Kuyini ukunyakaza kwesidoda nokuthi kuthinta kanjani ukuzala

Ngakho, uzama ukuba nomntwana? Ukuqonda ukunyakaza kwesidoda kungaba isinyathelo esikhulu. Lokho kubhekisela ekutheni isidoda siyakwazi yini ukubhukuda kahle. Leyo nhambo iyona edingekayo ukuze isidoda sikwazi ukufinyelela eqandeni. Izinkinga zokungazali zivame ukudalwa izinto ezifana nokunyakaza okuphansi kwesidoda. Uma isidoda singanyakazi kahle, kuba nzima kakhulu ukukhulelwa. Ake sicubungule kancane kabanzi ukuze siqonde ukuthi kuyini ukunyakaza kwesidoda nokuthi kudlala kanjani indima ekwenzeni umntwana.

Kuyini Ukunyakaza Kwesidoda?

Lapho ubuza ukuthi kuyini ukunyakaza kwesidoda, empeleni ubuza ukuthi isidoda siyakwazi yini “ukubhukuda” kahle. Yilokho nje! Ukunyakaza kwesidoda kubalulekile ngoba isidoda sidinga ukuhamba ibanga elide emzimbeni wesifazane ukuze sifinyelele eqandeni. Uma isidoda singabhukudi kahle, mancane amathuba okuthi sifinyelele lapho okufanele sifike khona. I-ukunyakaza kwesidoda empeleni kuwukwazi kwaso ukubhukuda siye phambili. Uma odokotela benza ukuhlaziywa kwesidoda, babheka futhi nenani eliphelele lamasidoda anyakazayo, elikhombisa ukuthi mangaki amasidoda esampuleni akwazi ngempela ukuhamba. Ukuningi kungcono, impela. Futhi uma uzibuza ukuthi kuyini inani eliphezulu lesidoda, ngokujwayelekile kusuke kungaphezu kwama-39 million wesidoda ngesinye sokuchama. Inani eliphezulu likhulisa amathuba, impela [1].

Kungani Ukunyakaza Kwesidoda Kubalulekile

Manje-ke, kungani lokhu “ukubhukuda” kubaluleke kangaka? Ngenxa yokuthi, ngokusobala nje, isidoda sidinga ukufinyelela eqandeni ukuze sisifake inhlanyelo. Lapho-ke ipheshenti lokunyakaza kwesidoda uma kufunwa ukukhulelwa lingena khona. Uma kunganele amasidoda anyakazayo, noma ubhekene nokunganyakazi (akukho nhambo nhlobo), kuba nzima kakhulu ukukhulelwa. Ngokuvamile, odokotela bafuna ukubona cishe u-40% wamasidoda anyakazayo ukuze kube namathuba amahle okukhulelwa, okuyikho esikubiza ngokuthi ukunyakaza kwesidoda okujwayelekile [2]. Kodwa ibanga lokunyakaza kwesidoda lingahluka ngokuya ngenhlalakahle yendoda, iminyaka yayo, nezinye izinto. Noma yini engaphansi kuka-40% ibhekwa njengokunyakaza okuphansi futhi ingathinta amathuba akho [3].

Yini Ebangela Ukunyakaza Okuphansi Kwesidoda?

Ngakho, yini ebangela ukunyakaza okuphansi kwesidoda? Kungaba izinto eziningi. Iminyaka ingesinye isici, kodwa nemikhuba yokuphila efana nokubhema, ukuphuza utshwala, nokudla okungelona elinempilo nakho kudlala indima enkulu. Izimo zempilo ezifana ne-varicocele noma izifo ezithinta izitho zokuzala zingaholela nasekuncipheni kokunyakaza kwamasidoda [4]. Futhi kwesinye isikhathi akuchazeki nje. Kuyacindezela, akunjalo? Kodwa yilokho okwenzeka empeleni. Noma kunokunyakaza okuphansi, lokho akusho ukuthi ithemba seliphelile.

