Lapho Ukufakwa Kwenzeka Nini Futhi Yiziphi Izimpawu Eziyinhloko?

Abanye abantu bayazibuza ukuthi ukufakelwa kwenzeka nini, ikakhulukazi uma bezilungiselela ukukhulelwa futhi befuna ukubona izimpawu zakuqala. Yileso sikhathi lapho iqanda elichumile lizifanela ngempumelelo ezingeni lesibeletho, isinyathelo esiqala indlela eya ekukhulelweni okungaqhubeka kahle [1]. Lesi sigaba kwesinye isikhathi singabenza abantu bazibuze ukuthi ukufakelwa kungaqala maduze kangakanani noma ukuthi bangakwazi yini ukubona izinguquko ezincane emzimbeni wabo. Abanye bangadideka kancane ngoba ukufakelwa kwabelana ngezinto ezithile okufana ngazo nenqubo yokuhlunguzwa kokuya esikhathini, okungenza kube nzima ukukubona. Kodwa lonke leli phenomene liyamangaza ngokuphelele.

Ama-hormone adlala indima enkulu kakhulu. Iqanda elichumile lihamba ngomsele we-fallopian bese lihlose ukuzifaka esibelethweni esikulungele ukwamukela. Abanye abantu baphinde bafune ukwazi ukuthi iluphi usuku lapho ukufakelwa kwenzeka khona noma ngisho isikhathi esikuthathayo. Ukudideka kuvela ngoba isikhathi salo mcimbi singahlangana nesikhathi sokuya esikhathini okulindelekile, okuholela emibonweni engalungile.

Yini Ukufakelwa Futhi Kungani Kubalulekile?

Ukufakelwa kuyisikhathi lapho iqanda elichumile, eliselehlukanise laba amaseli amaningi, lizifaka odongeni lwesibeletho. Lo msebenzi uphawula ukuqala okusemthethweni kokukhulelwa ngoba uma selizinamathele, i-embryo iqala ukuthola ukudla okunomsoco esibelethweni. Uma umuntu ezibuza ukuthi kufakelwa kwenzeka nini, ngokuvamile kuhlotshaniswa nokulawulwa kwama-hormone nokulungela kwesibeletho [2].

Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu ngoba ngaphandle kokufakelwa okuhamba kahle, ukukhulelwa akukwazi ukuqhubeka. Abanye abantu baphinde babheke izimpawu ezinhle zokufakelwa njengokuchitheka kwegazi okuncane noma izinhlungu ezithambile (cramping). Lezi zimpawu zingase zingaveli kubo bonke abantu, ngakho ukungabibikho kwezikhombi ezibonakalayo akusho njalo ukuthi ukufakelwa kuhlulekile. Ukudla okunothe ngondlo namahormone alinganiselayo kungathuthukisa imvelo yesibeletho, kodwa izinto zangaphandle zingase zisadlala indima ekuphumeleleni noma ekwehlulekeni.

Umzimba ukhiqiza amazinga aphezulu amahormone athile ngemva kokufakelwa, njenge-human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG). Leli hormone yilo elitholwa izivivinyo zokukhulelwa. Uma i-embryo isizifakile, lelo hormone liqala ukukhuphuka, yize kungathatha eminye imisebenzi yezinsuku ukuze lifinyelele ezingeni elitholakalayo. Lokho kusho ukuthi ukuhlolwa okwenziwa ngesikhathi esifanele ekugcineni kungaqinisekisa ukukhulelwa.

Kuthatha Isikhathi Esingakanani Ukufakelwa Kwenzeke?

Ukwazisa ukuthi kuthatha isikhathi esingakanani ukufakelwa kwembryo kujwayelekile. Lo msebenzi, kusukela lapho iqanda lifika esibelethweni kuze kube linamathela, uvame ukuthatha usuku olulodwa kuya kwezintathu. Kodwa lowo mzuzu ungashintsha. Empeleni, abanye abantu baphinda babuze ngokuthi kuthatha isikhathi esingakanani ukufakelwa kwembryo, okuyimvamisa umbuzo ofanayo owethulwa ngenye indlela.

Okokuqala, iqanda kumele lichanyuswe emgudwini we-fallopian. Bese, phakathi nezinsuku ezimbalwa, lihamba liye esibelethweni. Ngaleso sikhathi, uma izimo zilungele, liyanamathela. Lolu hambo lonke lungathonywa izinto ezifana nempilo yembryo, isimo samahomoni, ngisho nezinga lokucindezeleka. Kulabo abazibuza ukuthi kusele izinsuku ezingaki ngemva kokukhululwa kweqanda lapho ukufakelwa kwembryo kwenzeka khona, kuvame ukuthatha cishe izinsuku eziyisithupha kuya kweziyishumi, yize lokho kungahluka.

