ngoba kungaba uphawu lwezinkinga ezihlobene nokukhulelwa njenge-molar pregnancy noma i-placenta previa. Uma ukopha kuhambisana nobuhlungu obukhulu, isiyezi, noma ukujiya kwegazi (clotting), kubalulekile ukufuna usizo lwezokwelashwa ukuze kugwemeke ezinye izinkinga.

Izifo Zokujiya Kwegazi Zingabangela Izikhathi Ezinde

Abanye abantu banezifo ezifihlekile zokubopha igazi ezithinta indlela umzimba wabo ophatha ngayo ukopha, okuholela emijikelezweni yokuya esikhathini emide noma ngokweqile. Lapho igazi lingabophi kahle, ukopha kwenyanga kungaqhubeka isikhathi eside kunokujwayelekile, okwenza kube nokukhathazeka ngokuthi kungani isikhathi sami sokuya esikhathini sihlala isikhathi eside kunokujwayelekile. Izimo ezifana ne-Von Willebrand Disease, i-hemophilia, noma izifo zokusebenza kwama-platelet zingaba negalelo kulokhu ngokuvimba inqubo ejwayelekile yokubopha igazi ukuthi iyeke ukugeleza kokuya esikhathini.

Uma ukopha okuqhubekayo kube yinkinga ephindaphindayo, futhi kunomlando wokopha ikhala kaningi, ukuvela kwamabala aluhlaza kalula, noma ukopha isikhathi eside emihuzukweni emincane noma ekulimaleni okuncane, ukugula okuthinta ukubopha kwegazi kufanele kukhishwe [9]. Abesifazane abanezikhathi zokuya esikhathini ezihlala isikhathi eside kunokujwayelekile ezihambisana nokopha okuningi okungachazeki kufanele benze ukuhlolwa kwezokwelapha ukuze kubhekwe izinkinga zokubopha igazi, ngoba ukuxilongwa kusenesikhathi kungasiza ukuphatha izimpawu nokuvimbela ezinye izinkinga.

Nini okufanele ubone udokotela mayelana nesikhathi eside sokuya esikhathini

Isikhathi eside sokuya esikhathini kunokujwayelekile asisoloko sibonisa into ebucayi, kodwa kufanele silandelwe. Kudinga ukubonwa udokotela uma:

• Ukopha kuqhubeka isikhathi eside kunosuku oluyisikhombisa.
• Kuphuma amahlule egazi amakhulu kunesenti engu-25 (i-quarter) kaningi.
• Ukopha okuningi kudinga ukushintsha i-pad noma i-tampon njalo ngehora.
• Ubuhlungu obukhulu besisu, isiyezi, noma ukukhathala kuhambisana nesikhathi eside sokuya esikhathini.

Ukulandelela izimpawu nemijikelezo yokuya esikhathini ezinyangeni ezimbalwa kunganikeza ulwazi oluwusizo kumhlinzeki wezokunakekelwa kwezempilo ekuxilongeni imbangela yesikhathi eside sokuya esikhathini.

Ukuphatha isikhathi eside sokuya esikhathini ngendlela yemvelo

Kulabo ababhekene nombuzo othi kungani isikhathi sami sokuya esikhathini sihlala isikhathi eside kunokujwayelekile, ezinye izindlela zemvelo zingasiza ukulungisa umjikelezo.

Ukudla okunothile ngensimbi, i-vitamin C, ne-folic acid kungasiza ukuphatha ukulahleka kwegazi nokuvimbela i-anemia [10]. Ukuphuza amanzi amaningi nokufaka ekudleni ukudla okunciphisa ukuvuvukala, njengamafutha e-omega-3, kungasiza futhi ukunciphisa ukopha okude.

Ukulawula ukucindezeleka kubalulekile kakhulu. I-yoga, ukuzindla, nokuzivocavoca ngokujwayelekile kungasiza ukulungisa amahomoni nokuvimbela isikhathi sokuya esikhathini eside.

Ezinye izindlela zemvelo, ezifana nojinja no-turmeric, zitholwe zisekela impilo yokuya esikhathini futhi zingasiza ukunciphisa ukopha ngokweqile.

Okubalulekile

Isikhathi sokuya esikhathini eside singabangelwa izinto eziningi, kusukela ekungalingani kwamahomoni kuya ezifweni ezingaphansi. Nakuba ezinye izinguquko zomjikelezo zijwayelekile, isikhathi sokuya esikhathini eside kunokujwayelekile esenzeka kaningi akufanele singanakwa [11].

Uma uhlangabezana nombuzo othi kungani isikhathi sami sokuya esikhathini side kule nyanga, ukulandelela izinguquko, ukubona okungase kube yizimbangela, nokubonana nodokotela uma kudingeka kungasiza ukuthola imbangela esemqoka. Kungaba ukucindezeleka, imithi, noma isifo esithile, ukuqonda izizathu zokuthi kungani isikhathi sokuya esikhathini side kubalulekile empilweni yokuzala iyonke.

