Uyazibuza ukuthi i-EDD ekukhulelweni isho ukuthini?

I-EDD ekukhulelweni isho usuku olulinganiselwe lokulethwa, okuwusuku okungenzeka ingane yakho izozalwa ngalo. Igama lezokwelapha lalolu suku libizwa ngokuthi usuku olulinganiselwe lokubeletha (EDC). Igama elithi EDC estimated date of delivery livame ukusetshenziswa ezindaweni zezokwelapha ukubhekisela esikhathini okungenzeka kube yiso sokubeletha ngokususelwa emlandweni wokuya esikhathini nasekulinganiseni kombungu.

Kodwa umbuzo uthi, "ungakubala kanjani usuku lokukhulelwa" noma "ungakuthola kanjani ubudala bokukhulelwa?" Uma uzibuza ukuthi ubudala bokukhulelwa bubalwa kanjani, ngokujwayelekile kudinga ukusebenzisa usuku lokuqala lokuya esikhathini kwakho kokugcina njengesiqalo. Uyazibuza ukuthi ubala kanjani ubudala bokukhulelwa? Odokotela bavame ukuthembela ku-LMP noma ezivivinyweni zokuqala ze-ultrasound ukuze banikeze ukubala okunembile.

Usuku olulinganiselwe lokulethwa luwumgogodla obalulekile ekulandeleni ukukhulelwa kwakho nasekulungiseleleni ukufika kwengane yakho [1]. Ukubala usuku okulindeleke ngalo ukulethwa kuhlanganisa ukubheka izici ezahlukene, njengokuya esikhathini kokugcina (LMP) nobudala bokukhulelwa (GA).

Kulesi sihloko, sizoxoxa ngendlela ongabalwa ngayo i-EDC — usuku olulinganiselwe lokubeletha. Lesi sihloko siphinde sichaze nokubaluleka kwezinsuku zokulethwa ezilinganiselwe kowesifazane okhulelwe.

Ubudala Bokukhulelwa Buyini?

Ubudala bokukhulelwa (GA) bubhekisela ekutheni ukukhulelwa kuthathe isikhathi esingakanani, obulinganiswa ngamasonto [2]. Lesi sibalo siqala ngosuku lokuqala lokuya esikhathini kokugcina lukamama (LMP), hhayi ngosuku lwangempela lokukhulelwa. Ithayimlayini yesikhathi sokukhulelwa ibalulekile ngoba ikhombisa ubude bokukhulelwa kusukela emjikelezweni wokugcina wokuya esikhathini, inikeze izinga lokuhlola ukuthuthuka kombungu.

Ngokwemibiko ehlukahlukene, ukukhulelwa okumaphakathi kuthatha cishe amasonto angu-40 kusukela ku-LMP [3]. Ubudala bokukhulelwa ngokususelwa ku-LMP busetshenziswa ukubala ukuthi ukukhulelwa sekude kangakanani.

Odokotela basebenzisa ubudala bokukhulelwa ukuze balandelele ukuthuthuka kwengane futhi baluqhathanise namashadi okukhula ajwayelekile [4]. Isibonelo, odokotela bangasebenzisa ubudala bokukhulelwa obulinganiselwe njengereferensi lapho behlela ukuhlolwa okubalulekile kwangaphambi kokubeletha futhi behlola ukuthi ingane ikhula kahle yini.

Ukukhulelwa Kuthatha Isikhathi Eside Kangakanani?

Ukukhulelwa kuthatha cishe izinsuku ezingu-280 noma amasonto angu-40 kusukela osukwini lokuqala lokuya esikhathini kwakho kokugcina [3] futhi izimpawu zokukhulelwa zenyanga yokuqala. Nokho, lokhu akusona isiqinisekiso sokuthi ingane izozalwa ngalo suku oluqondwe ngokunembile.

Ngokwemibiko ehlukene, cishe u-5% kuphela wezingane ezizalwa ngosuku lwazo olulindelekile lokubeletha olubalwe nge-LMP [5].