Ukukhulelwa Ngokunyakaza Okuphansi Kwesidoda

Ukukhulelwa ngenkathi ukunyakaza kwesidoda kuphansi kusenzeka, kodwa kungase kuthathe isikhathi eside noma kudinge usizo lwezokwelapha. Noma ukunyakaza kuphansi, amanye amasidoda angase asakwazi ukuchumisa iqanda. Ukwelashwa kokuzala okufana nokufakwa kwesidoda esibelethweni (IUI) noma ukuzalelwa esitsheni (IVF) kungasiza kula macala [5]. Odokotela bavame ukuhlola inani eliphelele lesidoda elinyakazayo ukuze babone ukuthi mangaki amasidoda empela anyakazayo futhi bahlolisise amathuba okuchuma [6].

Indlela Yokuthuthukisa Ukunyakaza Kwesidoda

Ingabe ukunyakaza kwesidoda kungenziwa kungcono? Yebo, kungenzeka. Ukwenza ukunyakaza kwesidoda okujwayelekile kube ngcono kungenzeka ngokushintsha indlela yokuphila. Izinto ezifana nokuyeka ukubhema, ukunciphisa utshwala, nokudla ukudla okunempilo okucebe ngamavithamini afana ne-zinc, i-folic acid, ne-CoQ10 kungaletha umehluko [7]. Ukuzivocavoca nakho kubalulekile ukuze kukhuliswe amandla esidoda kanye nempilo yonke jikelele. Futhi, ungakhohlwa ukugwema ukufudumeza kakhulu izende—izinto ezifana namajakuzi ashisayo, amasauna, nezingubo eziqinile zingalimaza ukunyakaza kwesidoda [8].

Kulabo abafuna usizo olwengeziwe, kunokwelashwa okutholakalayo kokunyakaza okuphansi kwesidoda. Kwesinye isikhathi, odokotela batusa izithasiselo noma imithi, kodwa kwezinye izikhathi ukwelashwa kokuzala kube yindlela engcono kakhulu. Kuya ngesimo somuntu ngamunye, kodwa kuwufanele wonke umzamo ukuhlola zonke izinketho.

Izincazelo Zokunyakaza Kwesidoda

Ake sichaze eminye imigomo. Incazelo yokunyakaza kwesidoda wukuthi ikhono lesidoda lokunyakaza. Ngaphandle kokunyakaza okuhle, isidoda asikwazi ukudada siye eqandeni, bese ukuchumisa kwenzeka. Incazelo yokunyakaza kwesidoda imayelana nokuthi isidoda sihamba kanjani kahle, kungaba phambili, siyindilinga, noma singanyakazi nhlobo. Ukunyakaza okuqhubekayo kwesidoda kusho ukuthi isidoda siyadada siye phambili, okuyikho kanye okufunayo. Futhi ukunyakaza okuqhubekayo kubalulekile ngoba inani elikhulu lesidoda elikwazi ukudada emgqeni oqondile, likhuphula amathuba akho okuchuma [9].

Kodwa kwenzekani uma isidoda singanyakazi? Uma uzibuza ukuthi kusho ukuthini isidoda esinyakazayo, kumane nje kuyisidoda esihamba phambili. Igama elichaza isidoda esinyakazayo libhekisela kunoma yisiphi isidoda esikwaziyo ukunyakaza ngendlela ethile. Uma ukunyakaza okuqhubekayo nokunyakaza okuqondile kukhulu, kuba ngcono. Uma kungekho nhlobo ukunyakaza noma ukunyakaza kuphansi kakhulu, kuba nzima kakhulu ukukhulelwa ngokwemvelo [10].

Okubalulekile Ekugcineni

Ngakho, ngokufingqiwe, ukunyakaza kwesidoda kubaluleke kakhulu uma kukhulunywa ngokukhulelwa. Noma usaqala nje noma usuzame isikhathi eside, ukuqonda ukuthi kuyini ukunyakaza kwesidoda nokuthi kusebenza kanjani kungakusiza ngempela ukunquma izinyathelo ezilandelayo. Ukwandisa ukunyakaza ngokushintsha indlela yokuphila, izithasiselo, noma ukwelashwa kokuzala kungakunika ithuba elingcono lokuphumelela. Izinkinga zokuzala zingaba yinselele, kodwa kuhlala kunethemba uma unolwazi olufanele nesiqondiso esifanele.

