Ungayisebenzisa Kanjani Ikhithi Lokuhlola Ukugxila Kwesidoda?

Imbewu iyimaseli okuvelisa kowesilisa afaka iqanda lomfazi ukuze kuzalwe impilo entsha. Ukuze lokhu kufakwa kwenzeke ngempumelelo, impilo yembewu kanye nempilo yeqanda kuyizinto ezibalulekile. Izinkinga ngale maseli okuzala zingenza kube nzima kunoma yimuphi umbhangqwana ukuthi akhulelwe.

Impilo yokuzala kowesilisa ingahlolwa ngokuhlola amaseli embewu bese kuqhathaniswa imiphumela yokuhlola nobufakazi [1]. Kunezindlela ezahlukene zokuhlola imbewu, kodwa ithuluzi elilula elingakusiza ukuthi uhlolisise izilinganiso ezahlukene zembewu ekhaya ikhithi yokuhlola ukugxila kwembewu.

Kulesi sihloko, sizohlola izinto eziyisisekelo zempilo yembewu, ukuthi kungani ukugxila kwembewu kubalulekile ekukhulelweni, nezindlela zokuhlola inani lembewu. Isihloko siphinde sikuholele nasekutheni ungakulikhulisa kanjani inani lembewu ukuze kwandeke amathuba okukhulelwa.

Izisekelo Zempilo Yembewu Nokukwazi Ukuzala

Amadoda akhiqiza imbewu eminyakeni, lapho inqubo iqala ngesikhathi sobusha (puberty) futhi iqhubeke nsuku zonke kuyo yonke impilo [2]. Iminyako ikhiqiza imbewu futhi iyigcine ohlelweni lokuzala lwesilisa kuze kube isikhathi sokuchama.

Ngemuva kokuchama okuphuma isidoda, imbewu ihamba ngaphakathi kohlelo lokuzala lomfazi ukuze ihlangane neqanda. Lapho imbewu namaqanda ehlangana, kwenzeka ukufakwa okuholela ekuzalweni kwempilo entsha [3]. Imbewu enempilo kuphela engakwazi ukubhukuda kahle ngaphakathi komzimba womfazi ifake iqanda ukuze kwenzeke ukukhulelwa.

Izinkinga ngembewu, njengokuncipha kwenani noma ukunganyakazi kahle, zingamenzela ubunzima owesilisa ekukhuleliseni nasekuqaleni umndeni. Izinto ezihlukahlukene zenza umonakalo empilweni yembewu, okuhlanganisa ukudla okungelona elinempilo, ingcindezi, nokuchayeka kumatoxin [4].

Izici Eziyinhloko Ezibeka Impilo Yembewu

Ngakho-ke, uyazi ukuthi impilo yembewu ibalulekile ekuzaleni kwabesilisa, kodwa yini ngempela echaza imbewu enempilo? Kukho izilinganiso eziningana ezihlukanisa imbewu enempilo nenamandla kuleyo embewu engase ibe nobunzima ukufaka iqanda [5]. Lezi zilinganiso zihlanganisa ukugxila kwembewu, ukunyakaza kwembewu, ukuma (imorphology) kwembewu, kanye nevolumu (ivolumu) yesidoda.

1. Ukugxila Kwembewu

Ukugxila kwembewu kubhekisela enanini lembewu ekhona ku-millilitha ngamunye wesidoda. Imibiko ikhombisa ukuthi inani lembewu elijwayelekile lingu-20 million kuya ku-200 million amaseli embewu ku-millilitha ngamunye wesidoda [6].

Ukugxila okuvamile noma okuphezulu kwembewu yesilisa ngokuvamile kuwuphawu oluhle lokuzala. Inani elikhulu lamaseli embewu likhona, kuba phezulu ithuba lokuthi imbewu ifinyelele iqanda lomfazi ilifake. Ungalinganisa inani lembewu ekhaya ngosizo kwamakhithi okukala ukugxila kwembewu aklanyelwe ngokukhethekile.

