Ingabe ukuphuma kwegazi okuncane ngaphambi kokuya esikhathini kujwayelekile, futhi ingabe kubhekwa njengokuqala komjikelezo wakho?

Ukopha okuncane ngaphambi kokuya esikhathini kuwukuthile cishe bonke abesifazane asebekuke bakuzwa esikhathini esithile. Kungamangaza futhi kukhathaze uma ungazi ukuthi kwenzekani. Akusona isikhathi esiphelele sokuya esikhathini, kodwa futhi akulona into elula ukuyichaza ukuthi isho ukuthini. Kwabesifazane abazama ukukhulelwa noma abalandela imijikelezo yabo ngokucophelela, ukopha okuncane kungadala ukudideka. Pho, kuchaza ini ngempela? Ingabe kuyinto ejwayelekile, noma kubonisa inkinga? Ukuze siphendule le mibuzo, ake sicubungule ukuthi kungani kwenzeka ukopha okuncane, imiphumela yakho, nokuthi nini okufanele ukunake kakhulu konke lokhu.

Okugqamile

• Ukopha okuncane kuwukopha okuncane kwasesithweni sangasese sowesifazane okwenzeka ngaphandle kwesikhathi sakho sokuya esikhathini, okuvame ukubangelwa izinguquko zamahomoni, i-ovulation, noma ukufakelwa kombungu (implantation).
• Ukopha okuncane kwehluke esikhathini esiphelele, ngoba kulula, kufushane, futhi akumaki ukuqala komjikelezo wakho wokuya esikhathini.
• Ukopha kokufakelwa (implantation bleeding), uhlobo lokopha okuncane, kungabonisa ukukhulelwa kokuqala futhi kuvame ukudidaniswa nesikhathi sokuya esikhathini.
• Ukopha okuncane okuqhubekayo noma okungajwayelekile kungase kube uphawu lwezinkinga zempilo ezinjenge-fibroids, ama-polyps, noma izifo zokutheleleka futhi kudinga ukuhlolwa kodokotela.
• Ukulawula ukopha okuncane kuhilela ukulandelela imijikelezo, ukugcina ibhalansi yamahomoni ngezakhi njengama-Vitamin B6 ne-Zinc, nokusebenzisa izithasiselo ezeseka ukuzala njengama-Folic Acid ne-CoQ10.

Yini Ukopha Okuncane Ngaphambi Kokuya Esikhathini?

Ukopha okuncane kubhekisela ekuphumeni kwegazi okuncane okwenzeka ngaphandle kwesikhathi sakho esijwayelekile sokuya esikhathini. Ngokungafani nesikhathi esiphelele, ukopha okuncane akusinzima futhi kuvame ukubonakala njengegazi elipinki elikhanyayo, elinsundu, noma elibomvu mnyama ngaphambi kokuya esikhathini. Kungaba kuncane kangangokuthi ukubona kuphela uma uzisula ngemva kokusebenzisa indlu yangasese noma njengedabula elincane kwimpahla yangaphansi. Kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi ukopha okuncane akusho ngaso sonke isikhathi ukuthi kukhona okungahambi kahle. Abesifazane abaningi bahlala bebona ukopha okuncane njalo, kodwa ukuqonda ukuthi yini okubangela lokho kungakunika ukuthula kwengqondo noma kukusize ubone izinkinga ezingaba khona zisasekuqaleni [1].

Ukopha okuncane kuvame ukuveza imibuzo enjengokuthi, ingabe ukopha okuncane kubhekwa njengokuya esikhathini noma ingabe ukopha okuncane kubhekwa njengokuya esikhathini? Impendulo elula ithi cha. Ukopha okuncane ngokuvamile akubhekwa njengokuya esikhathini ngoba akunawo umthamo nokungaguquguquki kokuphuma kwegazi okuphelele kokuya esikhathini. Ukwazi lo mehluko kuyakwazi ukusiza, ikakhulukazi uma ulandela umjikelezo wakho ngenhloso yokukhulelwa.

Kungani Kwehla Igazi Okuncane Ngaphambi Kokuya Esikhathini?

Kunezizathu eziningi ezenza ukuthi abesifazane bahlangabezane nokopha ngaphambi kwesikhathi sabo sokuya esikhathini noma ukopha ngaphambi kokuya esikhathini. Kwesinye isikhathi, izimbangela zijwayelekile ngokuphelele futhi zihlobene nenqubo zemvelo zomzimba, kanti kwezinye izikhathi, ukopha okuncane kungase kubonise inkinga engaphansi edinga ukunakwa [2].