Imijikelezo iyahlukahluka kumuntu nomuntu. Abanye bangaba nemijikelezo emifushane, okubenza babuze ukuthi kungaphela izinsuku ezingaki ngemva kokukhululwa kweqanda lapho ukufakelwa kwembryo kwenzeka khona endabeni yabo ethile. Uma umjikelezo umude, kungase kube nokunamathela okuhlehlisiwe kancane. Ngakho ibanga livame ukuba phakathi kwezinsuku eziyisithupha kuya kweziyishumi nambili, kodwa akuwona wonke umuntu onomugqa wesikhathi ofanayo [3].

Yiziphi Izimpawu Zokufakelwa Kwembryo?

Abanye bafuna izimpawu zokuqala zokufakelwa kwembryo ezingawuhlukanisa nokuhamba kokuya esikhathini okuvamile. Abanye bangabona ukuchaphazeka kwegazi okuncane, okukhanya kakhulu kunezikhathi futhi okuvame ukuba pink noma nsundu. Abanye bazwe ukuqinana okuncane esiswini esingezansi. Lokhu kwesinye isikhathi kubizwa ngokuthi ubuhlungu bokufakelwa kwembryo, yize “ubuhlungu” kungenzeka kudlulele kwabanye abantu [4].

Ukuguquguquka kwamahomoni kungaholela ekukhathaleni noma esicanuzelweni esincane. Lokhu kuvamise ukuhlotshaniswa nokwanda kwamazinga e-progesterone. Abanye baphinde bakhulume ngobuhlungu obuthambile emabele, njengoba umzimba uqala izinguquko ezizosiza ukukhulelwa. Nokho, kuhlakaniphile ukungathembeli kulezi zimpawu zodwa, ngoba zingafana kakhulu nezinguquko zangaphambi kokuya esikhathini. Ezinye iziguli zingase zizwe ukuhudula okubangelwa ukufakelwa kwembryo njengokungakhululeki okuthambile esiswini esingezansi, okuvame ukudidaniswa namathumbu angaphambi kokuya esikhathini ngenxa kwesikhathi nendlela okuzizwa ngayo.

Abanye bangazibuza bathi ukuhudula okubangelwa ukufakelwa kwembryo kuzizwa kanjani. Kungazwakala njengokudonsa okuncane noma okungamaphakathi. Umuntu angakudida namathumbu avame ukwenzeka ngaphambi kokuya esikhathini. Umehluko ukuthi imizwa ehlobene nokufakelwa kwembryo ivame ukuba mifushane futhi ithambile. Kodwa akuwona wonke umuntu oyizwayo. Yize kungelona wonke umuntu ozobona izimpawu zokufakelwa, labo abazinakayo bangase babone izinguquko ezincane njengokuchaphazeka okuncane kwegazi, ukuhudula okuncane, noma ukwanda kwezinga lokushisa komzimba eliyisisekelo.

Ukufakelwa kwembryo vs. Ukuya esikhathini: Umehluko Oyinhloko

Ngezinye izikhathi, kulula ukudida ukufakelwa isibungu nokuqalisa kokuya esikhathini. Ngenxa yokuthi izimpawu zokufakelwa isibungu ngezinye izikhathi zingafana nezimpawu zokuya esikhathini, ukuqonda umehluko oyinhloko phakathi kwe-ukufakelwa isibungu vs ukuya esikhathini kungasiza ukuhlukanisa phakathi kwalokhu kubili.

Abantu bangabona ukuchitheka kwegazi okuncane bese bacabanga ngokushesha ukuthi sekufikile isikhathi sokuya esikhathini, kodwa lapho ukufakelwa isibungu kwenzeka kungase kuqondane nosuku olulindelekile lokuqala ukuya esikhathini kwezinye izindilinga. Noma kunjalo, ukuhamba kwegazi ekuya esikhathini kweqiniso kuvame ukuba kukhulu futhi kuhlala isikhathi eside kunanoma yikuphi ukuchitheka kwegazi okuvela ekufakelweni isibungu [5].

Uma umuntu ezibuza ukuthi ukufakelwa isibungu kungenzeka nini, kuvame ukuba seduze nesikhathi lapho kungenzeka kulindelwe khona ukuya esikhathini. Yingakho ukudideka kuvela. Umbala wokuchitheka kwegazi ngesikhathi sokufakelwa isibungu uvame ukuba mpunga ngokubomvu okhanyayo noma onsundu, kuyilapho igazi lokuya esikhathini livame ukuba bomvu noma libe mnyama ngokujulile.

