Usayizi Wesibeletho Emasontweni angu-17: Ukulandelela Ukukhula Kwengane Ekukhulelweni

Ukukhulelwa uhambo oluyisimangaliso lapho umzimba womfazi wenza izinguquko eziningi ukweseka ukukhula kwengane. Izitho eziningi ezahlukene ohlelweni lokuzala lowesifazane zifaka isandla ekukhulelweni kodwa isibeletho sinendima ebaluleke kakhulu.

Isibeletho yindawo lapho iqanda elikhulelisiwe linamathela khona futhi lapho ingane ikhula khona phakathi nesikhathi sokukhulelwa kwezinyanga eziyisishiyagalolunye. Usayizi wesibeletho ushintsha ngeviki nengane njengoba ikhula ngobukhulu [1]. Usayizi wesibeletho emasontweni angu-17 uyisigaba esibalulekile cishe maphakathi nesikhathi sokukhulelwa futhi uyindawo enentshisekelo kwabasemzini abakhulelwe abaningi.

Kulesi sihloko, sizohlola indima yesibeletho ekukhulelweni, nokuthi sishintsha kanjani ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, nezimpawu ongase uzibone esibelethweni esikumasonto angu-17. Isihloko siphinde sihlinzeke ngamanye amasu awusizo okusekela ukukhulelwa okunempilo.

Indima Yesibeletho Ekukhulelweni

Isibeletho siyithambo elingenalutho elinamathambo emisipha elitholakala e-pelvis. Uma ubuka isithombe sohlelo lokuzala lowesifazane, ungabona isibeletho njengomgodi omise okwephere phakathi kwesinye nesitho sokuchama esikhulu [2].

Ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, umsebenzi oyinhloko wesibeletho uwukuhlinzeka indawo ephephile nenesekelayo enganeni ekhula. Indima yesibeletho ngemva kokufakwa kwembewu ihlanganisa:

1. Siseka Ukuzimila: Umjikelezo ngamunye wokuya esikhathini ulungiselela isibeletho ukukhulelwa ngokwakha imithambo yegazi nokuhlinzeka ukudla emgodleni wesibeletho. Lezi zinguquko emgodleni wesibeletho zenza kube lula ukunamathela kweqanda elikhulelisiwe esibelethweni, inqubo ebizwa ngokuthi ukuzimila [3].
2. Sihlinzeka Ngokudla: Ngemva kokuzimila, kwakheka isakhiwo sesikhashana esibizwa nge-placenta phakathi kwesibeletho nembungu. Lesi sakhiwo sinomsebenzi wokuletha umoya-mpilo (oxygen) nokudla okuvela egazini likamama kuya enganeni. I-placenta iphinde ikhiphe udoti egazini lengane.
3. Sinikeza Ukuvikelwa: Isibeletho sakha indawo ephephile yengane. Sivikela ingane ekudutshulweni okungaphandle futhi sigcina indawo izinzile, sivikele ingane ekuchayekeni ezintweni eziyingozi.
4. Isiza ngesikhathi sokubeletha: Ungqimba oluphakathi lwesibeletho lwakheka ngemisipha ebushelelezi. Ngasekupheleni kokukhulelwa, lolu ngqimba oluphakathi luqala ukuqubuka ukuze lusize ekuzalweni komntwana ngesikhathi sokubeletha.

Yini i Usayizi Wesibeletho Emasontweni angu-17?

Emasontweni angu-17 okukhulelwa, isibeletho cishe sinebukhulu le-cantaloupe encane [4]. Ngalesi sikhathi, isibeletho sesinyukele ngaphezu kwe-pelvis futhi ungase usizwe ngaphezulu kancane kwenkaba. Lokhu kukhula kuyingxenye ejwayelekile yokukhulelwa ukuze kwamukele umntwana okhula ngokushesha. Indlela ewusizo yokuqapha izinguquko ezifana nokukhula kwesibeletho ngesikhathi ukhulelwe ukusebenzisa i-khalenda lokukhulelwa ngesonto ukuze ulandelele inqubekelaphambili futhi uhlale unolwazi ngamazinga abalulekile entuthuko yomntwana.