Izifundo ezahlukene zikhombisa ukuthi usuku olubala njengezinsuku ezilindelekile zokukhulelwa wukulinganiselwa nje, futhi kujwayelekile ngokuphelele ukuthi izingane zizalwe ngaphambi noma ngemuva kosuku oluhleliwe lokuzalwa.

Izindlela Zokulinganisa Ubudala Bokukhulelwa

Kunezindlela eziningana zokuthola izimpawu zobudala bokukhulelwa kokukhulelwa. Lezi zifaka phakathi:

1. Ukubala kwe-LMP: Indlela ejwayelekile futhi elula kakhulu ukusebenzisa isibali sokukhulelwa esisekelwe ku-LMP. Ukuze uthole isonto lokukhulelwa, bala inani lamaviki nezinsuku kusukela osukwini lokuqala lwenyanga yokugcina yokuya esikhathini.
2. Isibali Sobudala Bokukhulelwa: Ungasebenzisa futhi isibali se-GA ukuze unqume ubudala bokukhulelwa [6]. Lokhu kungenziwa kubalwe ngosizo lwamathuluzi aku-inthanethi okubala ubudala bengane esesiswini, lapho ufaka usuku lwenyanga yakho yokugcina yokuya esikhathini ukuze uthole ukulinganiselwa kobudala bokukhulelwa.
3. Ukuhlolwa kwe-Ultrasound: Enye indlela yokubala ubudala bokukhulelwa wukuya ku-ultrasound, ikakhulukazi uma i-LMP ingaziwa noma ukuya esikhathini kungajwayelekile.

Ukuhlolwa kwe-ultrasound kokuqala izimpawu zekota yokuqala yokukhulelwa kungakunikeza usuku lokubeletha olunembe kakhudlwana nge-ultrasound. Lokhu kuhlolwa kulinganisa usayizi we-embryo noma i-fetus futhi kusiza ukubala ubudala bengane esesiswini ngokunembe kakhudlwana.

Ifomula Yokubala Usuku Olulindelekile Lokubeletha

Ifomula yosuku olulindelekile lokubeletha incike kwinyanga yokugcina yokuya esikhathini. UMthetho ka-Naegele uyindlela ejwayelekile kakhulu yokubala usuku olulindelekile lokubeletha [7]. Nansi indlela yokubala ubudala bokukhulelwa ngokulandela lo mthetho:

1. Qala ukubala ngosuku lokuqala lwenyanga yakho yokugcina yokuya esikhathini
2. Nezela unyaka owodwa ngosuku lwe-LMP
3. Bese ususa izinyanga ezintathu
4. Nezela izinsuku eziyisikhombisa kunombolo yokugcina.

Nansi isibonelo sokuchaza kabanzi ngoMthetho ka-Naegele. Ake sithi i-LMP yakho ibe ngomhlaka 1 January 2024:

• Nezela unyaka owodwa: 1 January 2025.
• Susa izinyanga ezintathu: 1 October 2024.
• Nezela izinsuku eziyisikhombisa: 8 October 2024.

Ngakho-ke, i-EDD yakho izoba ngu-8 October 2024. Le ndlela ijwayelekile kakhulu, kodwa kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi kuwukulinganiselwa futhi izinsuku zangempela zokubeletha zingahluka.

Kungashesha kangakanani ngemva kwe-EDD ukuthi ubelethe?

Iningi labesifazane abakhulelwe ababelethi ngosuku lwabo oluqondile lokubeletha. Ngisho noma sibheka imibiko, kuphela cishe u-5% wokukhulelwa okuphetha ngokubeletha ngosuku okulindeleke noma olubaliwe.

Iningi labesifazane liletha zingakapheli izinsuku ezimbili ezingu-7 ngaphambi noma ngemva kwe-EDD. Izingane ezizalwa zingakapheli amasonto angu-37 zibhekwa njengalezo ezizalwe ngaphambi kwesikhathi, kuyilapho lezo ezizalwa emva kwamasonto angu-42 zibhekwa njengezizalwa ngemva kwesikhathi [8].