Ukungalingani Kwamahomoni

Ukungalingani kwamahomoni kungesinye sezizathu ezivame kakhulu zokopha kusenesikhathi phakathi nomjikelezo wakho wokuya esikhathini. I\-estrogen ne\-progesterone, amahomoni amabili amakhulu alawula umjikelezo wakho wokuya esikhathini, adinga ukuhlala elinganiselwe. Uma noma yiliphi ihomoni liphezulu kakhulu noma liphansi kakhulu, lingabangela ukopha kusenesikhathi ngaphambi kokuba uye esikhathini. Ingcindezi, izinguquko ezisheshayo esisindweni, noma izimo ezifana ne\-polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) zingafaka isandla ekungalinganini kwamahomoni. Uma uqaphele ukopha okuncane ngaphambi kokuba uye esikhathini imijikelezo eminingana ilandelana, kungenzeka sekuyisikhathi sokunaka amaphethini angase avele noma izimbangela ezingaphakathi.

Ukopha Ngesikhathi Sokuvuthwa Kweqanda

Ngesikhathi sokuvuthwa kweqanda, abanye besifazane baphawula ukopha okuncane ngaphambi kwesikhathi abebekulindele sokuya esikhathini. Lokhu kwenzeka ngoba ukuguquguquka kwamahomoni kubangela ukukhululwa kweqanda. Kujwayelekile futhi ngokuvamile akukhathazi. Abanye besifazane baphinde bazwe amahlule amancane noma ukwanda koketshezi lwezibele kuthando lwesibeletho ngalesi sikhathi. Ukopha okuncane eduze nesikhathi sokuvuthwa kweqanda kuvame ukuhlala usuku olulodwa noma amabili [3].

Ukopha Kokufakwa Kwembungu

Kwabesifazane abazama ukukhulelwa, ukopha okuncane ngaphambi kokuba uye esikhathini kungase kube uphawu oluhle. Ukopha kokufakwa kwembungu kwenzeka lapho iqanda elichumile linamathisela odongeni lwesibeletho. Lokhu kungabangela ukopha okubomvu okuphinki ngaphambi kokuba uye esikhathini noma ukopha okuncane ngaphambi kwesikhathi. Ngokungafani nesikhathi esigcwele sokuya esikhathini, lolu hlobo lokopha luvame ukuba luncane kakhulu futhi lube lifushane, luvame ukungadluli ezinsukwini ezimbili.

Ingabe Ungakopha Okuncane Ngaphambi Kokuba Uye Esikhathini Kodwa Usakhulelwe?

Abesifazane abaningi babuza ukuthi, ingabe kungenzeka ukopha okuncane ngaphambi kokuba uye esikhathini kodwa usaba ukhulelwe? Impendulo ithi yebo. Ukopha kokufakwa kwembungu, okwenzeka ekuqaleni kokukhulelwa, kuvame ukudidaniswa nokopha okuncane. Kwenzeka cishe ezinsukwini ezingu\-6 kuya kwezi\-12 ngemva kokuvuthwa kweqanda futhi kungesinye sezimpawu zokuqala zokukhulelwa [4]. Kuvame ukudidaniswa nesikhathi sokuya esikhathini esilula ngoba kwenzeka cishe ngesikhathi obungalindela ngaso umjikelezo wakho uqale.

Kubalulekile kakhulu ukuhlukanisa phakathi kokopha ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa no\-kuya esikhathini noma ukopha okuncane ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa no\-kuya esikhathini. Ukopha okuncane ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa kuvame ukuba kuncane, kube nesikhathi esifushane, futhi akuhambisani nezimpawu ozijwayele lapho uya esikhathini, njengamahlule amakhulu noma izithumba zegazi ezinkulu. Nakuba ukopha okuncane ngaphambi kokuba uye esikhathini kungadidaniswa kwesinye isikhathi nokopha kokufakwa kwembungu, nabanye besifazane bayazibuza, ingabe ungaya esikhathini uma ukhulelwe, ngoba ukopha kokuqala kokukhulelwa kwesinye isikhathi kungafana nesikhathi esilula sokuya esikhathini, okwenza kube nokudideka. Uma usola ukukhulelwa, ukuhlolwa kungakunikeza impendulo ecacile. 