Nazi ezinye izinto ezibalulekile ngomusayizi wesibeletho emasontweni angu-17:

• Ingxenye engenhla yesibeletho, eyaziwa ngokuthi yi-fundus, icishe ibe ngo-4 kuya ku-5 inches — 10 kuya ku-13 cm — ngaphezu kwethambo le-pubic.
• Ukwanda kosayizi wesibeletho kungaholela ekubeni isisu somntwana sibonakale ngokusobala.
• Njengoba isibeletho sikhula, abanye besifazane bangase bazwe umuzwa wokwelula kancane noma wokudonswa esiswini. Lo muzwa ujwayelekile futhi ubangelwa ukweluleka kwemigqa (ligaments) esekela isibeletho [5].

Uma uqaphela ukuthi isibeletho sakho asikhuli ngosayizi njengoba kulindelekile emasontweni angu-17, khuluma nodokotela wakho ukuze ahlole kahle impilo nokukhula komntwana.

Yini i Usayizi Wesibeletho Emasontweni angu-18?

Emasontweni angu-18 okukhulelwa, isibeletho siyaqhubeka nokukhula futhi manje cishe sinobukhulu bobhatata omncane. Kulesi sigaba, sesimi kancane phezulu esiswini, eduze nezinga lenkaba.

Nokho, kungenzeka ungakwazi ukwehlukanisa usayizi wesibeletho emasontweni angu-18 nowesibeletho emasontweni angu-17. Lolu shintsho kusayizi wesibeletho ngesikhathi ukhulelwe lapho ufika esontweni le-18 luvame ukukhombisa ukukhula okusheshayo komntwana kanye nokwanda kwesaka liketshezi lwe-amniotic.

Nazi ezinye izinto ezibalulekile mayelana nesibeletho emasontweni angu-18 okukhulelwa:

• Ingxenye engenhla yesibeletho ngalesi sikhathi ingazwakala cishe ngo-1 kuya ku-2 inches — 2.5 kuya ku-5 cm — ngaphansi kwenkaba.
• Isibeletho sakho esivelele (baby bump) siba sobala kakhulu ekupheleni kwesonto le-18.
• Ungaqhubeka nokuzwa ubuhlungu esiswini ngenxa yokweluleka kwama-ligament asekelayo isibeletho [5].

Amathiphu Okuzinakekela Ukukhulelwa Okunempilo

Njengoba umzimba wakho wenza izinguquko eziningi ezisheshayo ukuze uhlangabezane nezidingo zokukhulelwa, udinga ukunakekela umzimba wakho kakhulu kunokuvamile ukuze usekele ukukhulelwa.

Nawa amathiphu angakusiza usekele impilo yakho nempilo yosana ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa:

1. Yidla Ukudla Okulinganiselayo:\_Izinguquko zomzimba namahomoni ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa zandisa izidingo zamakhemikhali okunomsoco namandla emzimbeni wakho [6]. Ungasekela izidingo zokudla komzimba ngokufaka izithelo eziningi, imifino, okusanhlamvu okuphelele, amaprotheni anomdlandla, nobisi ekudleni kwakho.
2. Cabanga Ngokuthatha Izithasiselo Zokukhulelwa:\_Izifundo zibonisa ukuthi ngisho nokudla okulinganiselayo kungadala izikhala ekondleni, okuba khona kakhulu futhi kube nzima kakhulu ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa [7]. Izithasiselo zokukhulelwa\_zigcwele amakhemikhali abalulekile futhi zingakusiza ugweme ukushoda kokudla okunomsoco, kusekele ukukhula nokuthuthuka okunempilo komzimba.

