Ukuphuma koketshezi olunamanzi ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa: Umhlahlandlela ophelele

Ukukhulelwa kuletha izinguquko eziningi zomzimba, eziningi zazo ezivele ngokuguquka koketshezi lwangasese. Uhlobo, ukuthungwa, nenani loketshezi kungaguquka kusuka esigabeni esisodwa sokukhulelwa kuya kwesinye. Kubanye abantu, uketshezi olusha noma olungajwayelekile luvusa imibuzo eminingi, kuhlanganise nalena ethi, Ingabe uketshezi uphawu lokukhulelwa? Empeleni, ukuguquka koketshezi lwangasese kuvame ukuvela njengenye yezimpawu zokuqala, okuholela ezingxoxweni mayelana nezimpawu zokukhulelwa ezibonakala ngoketshezi. Ukuphuma koketshezi okufana namanzi ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa kungenye yalezo zinguquko ezingavela futhi kuvame ukubhekwa njengokuvamile. Ngokuhlola amaphethini ajwayelekile esigabeni ngasinye sokukhulelwa nokubhekana nokungajwayelekile okungenzeka, abantu abakhulelwe bangathola ukuqonda okucacile kwalokho okujwayelekile—nalokho okungase kudinge umbono wezokwelapha.

Kungani Uketshezi Lwangasese Luguquka Ngesikhathi Sokukhulelwa

Ukugeleza kwegazi okwandile namazinga amahomoni anyukile kuhambisa izinguquko eziningi zomzimba ezizwayo. Njengoba i-estrogen ne-progesterone kukhuphuka ukweseka umbungu okhula, izicubu zangasese ziya ziguquka, okungenza uketshezi lube luningi. Lo mkhuba ugcizelela izimpawu zokuqala zokuphuma uketshezi ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, kanye nezinguquko zakamuva ezenzeka njengoba ukukhulelwa kuqhubeka. Kodwa kulabo abasanda kuthola ukuthi bakhulelwe, umbuzo ovame ukuvela uthi: ukuphuma uketshezi ekuqaleni kokukhulelwa kubukeka kanjani?

Emavikini okuqala, ukukhuphuka kwamazinga amahomoni kuvame ukudala uketshezi oluncane noma olufana nobisi. Abanye abantu bachaza ukuphuma koketshezi okucacile okunjengejele ekuqaleni kokukhulelwa okungase kubonakale kuwugqinsi kancane kunalokhu abakubonile ngaphambi kokukhulelwa. Lezi zinguquko ngokuvamile zibonisa impendulo yemvelo yomzimba yokuvikela isibeletho ekuthelelekeni nokugcina indawo efanelekile yokukhula komntwana okhula esibelethweni [1].

Ukuhlola Amaviki Okuqala: Ukuqala Komjikelezo Omutsha

Kubantu abaningi, isigaba sokuqala sihlanganisa izinguquko ezincane ekuthintweni noma kumphunga, ezivulela ingxoxo eyengeziwe yokuthi umzimba uzivumelanisa kanjani. Kanye nobuhlungu besifuba kanye nokucindezeleka okuncane, ukukhulelwa kokuqala nokuphuma koketshezi okucwebile njengamanzi ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa kungavela ngenxa yokwanda kwamazinga e-estrogen, okukhuthaza ukukhiqizwa okukhulu koketshezi lwesibeletho. Abanye abantu bayazibuza ngokuphuma koketshezi okufana namanzi ekuqaleni kokukhulelwa, iphethini engase ibonakale ivamile kakhulu kunalokho ababekulindele.

Ngalesi sikhathi sokwakheka, kubalulekile futhi ukwehlukanisa izinguquko ezijwayelekile nezingase zibonise ukungalingani. Nakuba ukuguquka okuncane kombala kungaba kujwayelekile, iphunga elibi ngokweqile noma ukulunywa okuhambisana nakho kudinga iseluleko sezokwelashwa. Ngokuhlala ulalele izinguquko zansuku zonke, abazali abalindele ingane bangazethemba kakhulu izimpawu zomzimba wabo [2].