Imibuzo ejwayelekile ukubuzwa

Kungani isikhathi sami sokuya esikhathini sihlala isikhathi eside kunokujwayelekile?

Ukungalingani kwama-hormone, ingcindezi, imithi ethile, noma izimo zempilo ezifana nama-fibroids nesifo i-endometriosis kungaba imbangela yokuthi ukuya esikhathini kuthathe isikhathi eside.

Yisiphi isikhathi eside kakhulu sokuya esikhathini?

Ukuya esikhathini okuhlala ngaphezu kwezinsuku eziyisikhombisa kubhekwa njengokwelulelekile futhi kufanele kuxoxwe nodokotela.

Kungani umjikelezo wami wokuya esikhathini uba mude?

Ukuguquguquka kwama-hormone, izifo ze-thyroid, noma isikhathi se-perimenopause kungaholela emjikelezweni omude wokuya esikhathini.

Kungani ukuya kwami esikhathini kuthatha isikhathi eside kunokujwayelekile ngemuva kokuyeka imithi yokulawula inzalo?

Ukuyeka ukusebenzisa imithi yokulawula inzalo enama-hormone kungabangela ukushintsha kwesikhashana komjikelezo njengoba umzimba ulungiselela futhi uqale ukukhiqiza ama-hormone awo futhi.

Ngingaya nini kudokotela ngenxa yokuthi ukuya kwami esikhathini kuthatha isikhathi eside?

Uma ukuya esikhathini kuhlala isikhathi eside kunezinsuku eziyisikhombisa, kunegazi eliningi ngokweqile, noma kuhambisana nezimpawu ezinzima, kufanele kufunwe iseluleko sezokwelapha.

Izinkomba zezincwadi

1. Mayo Clinic. (2021). Umjikelezo wokuya esikhathini: Yini ejwayelekile, yini engeyona. Kutholakala ku: https://www.mayoclinic.org/healthy-lifestyle/womens-health/in-depth/menstrual-cycle/art-20047186#:~:text=Your%20menstrual%20cycle%20might%20be,is%20what's%20typical%20for%20you.
2. National Health Service. (2020). Ukuya esikhathini okunegazi eliningi. Kutholakala ku: https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/heavy-periods/
3. Krassas, G. E., Poppe, K., & Glinoer, D. (2010). Umsebenzi we-thyroid nempilo yokuzala kwabantu. Endocrine reviews. Kutholakala ku: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20573783/
4. Gaskins, A. J., & Chavarro, J. E. (2018). Ukudla nokuzala: ukubuyekeza. American journal of obstetrics and gynecology. Kutholakala ku: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28844822/
5. Zeiss, R., Connemann, B. J., Schönfeldt-Lecuona, C., & Gahr, M. (2021). Ingozi yokopha ehlotshaniswa nemithi yokulwa nokucindezeleka: Umthelela wokuhlola ubangela nokucwaswa kuncintiswano ekutholeni izimpawu. Frontiers in psychiatry. Kutholakala ku: https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8566746/
6. Baird, D. D., Dunson, D. B., Hill, M. C., Cousins, D., & Schectman, J. M. (2003). Izinga eliphezulu lokuba nama-fibroids esibelethweni kwabesifazane abamnyama nabamhlophe: ubufakazi be-ultrasound. American journal of obstetrics and gynecology. Kutholakala ku: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12548202/
7. Vercellini, P., Viganò, P., Somigliana, E., Daguati, R., Abbiati, A., & Fedele, L. (2006). I-Adenomyosis: izici zezibalo zabantu. Best practice & research. Clinical obstetrics & gynaecology. Kutholakala ku: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16563868/
8. Wilcox, A. J., Weinberg, C. R., O'Connor, J. F., Baird, D. D., Schlatterer, J. P., Canfield, R. E., Armstrong, E. G., & Nisula, B. C. (1988). Izinga lokuphuma kokukhulelwa kwasekuqaleni. The New England journal of medicine. Kutholakala ku: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3393170/
9. Rodeghiero, F., Castaman, G., & Tosetto, A. (2009). Ngiyelapha kanjani isifo sika-von Willebrand. Blood. Kutholakala ku: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19474451/
10. Milman N. (2011). Insimbi ekukhulelweni: Siyiqinisekisa kanjani izinga elifanele lensimbi kumama nasengane?. Annals of nutrition & metabolism. Kutholakala ku: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22123639/
11. Davis E, Sparzak PB. Ukuphuma Kwegazi Okungajwayelekile Esibelethweni. [Updated 2025 Jan 21]. Ku: StatPearls [Internet]. Kutholakala ku: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK532913/

Thenga imikhiqizo yokusiza ukukhulelwa ku-inthanethi kwa-Conceive Plus, umkhiqizo wokuzala othetjhwe ngabathandani nochwepheshe bezempilo emazweni angaphezu kuka-70! Oda izithasiselo zekhwalithi ephezulu zokukhulelwa kuwebhusayithi yethu namuhla, amakhithi angcono kakhulu okucabangela athengiswayo kwabathandani abazama ukukhulelwa.