2. Ukunyakaza Kwembewu Yesilisa

Ukunyakaza kwesidoda (sperm motility) kuyisilinganiso sokuthi amaseli esidoda ayakwazi yini ukuhamba kahle emzimbeni wesifazane ukuze afinyelele iqanda. Ukunyakaza kwesidoda okuhle kubalulekile ngoba amaseli esidoda adinga ukuhamba esuka ku-cervix, awelwe isibeletho, angene ema-tube e-fallopian.

Izivivinyo ezifana ne-sperm analyser noma ukuhlaziywa kwe-semen zingasiza ukunquma ukuthi amasidoda akho ayakwazi ukubhukuda kahle kangakanani. Uma unokunyakaza kwesidoda okungesihle, ungakuthuthukisa ngokushintsha ukudla, ukuzivocavoca, nezinye izinguquko zendlela yokuphila.

Izithasiselo zokuzala kwabesilisa, ezifana ne-Men’s Motility Support ka-Conceive Plus, zingaba inketho enhle yokuthuthukisa ukunyakaza kwesidoda nokwandisa amathuba okukhulelwa.

3. Ukwakheka Kwesidoda

Ukwakheka kwesidoda (sperm morphology) ligama elichaza isimo nokwakhiwa kwesidoda. Noma inani lesidoda lingaba phezulu futhi lihambe kahle, ukungabi nokwakheka okufanele kwesidoda kunganciphisa amathuba akho okukhulelwa.

Ukwakheka okuvamile kwesidoda kunekhanda elikhethekile nomsila omude osiza iseli lesidoda ukuthi libhukude. Ukungabi nokwakheka okufanele kwesidoda kusho ukungasebenzi kahle kwekhanda nomsila, okwenza kube yinselele kumasidoda ukubhukuda. Imvamisa udinga ukuya emtholampilo okhethekile kwezokuzala ukuze kwenziwe ukuhlolwa okunemininingwane kokwakheka kwesidoda.

4. Ivolumu Ye-semen

Ivolumu ye-semen ingenye into ebalulekile enquma ukuthi impilo yokuzala kowesilisa imi kahle kangakanani. Ivolumu eyanele ye-semen iqinisekisa ukuthi kukhona amasidoda anele nezinye izimfihlo ezisekelayo ukuze kwandeke amathuba okuchumisa. Isejethi yokuhlola i-semen esetshenziswa emtholampilo noma ngisho nemikhiqizo ethuthukile yama-test kit okuhlaziya isidoda ingakusiza ukukala ivolumu ye-semen.

Izindlela Ezingafani Zokuhlola Isidoda

Ungahlola izici ezihlukene zempilo yesidoda ekhaya noma ngokuvakashela umtholampilo ukuze wenziwe izivivinyo ezifana nokuhlaziywa kwe-semen [1]. Inketho ngayinye inokuzuza kwayo nemingcele yayo, ngakho ukukhetha okuhle kakhulu kuncike ezidingweni zakho ezithile.

Izinketho Zokuhlola Ekhaya

Kubantu abaningi abahlela ukwenza ukuhlolwa kwesidoda, ubumfihlo nokunethezeka kuyizici ezibalulekile. Yingakho umqondo wokuhlolwa kwesidoda sasekhaya noma amakhithi okuhlolwa kwesidoda wasekhaya usuba odumile kakhulu. Ungahlola isidoda ekhaya ngosizo lwekhithi yokuhlola isidoda, nalezi zinzuzo ezilandelayo:

• Inqubo Elula: Inqubo yokuhlola izinkomba zesidoda ekhaya ilula. Amakhithi amaningi eza nemiyalelo ecacile futhi adinga isampula encane kuphela yesidoda. Ukuhlolwa kwesibalo sesidoda sasekhaya yilo hlobo oluvame kakhulu lokuhlolwa kwesidoda ongakwazi ukulwenza ukuze ubone ngokushesha ukuthi ukugxila kwesidoda sakho kukuluhla olujwayelekile yini.
• Imiphumela Eseshe: Amadivayisi afana namakhithi wesibalo sesidoda wasekhaya kanye nekhithi yokubala isidoda anikeza imiphumela esheshayo. Awudingi ukulinda ilabhorethri ukuthi icubungule isampula yakho. Amanye amakhithi afaka ngisho nemiphumela yedijithali ekusize uqonde inani lakho lesidoda emizuzwini embalwa.
• Ubumfihlo Nokunethezeka: Amadoda amaningi athanda ukwenza ukuhlolwa kokuzala kowesilisa wasekhaya ngoba abavumela ukuthi benze ukuhlolwa endaweni yangasese. Lokhu kunethezeka kungasiza ukunciphisa ingcindezi futhi kwenze inqubo ingabesabeki kakhulu. Izivivinyo zasekhaya ziyisinyathelo sokuqala esihle ngaphambi kokufuna iseluleko sochwepheshe.