Imibuzo evame ukubuzwa

Yini ukunyakaza kwesidoda okuvamile?

Ukunyakaza kwesidoda okuvamile kusho ukuthi u-40% noma ngaphezulu wesidoda esesampuleni yesidoda siyanyakaza.

Ingabe ukukhulelwa kungenzeka ngokunyakaza okuphansi kwesidoda?

Yebo, kodwa ukukhulelwa lapho ukunyakaza kwesidoda kuphansi kungase kube nzima kakhulu. Ukwelashwa kokungabi nenzalo kungasiza.

Yini ukubalwa kwesidoda okuphezulu?

Yini ukubalwa kwesidoda okuphezulu? Inani elingaphezu kwezidoda ezingu-39 million ngomlenze wesidoda oyedwa lithathwa njengeliphezulu.

Ukunyakaza kwesidoda kuhlolwa kanjani?

Ukunyakaza kwesidoda kuhlolwa ngokuhlaziywa kwesidoda (semen analysis) okulinganisa inani lesidoda sonke esinyakazayo nesilinganiso sokunyakaza kwesidoda.

Kusho ukuthini isidoda esinyakazayo?

Isidoda esinyakazayo yisidoda esikwazi ukuzihambela. Ukunyakaza kwesidoda kusho ukuthi sikwazi ukubhukuda siye eqandeni ukuze sisivundise.

Izikhombo

1. World Health Organization. (‎2010)‎. WHO laboratory manual for the examination and processing of human semen, 5th ed. World Health Organization. Available at: https://iris.who.int/handle/10665/44261
2. Trevor G. Cooper, Elizabeth Noonan, Sigrid von Eckardstein, Jacques Auger, H.W. Gordon Baker, Hermann M. Behre, Trine B. Haugen, Thinus Kruger, Christina Wang, Michael T. Mbizvo, Kirsten M. Vogelsong, Amazinga okubhekisela e-World Health Organization ezimeni zesidoda somuntu, Human Reproduction Update. Available at: https://academic.oup.com/humupd/article/16/3/231/639175
3. Agarwal A, Mulgund A, Hamada A, Chyatte MR. Umbono ohlukile ngokungazali kwabesilisa emhlabeni jikelele. Reprod Biol Endocrinol. Available at: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25928197/
4. Sharlip ID, Jarow JP, Belker AM, Lipshultz LI, Sigman M, Thomas AJ, Schlegel PN, Howards SS, Nehra A, Damewood MD, Overstreet JW, Sadovsky R. Izinqubomgomo zokusebenza ezinhle kakhulu zokungazali kwabesilisa. Fertil Steril. Available at: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12009338/
5. O'Flynn N. Ukuhlolwa nokwelashwa kwabantu abanezinkinga zokuzala: umhlahlandlela we-NICE. Br J Gen Pract. Available at: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3876144/
6. Esteves SC, Miyaoka R, Agarwal A. Ukuvuselelwa kokuhlolwa kwezokwelashwa komuntu wesilisa ongenayo inzalo. Clinics (Sao Paulo). Available at: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21655766/
7. Ferramosca A, Zara V. Ukudla Nokuzala Kwabesilisa: Umthelela wezondlo nama-antioxidant ekusebenzeni kwamandla esidoda. Int J Mol Sci. Available at: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35269682/
8. Homan GF, Davies M, Norman R. Umthelela wezinto zendlela yokuphila ekusebenzeni kokuzala kubantu ngokujwayelekile nakulabo abathola ukwelashwa kokungabi nabantwana: ukubuyekeza. Hum Reprod Update. Available at: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17208948/
9. Björndahl L, Söderlund I, Kvist U. Ukuhlolwa kwendlela yesinyathelo esisodwa yokufaka umbala i-eosin-nigrosin yokuhlola ukuphila kwesidoda somuntu. Hum Reprod. Available at: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12660276/
10. Kovac JR, Addai J, Smith RP, Coward RM, Lamb DJ, Lipshultz LI. Imiphumela yobudala obuthuthukile bobubaba ekuzaleni. Asian J Androl. Available at: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3854059/