Ukukhathala nezinhlungu ezincane kungavela kuzo zombili izimo. Lokhu kuholela emibuzweni yokuthi kufakelwa isibungu kwenzeka masinyane kangakanani noma ukuthi ungakuhlukanisa kanjani nezimpawu zangaphambi kokuya esikhathini. Isikhathi sibalulekile kukho konke. Futhi indlela engcono kakhulu yokuqiniseka ukwenza ukuhlolwa kokukhulelwa ngemuva kokudlula kwezinsuku ezanele ukuze kutholakale amazinga e-hCG athembekile.

Izinhlungu Zokufakelwa Isibungu vs. Izinhlungu Zokuya Esikhathini

Abanye abaqiniseki mayelana nezinhlungu zokufakelwa isibungu vs izinhlungu zokuya esikhathini noma bangase baqhathanise izinhlungu zokuya esikhathini ngesikhathi sokuvuthwa kweqanda vs izinhlungu zokufakelwa isibungu ukuze babone ukuthi yini ngempela eyenzekayo. Ukubamba kwamathumbu okuhambisana nokufakelwa isibungu kuvamise ukuba buthakathaka [6]. Ngokuphambene nalokho, izinhlungu zokuya esikhathini zingase zihlale isikhathi eside futhi zibe namandla kakhulu.

Abantu ababuza ukuthi izinhlungu zokufakelwa isibungu zibuhlungu kuphi noma uzizwela kuphi izinhlungu zokufakelwa isibungu bavame ukukhuluma ngomuzwa ogxile eduze kwendawo yethanga elingezansi, nakuba ungakwazi ukusakazeka kancane. Uma izinhlungu ziqine kakhulu noma zihambisana namaqhwebu egazi amakhulu, kungase kube okunye, okungase kudinge iseluleko sikadokotela.

Kufanele uthathe nini ukuhlolwa kokukhulelwa?

Imibuzo mayelana nokuthi ukufakwa kwembungu kufanele kwenzeke nini kwesinye isikhathi ihamba kanye nesifiso sokuhlola ukukhulelwa. Ukuhlolwa kuvame ukuba nokunemba okukhulu cishe ngosuku lokuqala lokungafiki kokuya esikhathini. Kodwa abanye bangase bahlolwe kusenesikhathi. Kulabo abalangazelela ukuqinisekisa ukukhulelwa, ukuqonda ngingahlola nini ngemva kokufakwa kwembungu kungabasiza ukunquma isikhathi esingcono kakhulu sokwenza ukuhlolwa kokukhulelwa ukuze bathole imiphumela enembile. Uma umuntu esola ukuthi usanda kuba nobuhlungu bokufakwa kwembungu, ukulinda okungenani izinsuku ezimbalwa kuqinisekisa ukuthi i-hCG inyuke ngokwanele ukuze itholakale.

Ukuhlola kusenesikhathi kakhulu kungaholela kumphumela ongu-negative ongamanga, okubangela ukudideka noma ukucindezeleka okungadingekile. Kuhlakaniphe kakhulu ukubheka imiyalelo esethulini lokuhlola. Amanye azwela kakhulu kunezinye. Ngempela, uma ukuhlolwa kwenziwa masinyane kakhulu, umzimba ungase ungakakhiqizi amazinga e-hormone alinganiselwayo okungenzeka ukuthi alinganiswe [7].

Kulabo ababuza ukuthi ziba zingaki izinsuku ngemuva kokuvuthwa kweqanda lapho kufakwa khona imbungu, kungaba cishe phakathi kwezinsuku eziyisithupha kuya kweziyishumi nambili. Ngakho ukulinda kancane ngale kwalelo windi kuvumela ukuthola imiphumela engcono. Uma ukuhlolwa kungu-negative, kodwa ukusola kusalukhulu, ukuphinda uhlolwe ngemva kwezinsuku ezimbili noma ezintathu kungaletha ukucaca.

Izici Ezithinta Impumelelo Yokufakwa Kwembungu

Abanye abantu babuza ukuthi ukufakwa kwembungu kungathatha isikhathi esingakanani noma ukuthi ikhona yini indlela eqinisekile yokwandisa impumelelo. Nakuba kungekho siqinisekiso, kunezici eziningana ezibalulekile. Ama-hormone alinganiselayo abalulekile kakhulu. Uma izinga le-progesterone noma le-estrogen lingalungile, ungqimba lwesibeletho lungase lungabi nokwamukela ngokuphelele. Lokho kungenza kunciphe ithuba lokunamathela kwembungu.