Izinketho Zokuhlolwa Ekliniki

Izivivinyo zasekliniki zokuhlola impilo yesidoda zingase zingabi lula kubaningi, kodwa ziningi kakhulu lapho kuziwa ekuhlaziyweni okuphelele. Odokotela basebenzisa imishini ekhethekile nenqubo eningiliziwe ukuhlola zonke izici zempilo yesidoda, okwandisa ukunemba kwemibiko. Izinzuzo ezinemininingwane zokukhetha ukuhlolwa kwesidoda ngaphakathi kwekliniki zihlanganisa:

• Ukuhlaziywa Okubanzi: Amakliniki asebenzisa izindlela ezithuthukile zokuhlola izinkomba ezahlukene ezifana nokunyakaza kwesidoda (motility), ukugxila, nokuma kwesidoda (morphology). Ukuhlolwa kokuzala kowesilisa okwenziwa ekiliniki kunganikeza ukuqonda okujulile okusiza ekuxilongweni kwezinkinga zokuzala ezahlukene.
• Ukwelulekwa Ko-chwepheshe: Uma uvakashela ikliniki ukuze wenze ukuhlolwa kokuzala kwamadoda, uchwepheshe angabuyekeza imiphumela yakho axoxe ngezinyathelo ezilandelayo. Lokhu kusiza ikakhulukazi uma imiphumela yokuqala evela kwikhithi yokuhlola isidoda yasekhaya ikhombisa izingxenye ezidinga uphenyo olwengeziwe.
• Izilinganiso Ezinembile: Izivivinyo zasekliniki zisebenzisa imishini enembile ukukala ivolumu yesidoda kanye nokugxila kwesidoda. Ukuhlolwa kwesibalo sesidoda okwenziwa ekiliniki kungaba nenembile kakhulu uma kuqhathaniswa nezinye izinketho zasekhaya.

Uyisebenzisa Kanjani Ikhithi Yokuhlola Ukugxila Kwesidoda?

Ikhithi yokuhlola ukugxila kwesidoda ikusiza ukuthi uhlole inani lesidoda, okungesinye sezici ezisemqoka ekunqumeni ukuzala kowesilisa. Kulabo abazibuza ukuthi bahlole kanjani ukuzala kowesilisa ngosizo lwekhithi yokuhlola isidoda yasekhaya, nansi imiyalelo ecacile nelula ongayilandela:

1. Thola Ikhithi Yokuhlola Inani Lesidoda: Isinyathelo sokuqala wukuthi thenga ikhithi yokuhlola ukugxila kwesidoda, etholakala ku-inthanethi nakumaphoyisa ezidakamizwa aseduze. Qiniseka ukuthi uthenga kumkhiqizo othembekile onemibono emihle evela kubathengi.
2. Ukuqoqa Isampula: Uma usunayo ikhithi yokuhlola i-sperm check, funda imiyalelo kahle mayelana nokuthi uqoqwa kanjani isampula yesidoda. Iningi lamakhithi okuhlola isidoda lihlanganisa isitsha sokuqoqela isidoda, okuvame ukwenziwa ngokuzimithisa (masturbation). Qiniseka ukuthi ugwema noma yikuphi ukungcola esampuleni, ngoba kungathinta ukunemba kwemiphumela.
3. Ukuhlola Isampula: Ngemuva kokuqoqwa kwesampula yesidoda, kuzodingeka uhlanganise isampula yakho ne-reagent enikeziwe ngaphambi kokuyifaka kudivayisi yokuhlola. Idivayisi yokuhlola bese ihlola isampula ukuze ibone ukugxila kwesidoda ngemizuzu embalwa.
4. Ukuqonda Imiphumela: Ngemva kokuhlolwa, ikhithi izokhombisa imiphumela yakho. Ukuhlolwa kwesidoda ekhaya imvamisa kuzokhombisa ukuthi ukugxila kwesidoda sakho kusebanganeni elinempilo yini. Uma imiphumela ingacaci, kunconywa ukuthi ucabangele ukukhetha ukuhlolwa kwesidoda e-klinikhi yokubeletha ukuze uqinisekise okutholakele.
5. Ukubonisana Nochwepheshe: Uma uthola imiphumela ekhathazayo ekuhlolweni kwakho kwesidoda okwenziwa ekhaya, kuhle ukufuna iseluleko sochwepheshe. Udokotela angakwazi ukwenza ukuhlolwa kokuzala kowesilisa esebenzisa imishini enembile kakhulu ukuze kutholwe ukuxilongwa okunemininingwane.

Izindlela Zokwenza Lokho Khulisa Ukugxila Kwesidoda

Uma imibiko yakho yokuhlolwa kokugxila kwesidoda ikhombisa inani lesidoda elingaphansi kokujwayelekile, kufanele ubheke izindlela zokwandisa amandla esidoda sakho sokukhulelisa. Yebo, kungenzeka ukuthuthukisa inani lesidoda kanye nokuzala kwakho konke ngendlela yemvelo ngosizo lwezinguquko ekudleni nasekuphileni. Lokhu kuhlanganisa:

1. Yidla Ukudla Okunempilo

Izifundo zibonisa ukuthi omunye umanyolo ekudleni kwakho usekela inqubo yokukhiqizwa kwesidoda futhi uthuthukise inani lesidoda [7]. Ukudla okunothe ngo-zinc, i-vitamin C, namafutha e-omega-3 kuyizinketho ezinhle kakhulu zokukhulisa inani lesidoda.

Ukudla okuqukethe omanyolo abalulekile esidodeni kuhlanganisa izithelo, imifino, okusanhlamvu okuphelele, kanye nama-protein angenamafutha amaningi. Kubalulekile futhi ukugwema ukudla okucubunguliwe, iziphuzo eziwoshukela, nekhofi eliningi kakhulu, ngoba kungalimaza inani lesidoda kanye nekhwalithi yesidoda ngokujwayelekile.

2. Zivocavoce Njalo

Ukuzivocavoca okulingene kukhuphula izinga le-testosterone, elihlotshaniswa ngqo nokukhiqizwa kwesidoda. Imisebenzi efana nokugijima kancane, ukuhamba ngebhayisikili, noma ukuqeqesha amandla isiza ukugcina isisindo esinempilo, esinomthelela omkhulu empilweni yesidoda.

Nokho, ukugxila kakhulu emzimbeni noma ukusebenzisa ama-steroid kunganciphisa inani lesidoda. Yingakho kunconywa ukuthi uhlale usamile ngomsebenzi wokuzivocavoca ophakathi nendawo ngaphandle kokuzikhandla ngokweqile.

3. Nciphisa I-stress Futhi Ulale Ngokwanele

I-stress ephezulu inganciphisa i-testosterone futhi yehlise inani lesidoda. Faka izindlela zokuphumula ezifana ne-meditation ne-yoga ohlelweni lwakho lwansuku zonke ukuze ulawule i-stress. Ukulala okungenani amahora angu-7 kuya kwangu-8 ebusuku kusiza umzimba ulungise amazinga ama-hormone. Ukungalali kahle kungase kuthinte kabi inani lesidoda kanye nokuzala konke ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.

4. Gwema ukubhema, utshwala, nezidakamizwa

Izifundo zibonisa ukuthi ukubhema kwehlisa inani lesidoda futhi kuthinta kabi ikhwalithi yesidoda [8]. Ukuphuza utshwala ngobuningi kunganciphisa amazinga e-testosterone, okwehlisa inani lesidoda.