Kulabo abalandelela imijikelezo yabo ngesikhathi bezama ukukhulelwa, ukuqonda isikhathi sokugcina ngaphambi kokukhulelwa kungasiza ukunquma isikhathi sokuphuma kweqanda nokubona izimpawu zokuqala zokukhulelwa ngokunembile kakhulu.

Umehluko Phakathi Kokubona Amabala Nokuyesikhathini

Umehluko phakathi kokubona amabala nokuyesikhathini ungaba mncane kodwa ubalulekile. Ukubona amabala kuthambile futhi ngokuvamile akudingi okungaphezu kwe-panty liner ukuze uvikeleke. Kuvame ukubonakala njengemigqa ephuzi ebomvana noma ensundu ekhanyayo. Ngokuphambene nalokho, ukuya esikhathini kuhilela ukugeleza kwegazi okuningi okungahlala izinsuku ezingu-4–7, okuvame ukudinga amaphedi noma ama-tampon. Igazi lokuyesikhathini livame ukuba bomvu futhi ligcine ukugeleza okufanayo [5].

Ukwazi le mihluko kungaba kubaluleke kakhulu uma ulandela umjikelezo wakho noma uzama ukukhulelwa. Lokhu kukusiza uphendule imibuzo enjengokuthi, ingabe ukubona amabala kubalwa njengosuku 1 noma ingabe ukubona amabala kubalwa njengosuku lokuqala lwesikhathi? Khumbula, ukubona amabala akubhekwa njengesiqalo somjikelezo wakho.

Ingabe Ukubona Amabala Kubalwa Njengesiqalo Somjikelezo Wakho?

Kulabo abazibuza ukuthi, ingabe ukubona amabala kubhekwa njengosuku lokuqala lwesikhathi noma ingabe ukubona amabala kubhekwa njengosuku lokugcina lwesikhathi, impendulo ithi cha. Abanye besifazane abaningi babuza ukuthi, ingabe ukubona amabala kubalwa njengokuyesikhathini lapho bebona ukuvuza okuncane ngaphambi kokuba igazi lize ligijime kakhulu, kodwa lokhu kuvuvukala okukhanyayo kuvame ukungabi nokujuluka okwanele ukuze kubhekwe njengokuyesikhathini kwangempela. Ukubona amabala akubali njengosuku lokuqala noma lokugcina lomjikelezo wakho. Ukuqala kokuya esikhathini kubonakala ngokugeleza kwegazi okuphelele, hhayi ukuvuvukala okukhanyayo okungase kwenzeke ngaphambi kwalokho. Lo mehluko ubaluleke kakhulu kwabesifazane abasebenzisa izindlela zokulandelela ukuzala ukuze bahlele noma bagweme ukukhulelwa.

Ukubona Amabala Egazi Izinsuku Eziyi-10 Ngaphambi Kokuya Esikhathini: Kujwayelekile Yini?

Ukubona amabala egazi izinsuku eziyi-10 ngaphambi kokuya esikhathini kungenzeka ngezizathu eziningana. Ukuphuma kweqanda (ovulation) kungenye yezimbangela ezivame kakhulu, njengoba kuba nokuguquka kwamahomoni ngesikhathi iqanda likhishwa. Ukopha kokufakelwa (implantation bleeding), okwenzeka lapho iqanda elikhulelwe lizifaka odongeni lwesibeletho, nakho kungenzeka cishe ngalesi sikhathi. Nakuba ukubona amabala egazi izinsuku eziyi-10 ngaphambi kokuya esikhathini kuvame ukuba akuyona inkinga enkulu, kuwufanele ukunaka iphethini [6].

Uma kwenzeka kaningi noma kuhambisana nobuhlungu, kungase kubonise inkinga edinga ukuhlolwa udokotela. Ukubona amabala egazi kodwa ungayi esikhathini kungesinye isikhathi kubangelwa ukuguquguquka kwamahomoni, ukukhulelwa kwasekuqaleni, noma izinto ezithinta indlela yokuphila njengokucindezeleka nokuzivocavoca ngokweqile.