Ukuya Esigabeni Sesibili Sokukhulelwa: Ukudlulela Ngokuthambile

Ngenkathi ukukhulelwa kuqhubekela esigabeni esilandelayo, ibhalansi yangaphakathi yomzimba iyashintsha futhi. Abanye baye bazwe uketshezi olumhlophe esithweni sangasese ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa esigabeni sesibili esuzwakala lujiyile kunoketshezi abebekubona ngaphambili. I-progesterone iyaqhubeka nokwanda kulesi sigaba, igcina udonga lwesibeletho futhi ivame ukuthinta ukuthi uketshezi lube njani. Ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, uketshezi lwesitho sangasese lungahluka ngobunjalo nangokubukeka, kanti abanye bangabona ngisho nezinguquko ezifanayo noketshezi olunothayela nolufana namanzana, okungase kubonise ukushintsha kwamahomoni noma izinguquko ezijwayelekile kuketshezi lomlomo wesibeletho.

Amazinga wamandla angase athuthuke kulezi zinsuku, nesicanucanu sinciphile, kodwa ukuphuma uketshezi kuvame ukuhlala kuphezulu kancane uma kuqhathaniswa nesikhathi sangaphambi kokukhulelwa. Okubalulekile wukubonisa ukuthi umbala noma iphunga kusalokhu kungaphakathi kwemingcele ejwayelekile. Njengoba umzimba usuqinisekise indawo ezinzile yengane esibelethweni ngalesi sikhathi, izinguquko azisabibikho kakhulu njengasekuqaleni kokukhulelwa. Noma kunjalo, ukuqapha kusasiza, ngoba izifo zingakakhiwa.

Ukuphelela Kokuthuthuka: Ukuhamba Esigabeni Sokugcina Sokukhulelwa

Lapho usondela esigabeni sokugcina, umzimba ulungiselela ukuqalwa kwezinkinga zokubeletha nokubeletha, okudala imibuzo eqhubekayo mayelana nokuphuma uketshezi esigabeni sesithathu sokukhulelwa. Amahomoni ahlela ukuthamba kwezicubu zomlomo wesibeletho, okungaholela ekwandeni kokuphuma uketshezi. Kujwayelekile ukuthi kubonakale uketshezi oluningi, okwenza abanye bakubize ngokuthi uketshezi esigabeni sokugcina sokukhulelwa. Umlomo wesibeletho ulungiselela ukwanda (dilation), futhi iplagi ye-mucus—ukuqoqana koketshezi okuvimba umsele womlomo wesibeletho—ingaqala ukuxega.

Emasontweni athile, kungavela amaphethini ahlukile. Abanye abantu babika ukuphuma uketshezi olumhlophe ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa amasonto angu-38 ngobuningi obukhulu. Abanye bisho ukuthi amasonto angu-39 bekhulelwe banokuphuma uketshezi olumhlophe olufana nobisi noma olumhlophe olunobisi ngaphambi kokuba kube nokuya esikhathini sokuqaqamba. Lokhu okuqaphelwayo kuvame ukubonisa ukwanda kwamazinga amahomoni okujwayelekile. Uma iplagi ye-mucus ikhipha ngqo ndawonye, ingabukeka njengeqoqo elijiyile, kwesinye isikhathi kube nemicu yegazi.

Ukucatshangelwa Kwezinhlobonhlobo Zombala: Kusukela Kumpinki Kuye Koluhlaza

Kuyinto evamile ukuzibuza, “Uthini umbala woketshezi oluphuma ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa?” ngoba lolu ketshezi lungaba nemibala eminingi ehlukahlukene. Ngokuvamile, umbala omhlophe ofana nobisi noma ocacile ubonisa ibhalansi ejwayelekile, ikakhulukazi maphakathi nasekupheleni kokukhulelwa. Nokho, ngezinye izikhathi umuntu angabona uketshezi olunombala opinki ngesikhathi ekhulelwe. Imigqa emincane yombala opinki, ebizwa nangokuthi uketshezi olunesithunzi esipinki ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, ingavela ngemva kokuhlolwa kwentamo yesibeletho noma ngemva kokwenza ucansi, njengoba intamo yesibeletho iba buthakathaka futhi izwe kalula.

Olunye uhlangothi lombala luhilela imibuzo ngokuthi kusho ukuthini uketshezi oluhlaza ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa. Ngokuvamile, uketshezi olunombala oluhlaza noma oluhlaza okusanhlamvu lukhombisa ukuthi kungase kube khona ukutheleleka noma ukungalingani kwamagciwane, okudinga ukuhlolwa ngokushesha nguchwepheshe wezempilo. Nakuba uketshezi oluhlaza ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa lungase lungavami ekukhulelweni okunempilo, kubalulekile ukuthi ungakunaki noma yiziphi izinguquko ezihlukile kakhulu kokujwayelekile. Ukungenelela ngesikhathi kungagcina kokubili ukunethezeka kukamama nempilo enhle yengane esesibelethweni. [3].