Izifo noma izimo zempilo, njengefibroids noma ama-polyps, zingavimba iqanda elikhulelwe ekuzinzeni esibelethweni. Izindonga zesibeletho ezincane kakhulu noma ezingazinzi zingase zingabi nomusa. Futhi, ukucindezeleka nokungadli kahle kungathinta kabi inzalo yonke.

Izindlela zokuphila, njengokubhema ngokweqile noma ukuphuza utshwala kakhulu, zingaphazamisa inzalo. Ukuqonda ukuthi ubuhlungu bokufakwa kwembungu buhlala isikhathi esingakanani kungase kungabi nendima uma indawo ingamukeleki. Ngakho ukugxila enhlalweni enhle yomzimba nengqondo kungakhuphula amathuba okuthi ukufakwa kwembungu kuphumelele.

Amathiphu Ezemphilo Okusekela Ukufakwa Kwembungu

Abanye bakhetha izindlela ezilula zokukhuthaza indawo enhle yesibeletho. Ukudla okulinganiselayo okunamavithamini namaminerali kungasiza. Iphrotheni eyanele, amafutha anempilo, namakhabhohayithi ayinkimbinkimbi kuyasiza. Ukuhlala unomsoco wamanzi kusekela ukujikeleza kwegazi. Ukuzivocavoca kancane nakho kungasiza, kodwa gwema ukuzikhandla ngokweqile okucindezela umzimba.

Izakhi ezithile, njenge-folic acid nensimbi, zamukelekile ngokuxhasa impilo yokuzala, kanti ubukhona bama-antioxidant athile bungavikela amaseli ekulimaleni. Abantu abakhathazeka ngokuthi ubuhlungu bokufakelwa iqanda buhlala isikhathi esingakanani bangathola ukuthi ukuzivocavoca okulinganiselayo noma izindlela zokuphumula kunganciphisa ukucindezeleka jikelele, okungasiza ngendlela engatheni.

Ukucindezeleka akulula ngaso sonke isikhathi ukukugwema, kodwa izindlela zokuphumula, kungaba i-yoga, ukuzindla, noma ukuhamba kancane, zinganciphisa ukuguquguquka kwamahomoni. Ukulala kahle nakho kubalulekile [8]. Kwesinye isikhathi, izinyathelo ezincane zikhiqiza imiphumela eqoqekayo eholela endaweni engcono kakhulu yokufakelwa iqanda.

Ukugcina Umgqigqo Wesibeletho Onempilo

Abantu abazibuza ukuthi kufakelwa iqanda kushesha kangakanani bangase babe nolunye ushintsho mayelana nesimo somgqigqo wesibeletho sabo. Umgqigqo olungiselelwe kahle (endometrium) ubalulekile ukuze iqanda elichumile likwazi ukunamathela. I-Estrogen isiza ukushuba lo mgqigqo, kanti i-progesterone iyawuzinzisa. Uma kuba nokungalingani kwamahomoni, lo mgqigqo ungase ube mncane kakhulu noma wehle ngaphambi kwesikhathi.

Ukugeleza kwegazi nakho kubalulekile. Ukujikeleza okuhle kuqinisekisa ukuthi izakhi zokudla zifika lapho ezidingeka khona. Ezinye iziqondiso zokuzuza inzalo zisho i-L-arginine noma amavithamini athile asiza ukugcina impilo yesibeletho. Uma izimo esibelethweni zingekho sezingeni, ngisho nembungu ephelele ingase ibhekane nobunzima bokunamathisela.

Umgqigqo wesibeletho onempilo unganciphisa ukudideka mayelana nokuthi kufakelwa iqanda kuzizwa kanjani noma umuntu akuchaza kanjani ukubonakala okuthambile emzimbeni. Uma sekuphumelele, izinyathelo ezilandelayo ngokuvamile zihlanganisa imbungu ingena kakhulu odongeni lwesibeletho futhi umzimba uqala ukukhiqiza amahomoni amaningi ukuze ugcine ukukhulelwa.

Isifinyezo Esibalulekile

Abantu abaningi banentshisekelo ekutheni kufakelwa nini iqanda ngoba kuyisigaba esibalulekile ohambweni lokuya ekukhulelweni. Abanye bangase babone izimpawu ezincane, njengobuhlungu obuthambile noma ukopha okuncane, kodwa abanye bangase bangabi nazimpawu ezibonakalayo nhlobo. Ukucaca okukhulu ngokuvamile kuvela ekuhlolweni kokukhulelwa okwenziwa ngesikhathi esifanele ngemva kokuthi amahomoni enethuba lokwanda emzimbeni.