3. Hlala Unamanzi Ngokwanele: Isidingo soketshezi emzimbeni wakho siyanda kakhulu ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa. Esinye isizathu esivamile ukwanda kokukhiqizwa kokugeleza kwegazi emzimbeni. Phuza amanzi amaningi usuku lonke ukuze ugcine umzimba unamanzi ngokwanele futhi usekele ukugeleza kwegazi okwandayo oluya esibelethweni.
4. Zilolonge Ngokuphepha: Imisebenzi emnene efana nokuhamba ngezinyawo, ukubhukuda, ne-prenatal yoga ingaqinisa umzimba wakho futhi ithuthukise ukujikeleza kwegazi. Nokho, kubalulekile ukubonana nodokotela wakho ngaphambi kokuqala noma iyiphi indlela yokuzivocavoca ngoba ukuzivocavoca okunzima kungalimaza usana.
5. Gwema Izinto Ezilimazayo: Uma ungumama olindelekile, kumele ugweme utshwala, ugwayi nezidakamizwa zokuzijabulisa. Lezi zinto zingalimaza impilo yakho futhi zikhokelele ezinkingeni ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa. Ukudla ikhofi eliningi (i-caffeine) nakho akuyona inketho enempilo futhi kumele ubuze udokotela wakho ngenani eliphephile.
6. Hamba emihlanganweni yokunakekelwa kwangaphambi kokubeletha: Ukuhlolwa njalo nodokotela wakho noma umhlinzeki wakho wezempilo kungasiza ukuqapha ukukhula kwengane nokuthola izinkinga zisasekuqaleni. Odokotela bancoma ukuya ekuhlolweni njalo emavikini amane kuze kufike evikini lama-28 lokukhulelwa, njalo emavikini amabili kuya kwathathu kusukela evikini lama-28 kuya kwelama-36, bese njalo ngeviki kusukela evikini lama-36 kuze kube sekubelethweni.

Okufingqiwe

Isibeletho sineqhaza elibaluleke kakhulu ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa njengoba sisekela futhi sivikela ingane. Usayizi wesibeletho uyaqhubeka ushintsha njalo ngeliviki lokukhulelwa futhi lokho kusiza ekuqapheni ukukhula kwengane.

Uma ubheka usayizi wesibeletho emasontweni angu-17, sandisa kakhulu futhi siba ngaphansi kancane kwenkinobho yesisu ngalesi sikhathi. Kungenzeka ungaboni umehluko omkhulu evikini le-18 uma liqhathaniswa neviki le-17 ngoba izinguquko zenzeka kancane kancane. Ukuba nolwazi mayelana nezinguquko ezilindelekile esibelethweni ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa kusiza ukuqapha inqubekelaphambili yokukhulelwa nokuthola izinkinga ngesikhathi.

Imithombo esetshenzisiwe

1. Healthdirect Australia. (n.d.). Ukukhulelwa nokuthuthuka kombungu. Pregnancy Birth and Baby. https://www.pregnancybirthbaby.org.au/conception-and-fetal-development 
2. Ameer, M. A., Fagan, S. E., Sosa-Stanley, J. N., & Peterson, D. C. (2022b, December 6). I-anatomy, isisu nethanga: isibeletho. StatPearls - NCBI Bookshelf. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK470297/ 
3. Cha, J., Sun, X., & Dey, S. K. (2012). Izindlela zokufakwa kombungu esibelethweni: amasu okukhulelwa ngempumelelo. Nature Medicine, 18(12), 1754–1767. https://doi.org/10.1038/nm.3012 
4. Ukukhulelwa kwakho ngesonto nesonto: amasonto 17-20. (2023, July 16). WebMD. https://www.webmd.com/baby/your-pregnancy-week-by-week-weeks-17-20 
5. Healthdirect Australia. (n.d.-b). Ubuhlungu be-round ligament. Pregnancy Birth and Baby. https://www.pregnancybirthbaby.org.au/round-ligament-pain 
6. Jouanne, M., Oddoux, S., Noël, A., & Voisin-Chiret, A. S. (2021b). Izidingo zamavithamini nezakhamzimba ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa nokuncelisa. Nutrients, 13(2), 692. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu13020692 
7. Ward, E. (2014). Ukubhekana nezikhala ekondweni ngemithi enezinhlanganisela zama-multivitamin namaminerali. i-Nutrition Journal, 13(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/1475-2891-13-72