Amaquqhu Amakhulu Nokwakheka Okufana Nejeli

Ezigabeni ezahlukene zokukhulelwa, abanye abantu bangatholana nezithukuthezi lapho bebona iqoqo elikhulu loketshezi olucacile olufana nejeli liphuma esithweni sangasese ngesikhathi bekhulelwe. Lokhu kungasho ukukhishwa noma ukuhoxiswa ngokwengxenye kwe-mucus plug. Lesi sakhiwo esivikelayo sisebenza ngokuthi sivalela isibeletho ukuze singangeni amagciwane avela ngaphandle. Ukuphuma kwe-mucus plug kungenzeka kancane kancane noma kuphume kube yisigameko esisodwa.

Ukuvela kwenhlama efana nejeli kuvame ukukhombisa izinguquko entanyeni yesibeletho noma ukusondela kwesikhathi sokubeletha, nakuba kungase kwenzeke amasonto ambalwa ngaphambi kokuba kubeletho ngempela kuqale. Ukunaka ezinye izimpawu—ezifana nokubanjwa yizinhlungu zesisu, umhlane obuhlungu, noma ukuvuza kolwelo oludlula uketshezi olujwayelekile—kusiza ukuhlukanisa phakathi kokulungiselela okuvamile komzimba nezimpawu zokuqala zokubeletha.

Imithunzi Yombala Ophuzi: Ukuqaphela Ezinye Izithunzi Zombala

Ngezinye izikhathi, abantu abakhulelwe bangathola ukumangala ngendlela yokuphuma uketshezi olunombala ophuzi ngesikhathi bekhulelwe noma uketshezi oluncane olufana namanzi ngesikhathi bekhulelwe. Uma lungahambisani nephunga elibi noma ukucasuka, lokhu kungaba ngenxa yokusebenza okuvamile kwamahomoni emzimbeni. Ngezinye izikhathi, amavithamini noma indlela yokudla inganika lolu ketshezi umbala ophuzi kancane. Uma kukhulunywa ngokuphuma uketshezi oluphuzi olungenaphunga ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa noma uketshezi oluphuzayo ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, kuwusizo ukululandelela njalo ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi luhlala lulingene.

Ngezinye izikhathi okubizwa ngokuthi uketshezi oluphuzi ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, ukuguquka kombala okuncane kuphela kungase kungabi yisizathu sokukhathazeka, kodwa uma kuvela ukuqhela noma ukushisa, kuwukuhlakanipha ukufuna iseluleko sezokwelashwa. Ukushintsha kube umbala ophuzi okhanyayo noma oluhlaza kungase kubonise ukutheleleka, okwenza kubaluleke kakhulu ukubonana nochwepheshe. Ukuqaphela nokubika ngesikhathi kungavimbela izinkinga ezingase zithinte bobabili umama nengane.

Ukuqaphela Amathuba Okuqala Nokunikeza Isiqiniseko Sokukhulelwa

Izimpawu zomzimba zivame ukwenza omama abangase babe khona bazibuze, Ingabe uketshezi kuwuphawu lokukhulelwa? Kubaningi, ukwanda koketshezi noma ukushintsha kwencibilikiso yakho kungaba wuphawu lokuthi sekuyisikhathi sokuhlolwa ekhaya. Empeleni, lesi simo esaziwa ngokuthi i-leukorrhea—uketshezi oluncane, olumhlophe olufana nobisi—sivame ukwanda ekuqaleni njengokuzivumelanisa kokuqala nomzimba okhulelwe. Kulabo abananaka kakhulu, uketshezi olucacile olufana nejeli ekuqaleni kokukhulelwa lungabonakala luhluke kakhulu uma luqhathaniswa nemijikelezo ngaphambi kokukhulelwa.

Nokho, uketshezi kuphela akusona ubufakazi obuphelele bokukhulelwa. Ukuhlolwa ekhaya noma ukuhlolwa kochwepheshe kusalokhu kuyindlela engcono yokuqinisekisa. Kulabo abazibuza ukuthi izimpawu zabo zikhombisa ukukhulelwa yini, ukusebenzisa ukuhlolwa kwekhaya okuthembekile njengokuthi i-Conceive Plus Ukuhlolwa Kokukhulelwa kunganikeza imiphumela esheshayo enembile, ngisho kusenesikhathi esingaba yizinsuku eziyisithupha ngaphambi kokuphuthelwa kokuya esikhathini. Ngemva kokuqinisekisa ukukhulelwa, kuba usizo ukufunda ngamaphethini avamile kuzo zonke izigaba ezintathu zokukhulelwa, ukuze ulungiselele ukuguquguquka okuvamile futhi ukwazi ukubona ngokushesha izimpawu eziyisixwayiso [4].