Ukuvuvukala Okukhanyayo Ngaphambi Kokuya Esikhathini: Okufanele Ukwazi

Ukubona igazi elincane ngaphambi kokuya esikhathini akuvamile ukuthi kungabi khona. Kungabangelwa amaphilisi okulawula inzalo ngamahomoni, isikhathi sokuqala sokuyeka ukuya esikhathini (perimenopause), noma ukucindezeleka. Amaphilisi okulawula inzalo, amaphetshi, noma ama-IUD angadala ukuvela kwegazi phakathi nesikhathi sokuya esikhathini, ikakhulukazi ezinyangeni zokuqala zokuwasebenzisa [7]. Ukucindezeleka noma izinguquko ezinkulu endleleni ophila ngayo nakho kungathinta amahomoni akho, kuholele ekuveleni kwegazi okuncane.

Ukuvela Kwegazi Okuncane uma kuqhathaniswa Nesikhathi Sokuya Esikhathini: Okumele Ukubheke

Uma uqhathanisa ukuvela kwegazi okuncane nokuya esikhathini okujwayelekile, umehluko omkhulu usekuvama kokuphuma kwegazi, umbala, nesikhathi okuhlala kuso. Ukuvela kwegazi okuncane kukhanya futhi akuhlali isikhathi eside, kuvame ukubonakala njengezimpawu ezipinki, ezinsundu, noma ezibomvu eziyinsundu. Isikhathi sokuya esikhathini sivame ukugeleza kakhulu, ngemithambo yegazi eqhubekayo izinsuku ezimbalwa. Uma uzibuza ukuthi ukuvela kwegazi okuncane kubukeka kanjani, cabanga ngakho njengemigqa yegazi elincane engadingi ukuvikelwa okunamandla.

Nini Okumele Ufunisise Useluleko Lodokotela

Naphezu kokuthi ukuvela kwegazi okuncane kuvame ukuba wukuphazamiseka okungelona eliyingozi, kukhona izikhathi lapho kuwufanele ukukhuluma nodokotela wakho. Uma leli gazi lihambisana nobuhlungu, umkhuhlane, noma uketshezi olungajwayelekile, kungase kubonise ukutheleleka noma enye inkinga yezempilo. Ukuvela kwegazi okuncane okuqhubekayo emijikelezweni eminingi noma ukuvela kwegazi ngemva kokuya esikhathini sekuphelile nakho kufanele kuhlolwe. Ezimweni ezingavamile, ukuvela kwegazi okuncane kungase kubonise izimo ezifana nama-uterine fibroids, ama-polyps, noma ngisho nezinhlobo ezithile zomdlavuza [8].

Indlela Yokuphatha Ukuvela Kwegazi Okuncane

Ukuphatha ukuvela kwegazi okuncane kuhilela inhlanganisela yokulandelela, ukunakekela umzimba, kwesinye isikhathi nomeluleki wezokwelapha. Qala ngokugcina irekhodi elinemininingwane lomjikelezo wakho. Qopha ukuthi leli gazi elincane livela nini, lihlala isikhathi esingakanani, nokuthi lihambisana nezinye izimpawu yini. Lokhu kungasiza wena nodokotela wakho nikhombe amaphethini athile.

Ukusekela impilo yamahomoni kuyenye indlela yokulawula ukuvela kwegazi okuncane. Amavithamini anjengeVitamin B6, i-Magnesium, ne-Zinc adlala indima ebalulekile ekugcineni ibhalansi yamahomoni. Izithasiselo eziqukethe i-Folic Acid, i-CoQ10, ne-L-Arginine zingathuthukisa impilo yokuzala futhi zisekele labo abazama ukukhulelwa [9].

Okubaluleke Kakhulu

Ukuvela kwegazi okuncane ngaphambi kokuya esikhathini kuvamile kubesifazane abaningi futhi ngokuvamile akuyona inkinga. Noma kubangelwa ukuvuthwa kwamaqanda, ukungenelela kwesibungu esikhunjeni lwesibeletho, noma izinguquko zamahomoni, ukuziqonda izindlela okuvela ngazo kungakusiza uzizwe ulawula kangcono impilo yakho yokuzala. Uma uzama ukukhulelwa, leli gazi elincane lingase libe uphawu lokukhulelwa kusenesikhathi. Nokho, uma ukuvuvukala kwegazi kuqhubeka njalo noma kuhambisana nezimpawu ezingajwayelekile, kufanele kuhlolwe umhlinzeki wezempilo. Ngokusekela impilo yamahomoni akho ngokudla okufanele nezithasiselo, ungakwazi ukuphatha ukuvela kwegazi okuncane ngendlela ephumelelayo ngesikhathi uthuthukisa amandla akho okukhulelwa.