Le nqubo ingathonywa ukudla okufanele, ukucindezeleka, izimo zesibeletho, nokulinganisela kwamahomoni jikelele. Ukugcina indlela yokuphila enempilo, ukunaka isikhathi somjikelezo, nokubuka izinguquko ezincane kungasiza abantu baqaphele izimpawu zakuqala. Ukuqaphela ubuhlungu bokufakelwa iqanda noma izinguquko emzimbeni kungajabulisa, kodwa ukuqinisekisa ngenhlolovo yangempela kusiza ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ukunamathela kwembungu kwenzeke ngempumelelo.

Imibuzo ejwayelekile

Ubuhlungu bokufakelwa iqanda buhlala isikhathi esingakanani?

Angaba mafushane kakhulu. Ngezinye izikhathi athathe amahora ambalwa nje, noma abe usuku olulodwa cishe. Ngokuvamile awahlali isikhathi eside njengobuhlungu besikhathi sokuya esikhathini obugcwele.

Kudlula izinsuku ezingaki ngemuva kokuvuthwa kweqanda ngaphambi kokuba kube nokufakelwa iqanda?

Ngokuvamile kwenzeka cishe phakathi kwezinsuku eziyisithupha kuya kweziyishumi nambili ngemuva kokuvuthwa kweqanda. Isikhathi esiqondile siyahluka kuye ngomjikelezo womuntu ngamunye.

Ukufakelwa iqanda kungathatha isikhathi esingakanani?

Ngokuvamile awudluli ezinsukwini ezimbalwa nje uma iqanda elichumiswe selifikile endaweni yesibeletho. Imvamisa uba phakathi kosuku olulodwa kuya kwezintathu.

Umuzwa wamajaqamba okufakelwa iqanda uzwakala kanjani?

Angase azwakale njengokudonsa kancane noma ingcindezi emnene esiswini esingezansi. Awabuhlungu kakhulu njengamajaqamba ajwayelekile esikhathi sokuya esikhathini.

Izinkomba

1. Wilcox, A. J., Baird, D. D., & Weinberg, C. R. (1999). Isikhathi sokufakelwa kwe-conceptus nokulahlekelwa ukukhulelwa. The New England journal of medicine. Kutholakala ku: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10362823/
2. Lessey B. A. (2000). Ukumukela kwe-endometrium kanye nefesitha yokufakelwa kweqanda. Bailliere's best practice & research. Clinical obstetrics & gynaecology. Kutholakala ku: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11023799/
3. Baird, D. D., Weinberg, C. R., Wilcox, A. J., McConnaughey, D. R., Musey, P. I., & Collins, D. C. (1991). Ama-profayela amahomoni emijikelezweni yokukhulelwa kwemvelo ephelela ekulahlekelweni kokukhulelwa kwasekuqaleni okungaqaphelwanga. The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism. Kutholakala ku: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/2005203/
4. Murray, M. J., Meyer, W. R., Zaino, R. J., Lessey, B. A., Novotny, D. B., Ireland, K., Zeng, D., & Fritz, M. A. (2004). Ukuhlaziywa okubalulayo kokunemba, ukuphindeka, nokusetshenziswa kokwelashwa kwendlela yokumisa usuku lwe-endometrium ngokuhlolwa kwehistology kwabesifazane abakwazi ukukhulelwa kalula. Fertility and sterility. Kutholakala ku: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15136099/
5. Norwitz, E. R., Schust, D. J., & Fisher, S. J. (2001). Ukufakelwa kweqanda nokusinda kokukhulelwa kokuqala. The New England journal of medicine. Kutholakala ku: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11794174/
6. Cole L. A. (2010). Imisebenzi ye-biology ye-hCG namangqamuzana ahlobene ne-hCG. Reproductive biology and endocrinology. Kutholakala ku: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20735820/
7. Harville, E. W., Wilcox, A. J., Baird, D. D., & Weinberg, C. R. (2003). Ukopha kwesitho sangasese sowesifazane ekukhulelweni kokuqala kakhulu. Human reproduction (Oxford, England). Kutholakala ku: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12923154/
8. Croxatto H. B. (2002). IFizioloji yokuthuthwa kwama-gamete ne-embryo nge-fallopian tube. Reproductive biomedicine online. Kutholakala ku: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12470580/

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