Ukulawula Ukungakhululeki Okuvamile Nokulandelela Izinguquko

Yize uketshezi oluvamile lusiza ukuvikela umgudu wokuzala kumagciwane, umswakama owedlulele kwesinye isikhathi ubangela ukungakhululeki emzimbeni. Izinyathelo ezilula ezifana nokugqoka izingubo zangaphansi zekhothoni eziphefumulayo, ukushintsha ama-liner kaningi, nokugcina inhlanzeko enhle zinganciphisa ukucasuka. Ukusebenzisa izinsipho ezithambile, ezingenaphunga kanye nokugwema i-douching nakho kusiza ukugcina ibhalansi yemvelo ye-flora yesitho sangasese sowesifazane.

Ukugcina idayari yezinto ozibona nsuku zonke, ikakhulukazi kulabo abathambekele ezifweni zokutheleleka noma abanokukhulelwa okuyingozi, kungaba usizo olukhulu. Ngokubhala phansi izinguquko kumbala, emunukweni noma ekubumbaneni koketshezi, umuntu angabona amaphethini kusenesikhathi futhi azise abasebenzi bezempilo ngezikhathi eziqondile. Le ndlela isiza ukuhlukanisa izinguquko ezijwayelekile, njengokukhishwa koketshezi esigabeni sesithathu sokukhulelwa, nezimpawu ezidinga ukuhlolwa okwengeziwe.

Imininingwane Yokukhulelwa Kwezinsuku Zokugcina Nesikhathi Sokuqala Kobuhlungu Bokubeletha

Emasontweni okugcina, imibuzo mayelana nokukhishwa koketshezi esigabeni sokugcina sokukhulelwa iyanda. Abanye besifazane bayazibuza ukuthi ukuthola uketshezi oluningi kusho ukuthi ukubeletha sekuseduze yini. Nakuba ukwanda kakhulu koketshezi kungabonisa ukuthi umzimba uyazilungiselela ukuzala, akusho njalo ukuthi ukubeletha sekuqalile. Uketshezi lwesitho sangasese ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa esigabeni sesithathu lungaba nombala omhlophe noma ubisi futhi luhlale lunjalo kuze kuqale ukubeletha kwangempela.

Lapho ususondele ekupheleni kwesikhathi sokukhulelwa, umzimba uvame ukukhiqiza uketshezi olwengeziwe ukuze usize ekuthambiseni umlomo wesibeletho. Abantu ababona imichotho emincane eqhubekayo noma ukopha okuncane bangakuchaza lokhu njenge “bloody show,” okuwuphawu lokuthi ukubeletha kungase kube sezinsukwini noma emahoreni ambalwa azayo. Okubalulekile wukubona uphawu ngalunye esimeni salo, ngoba akuwona wonke amafinyila akhishwa umzimba asho ukuthi ukubeletha sekuqalile.

Ukuxhumana Nochwepheshe Bezempilo

Ukuhlolwa kokubeletha okuvamile kubalulekile ekuqinisekiseni impilo kanina nengane esesibelethweni. Noma nini lapho kuvela ushintsho olukhulu kumbala, ebusweni noma emunukweni woketshezi, kuwusizo ukukusho kudokotela noma kumbelethisi. Isibonelo, ukuxoxa ngokubonakala okusha koketshezi oluphuzi ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa noma umbala opinki ongajwayelekile kungasiza ochwepheshe banqume ukuthi kudingeka yini olunye ukuhlolwa.

Uma ukuhlolwa kwezokwelapha kukhombisa ukuthi akukho ukutheleleka, abahlinzeki bezempilo banganikeza amasu okwandisa induduzo nokugcina inhlanzeko yansuku zonke. Uma kutholakala inkinga ethile, ukungenelela kusenesikhathi kuvame ukuholela ekwelashweni okulula nasekunciphiseni izinkinga. Ngokuxoxa ngobuqotho, izinkinga ezingase zivele zingaxazululwa zisencane, okunikela ngohambo lokukhulelwa oluhamba kahle. [5].