Imibuzo evame ukubuzwa

Ingabe ukopha okuncane kuthinta amandla okubamba inzalo?

Ukopha okuncane ngokwalo akuthinti amandla okubamba inzalo ngqo, kodwa kungaba uphawu lwezimo ezifana ne-PCOS noma ukungalingani kwamahomoni okuthinta ukuzala.

Ingabe ukopha okuncane ngaphambi kokuya esikhathini kujwayelekile?

Yebo, ukopha okuncane ngaphambi kokuya esikhathini kujwayelekile futhi kuvame ukuhlotshaniswa nezinguquko zamahomoni, ukukhishwa kweqanda, noma ukukhulelwa kokuqala.

Ingabe ukopha okuncane kungafaka esikhundleni sokuya esikhathini?

Ukopha okuncane esikhundleni sokuba nesikhathi sokuya esikhathini kungenzeka ngenxa yokukhulelwa, izinkinga zamahomoni, noma izinkinga ze-thyroid.

Ngiyazi kanjani ukuthi ukopha okuncane kusho ukukhulelwa?

Ukopha okuncane kokukhulelwa uma kuqhathaniswa nesikhathi sokuya esikhathini kuvame ukuba kuncane, kube pinki noma nsundu, futhi kufushane kunesikhathi esivamile sokuya esikhathini.

Ngabe kufanele ngikhathazeke ngokopha okuncane ngemva kokuyeka ukuya esikhathini?

Yebo, ukopha okuncane ngemva kokuyeka ukuya esikhathini akujwayelekile futhi kufanele kuhlolwe udokotela masinya.

Izinkomba

1. Strine, T. W., Chapman, D. P., & Ahluwalia, I. B. (2005). Izinkinga ezihlobene nokuya esikhathini nokudikibala ngokwengqondo phakathi kwabafazi e-United States. Journal of women's health. Kutholakala ku: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15916505/
2. Vitzthum, V. J., Spielvogel, H., Caceres, E., & Miller, A. (2001). Amaphethini okopha kwangasese phakathi kwabafazi baseBolivia basemaphandleni ezintabeni\: ubudlelwano namandla okubamba inzalo nokulahleka kombungu. Contraception. Kutholakala ku: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11777494/
3. Ayoola, A. B., Zandee, G. L., & Adams, Y. J. (2016). Ulwazi lwabesifazane mayelana nokukhishwa kweqanda, umjikelezo wokuya esikhathini, nezinguquko zokuzala ezihambisana nawo. Birth. Kutholakala ku: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27157718/
4. Grimbizis, G. F., Campo, R., & Egameni kweKomidi Lezesayensi le-Congenital Uterine Malformations (CONUTA) iqembu elivamile lokusebenza le-ESHRE/ESGE\: Stephan Gordts, Sara Brucker, Marco Gergolet, Vasilios Tanos, T.-C. Li, Carlo De Angelis, Attilio Di Spiezio Sardo (2012). Indlela yokwelashwa yokuhlukanisa ukungajwayeleki kokuzalwa komlomo wesibeletho. Gynecological surgery. Kutholakala ku: https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC3338910/
5. Davis E, Sparzak PB. Ukopha okungajwayelekile komlomo wesibeletho. [Updated 2023 Sep 4]. Ku: StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL)\: StatPearls Publishing. Kutholakala ku: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK532913/
6. Fazleabas A. T. (2007). Ifisioloji kanye nezifo zokunqamuka kombungu kubantu nakumaprimate angesona isintu. Seminars in reproductive medicine. Kutholakala ku: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17960524/
7. Stubblefield P. G. (1994). Umthelela wokuvimbela inzalo emjikelezweni wokuya esikhathini. American journal of obstetrics and gynecology. Kutholakala ku: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8178900/
8. Munro, M. G., Critchley, H. O., Fraser, I. S., & FIGO Menstrual Disorders Working Group (2011). Ukuhlukaniswa kwe-FIGO kwezimbangela zokopha okungajwayelekile komlomo wesibeletho eminyakeni yokuzala. Fertility and sterility. Kutholakala ku: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21496802/
9. Vašková, J., Klepcová, Z., Špaková, I., Urdzík, P., Štofilová, J., Bertková, I., Kľoc, M., & Rabajdová, M. (2023). Ukubaluleka kwama-antioxidant emvelo ekuzaleni kwabesifazane. Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland). Kutholakala ku: https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10135990/