Izidakamizwa ezifana ne-marijuana nama-anabolic steroids nazo zilimaza ukukhiqizwa kwesidoda futhi ziholele ekwehleni kwenani lesidoda. Uma usebenzisa lezi zinto, ungathuthukisa inani lesidoda sakho nokuzala kwakho konke ngokuyeka ukuzisebenzisa.

Okubalulekile Ekugcineni

Inani lesidoda noma ukugxila kwesidoda liyisilinganiso sempilo yesidoda esivezayo ukuthi zingaki izicubu zesidoda ezikhona ku-milliliter ngayinye yesidoda esidlenzini. Inani lesidoda eliphansi lehlisa amathuba okuthi isidoda sifinyelele siqhubeke siyokhulelisa iqanda lomfazi.

Ungahlola ukuthi inani lakho lesidoda lijwayelekile yini ngosizo lwekhithi yokuhlola ukugxila kwesidoda. Lezi zikhithi ziza nayo yonke imishini oyidingayo ukuze uhlole ukugxila kwesidoda futhi uthole ulwazi olubalulekile mayelana nokuzala kwakho. Uma uthola ukuthi inani lakho lesidoda liphansi kunelijwayelekile, izinguquko ezahlukene ekudleni nasempilweni yakho yansuku zonke zingasiza.

Uma umuntu ebhekene nobunzima bokukhulelisa ngisho esethathe izinyathelo zokuthuthukisa inani lesidoda, kuwumqondo omuhle ukukhuluma nochwepheshe bokuzala ukuze ahlole ngokuningiliziwe impilo yokuzala.

Imithombo esetshenzisiwe

1. Sunder, M., & Leslie, S. W. (2022, October 24). Ukuhlaziywa kwesidoda. StatPearls. StatPearls Publishing. Retrieved from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK564369/ 
2. Gilbert, S. F. (2000). I-developmental biology (6th ed.). Sinauer Associates. Retrieved from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK10095/ 
3. Oliver, R., & Basit, H. (2023). I-embryology, inqubo yokukhulelwa. Ku-StatPearls. StatPearls Publishing. Retrieved from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK542186/ 
4. Kumar, N., & Singh, A. K. (2022). Umthelela wezinto zemvelo ekhwalithini yesidoda somuntu nasekukwazini ukuzala kwabesilisa: ukubuyekezwa okuchazayo. Environmental Sciences Europe, 34(1), 1-13. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12302-021-00585-w 
5. Omu, A. E. (2013). Izinkomba zesidoda: inkomba yokuba nempilo enhle nokuphila isikhathi eside. Medical Principles and Practice, 22(Suppl 1), 30. https://doi.org/10.1159/000354208 
6. Ukuhlaziywa kwesidoda: MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia. (n.d.). https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/003627.htm 
7. Skoracka, K., Eder, P., Łykowska-Szuber, L., Dobrowolska, A., & Krela-Kaźmierczak, I. (2020). Ukudla nezinto zokondleka ekuzaleni (okungazali) emadodeni—izinto ezinganakwa. Journal of Clinical Medicine, 9(5), 1400. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm9051400 
8. Tang, Q., Pan, F., Wu, X., Nichols, C. E., Wang, X., Xia, Y., London, S. J., & Wu, W. (2019). Ikhwalithi yesidoda nokubhema ugwayi eqenjini lamadoda anempilo azalayo. Environmental Epidemiology, 3(4), e055. https://doi.org/10.1097/EE9.0000000000000055

Thenga imithasiselo yokwandisa inani lesidoda ukuze uthole imikhiqizo engcono kakhulu yokwandisa inani lesidoda emadodeni. Thenga imikhiqizo yemvelo yokukhulisa inani lesidoda namavithamini asekhethekile okuthuthukisa inani lesidoda. Imikhiqizo ye-Conceive Plus Men's Fertility iyimikhiqizo ehamba phambili yokwandisa inani lesidoda nenani lesidoda esidlenzini - ithembekile odokotela nochwepheshe bokuzala kusukela ngo-2008!