Ukucabanga Ngobubanzi Bezinto Ezijwayelekile

Ukubona izinguquko ekukhishweni koketshezi phakathi nezinyanga kugcizelela indlela ukukhulelwa okuguquguquka ngayo. Isigaba ngasinye sezinyanga ezintathu siletha amazinga amahomoni ashintshayo kanye nokuthuthuka komzimba, konke lokho okungase kuvele njengamaphethini okuhlukahlukene oketshezi. Kusukela ekuphumeleleni uketshezi olumpunga oluncane okuxubene negazi ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa ngemva kokwabelana ucansi kuye ekuboneni ingxube enkulu efana nejeli elicacile emasontweni okuqala ukubeletha, lezi zenzakalo zivame ukuhambisana nezinyathelo zokuzivikela ezakhelwe emzimbeni.

Uma kwenzeka ngezikhathi ezingajwayelekile ukuthi kube khona okukhathazayo—njengokulunywa okukhulu noma ubuhlungu obubonakalayo—okuhambisana noshintsho koketshezi, kunconywa kakhulu ukuba uthole usizo lochwepheshe. Kodwa iningi lezikhathi, ukwanda koketshezi kubonisa inqubekela phambili enempilo. Ukududuzeka kuvame ukuvela ekuboneni ukuthi, ezimweni eziningi, umzimba uyalungela futhi uzivumelanisa nezidingo ezintsha.

Okufingqiwe

Ngemva kokuhlola izinhlobo ezahlukene zoketshezi kuzo zonke izigaba, kuba sobala ukuthi uketshezi oluwuketshezi kakhulu ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa luyingxenye yobubanzi obubanzi bezinguquko ezijwayelekile. Ngokuhlale uqaphela imininingwane emincane nokubambisana nochwepheshe abathembekile bezokwelapha, abazali abakulindele bangazizwa benokuzethemba okukhulu, bazi lokho abangakulindela njengoba besondela ekwamukeleni ingane yabo entsha.

Ngenkathi izingxoxo eziningi zigxila ezimpawini zokuqala, sonke isikhathi kusukela ekukhulelweni kuze kube ukubeletha sihlanganisa ukuhlehla nokuhleleka kabusha njalo koketshezi lwesitho sangasese sowesifazane. Umehluko phakathi kokuguquguquka okuvamile nokuveza ukukhathazeka uncike ekubhekeni nasekufundeni. Ukuphendula imibuzo esele—enjengokuthi uketshezi oluluhlaza okotshani ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa noma umbuzo othi Ingabe uketshezi olunombala opinki ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa lukhomba ukuthi sekusondele isikhathi sokubeletha?—kusiza abazali abakulindele ukuba bahambe ngokuzethemba esigabeni ngasinye sokukhulelwa. Ukugcina ukuxhumana okuhle nochwepheshe bezempilo nokwamukela imikhuba enempilo kuvame ukwanele ukuze kube nolwazi lokukhulelwa olunethezekile.

Izinkomba

1. Huggins GR, Preti G. Izingxubekayo eziguqukayo ekwakhekeni koketshezi lwesitho sangasese sowesifazane somuntu. Am J Obstet Gynecol. Kutholakala ku: https://www.ajog.org/article/0002-9378(76)90477-4/abstract
2. Bauman JE, Kolodny RC, Webster SK. Ama-asidi emvelo esithweni sangasese sowesifazane nezinguquko zama-hormone emjikelezweni wokuya esikhathini. Fertil Steril. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0015028216466379
3. Khaskheli M, Baloch S, Baloch AS, Shah SGS. Ukuphuma koketshezi esithweni sangasese sowesifazane ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa nemiphumela emibi ehambisanayo kumama nasengane esezalwa. Pak J Med Sci. 2021 Septhemba-Okthoba;37(5):1302-1308. doi: 10.12669/pjms.37.5.4187. PMID: 34475902; PMCID: PMC8377920.
4. Watson K, Angelotta C. Izinga lokutholakala kokukhulelwa kuzo zonke izigaba zokukhulelwa nemiphumela yalo e-United States. Perspect Sex Reprod Health. 2022 Juni;54(2):32-37. doi: 10.1363/psrh.12192. Epub 16 Meyi 2022. PMID: 35576053; PMCID: PMC9321827.
5. Institute of Medicine (US) IKomidi ngemiphumela yokungabi nomshuwalense. Umshuwalense Wezempilo Udaba Lomndeni. Washington (DC): National Academies Press (US); 2002. 6, Imiphumela ehlobene nempilo yezingane, abesifazane abakhulelwe, nezingane ezisanda kuzalwa. Kutholakala ku: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK221019/