Izinzuzo Zokwazi Usuku Olindelekile Lokubeletha

Ulwazi mayelana nosuku okulindeleke ukuthi ingane izalwe ngalo lunikeza umuzwa wokulungelelanisa nokuthula kwengqondo. Lusiza ukuhlela izikhathi zokuhlolwa kwangaphambi kokubeletha ezidingekayo nokulandela intuthuko yengane.

I-EDD ekukhulelweni isho ukuthi abazali bangakwazi ukuhlela ikhefu lokubeletha, balungise igumbi lengane, futhi baqoqe izinto ezisemqoka. Ngaphezu kwalokho, udokotela wakho usebenzisa lolu suku njengesethenjwa sokuqapha ukukhulelwa, ukubona noma yiziphi izinkinga ezingaba khona kusenesikhathi, nokuqinisekisa ukuzalwa okuphephile nokusesikhathini.

Okubalulekile Ekugcineni

Incazelo ye-EDD ekukhulelweni wusuku lapho kungenzeka kakhulu ukuthi owesifazane okhulelwe azalise ingane. Lolo suku lubalwa ngokwengeza amasonto angu-40 osukwini lokugcina lokuya esikhathini. Ngamazwi alula, i-EDD ekukhulelweni isho usuku lokubeletha olulinganiselwe, olusetshenziswa njengomhlahlandlela osizayo wokuqapha intuthuko yengane kanye nokulungiselela ukuzalwa.

Kuyasiza ukukhumbula ukuthi i-EDC — estimated date of confinement — iyashintshaniswa negama elithi usuku okulindeleke ukuthi ubelethe futhi iyigama elibalulekile ekunakekelweni kwangaphambi kokubeletha. Nokho, iningi labesifazane abakhulelwe abaleli ngosuku ababellindele. Kuphela ngo-5% kokubeletha okwenzeka osukwini noma esikhathini sokukhulelwa esibalwe. Siyazi ukuthi lolu suku akulona uqinisekiso, kodwa lusiza abazali ukuhlela izinyathelo ezibalulekile zokubeletha, njengokuhlolelwa kwangaphambi kokubeletha.

Imithombo esetshenzisiwe

1. Edwards, K. I., & Itzhak, P. (2022, October 24). Usuku Olulinganiselwe Lokubeletha. StatPearls - NCBI Bookshelf. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK536986/ 
2. Naidu, K., & Fredlund, K. L. (2023, July 24). Ukuhlolwa kobudala bokukhulelwa. StatPearls - NCBI Bookshelf. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK526000/ 
3. InformedHealth.org [Internet]. Uma usuku okulindeleke ukuthi usana luzalwe seludlulile. [Updated 2022 Oct 20]. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK279571/ 
4. Grantz, K. L. (2021). Fetal Growth Curves: Ingabe kukhona inkomba eyamukelwa umhlaba wonke? Obstetrics and Gynecology Clinics of North America, 48(2), 281. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ogc.2021.02.003 
5. Estimating Your Due Date. (2023, March 19). WebMD. https://www.webmd.com/women/estimate-due-date 
6. UpToDate. (n.d.-c). UpToDate. https://www.uptodate.com/contents/calculator-estimated-date-of-delivery-edd-patient-education 
7. Due Date Calculator. (n.d.). Stanford Medicine Children’s Health. https://www.stanfordchildrens.org/en/topic/default?id=due-date-calculator-41-DueDateCalc 
8. Fayed, A., Wahabi, H. A., Esmaeil, S., Elmorshedy, H., & AlAniezy, H. (2022). Izingane ezizalwe ngaphambi kwesikhathi, ezizalwa ekuqaleni kwesikhathi, nezizalwa ngemva kwesikhathi ocwaningweni lweqoqo lwezingane namakhosikazi aseRiyadh emitholampilo eminingi: Iphrofayili yeqoqo. Frontiers in Public Health, 10. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2022.928037