Akukho uketshezi oluphuma ngesikhathi sokuvuthwa kwamaqanda – ngikhulelwe na?

Isikhathi sokuvundela (ovulation) yisigaba somjikelezo wokuya esikhathini kowesifazane lapho isibeletho sikhulula iqanda. Kukhona ezinye izimpawu nezibonakaliso ezisiza abesifazane bakwazi ukukhomba usuku lokuvundela. Omunye walezi uphawu izinguquko koketshezi oluphuma esithweni sangasese sowesifazane ngalesi sikhathi.

Isibonelo, uketshezi lomlomo wesibeletho luba luncane, lushelele, futhi lwanwebeka ngesikhathi sokuvundela, lufane neqanda elingapheki [1]. Lezi zinguquko koketshezi lomlomo wesibeletho zingaholela ekuphumenii koketshezi okusobala futhi okushelele esithweni sangasese sowesifazane ngesikhathi sokuvundela.

Nokho, akuwona wonke amabhinqa abona lolu hlobo loketshezi ngesikhathi sokuvundela, okwenza badideke mayelana nempilo yabo yokuzala. Bazithola bezibuza imibuzo efana nokuthi "Akukho ketshezi ngesikhathi sokuvundela ngabe ngikhulelwe, noma ukungabi noketshezi kusho ukuthini?"

Kusho Ukuthini Uketshezi Oluphuma Esithweni Sangasese Sowesifazane Ngesikhathi Sokuvundela?

Uketshezi lomlomo wesibeletho liyingxenye enkulu yoketshezi oluphuma esithweni sangasese sowesifazane ngesikhathi sokuvundela. Empeleni luwuketshezi olunothayo olukhishwa ngumlomo wesibeletho lingene emgodini wesitho sangasese sowesifazane ukuze luvimbele ukungena kwamagciwane emgodini wesitho sangasese.

Ngokuvamile, uketshezi lomlomo wesibeletho luba lukhulu futhi lubambelele. Kodwa kuba sobala, lwanwebeka, futhi lushelele, lufane neqanda elingapheki ngesikhathi sokuvundela ngenxa yethonya lezinguquko kumahomoni [2]. Lolu hlobo loketshezi lomlomo wesibeletho lusiza isidoda ukuthi sibhukude siye eqandeni ukuze kube nokufecethwa.

Zonke lezi zinguquko ngesikhathi sokuvundela kwesinye isikhathi zingadala ukuphuma kwalolu ketshezi olunwebekayo olufana neqanda elingapheki esithweni sangasese sowesifazane. Njengoba lolu ketshezi olunalezi zici luvame ukuvela ngesikhathi sokuvundela, lubizwa ngokuthi uketshezi lwesikhathi sokuvundela.

Ingabe Ukungabi Noketshezi Oluphuma Esithweni Sangasese Sowesifazane Kushaya Uthi Ukhulelwe?

Ukuntuleka koketshezi oluphuma esithweni sangasese sowesifazane ngesikhathi sokuvundela akusho ncamashi ukuthi ukhulelwe. Empeleni, izinsuku zokuqala zokukhulelwa kwesinye isikhathi zibangela ukwanda koketshezi ngenxa yokwenyuka kwamazinga amahomoni [3].

Ukungabi noketshezi eduze nesikhathi sokuvundela kungase kube nje umehluko wemvelo emzimbeni wakho. Uma usaqhubeka nokusola ukuthi ungase ukhulelwe, kufanele ubheke ezinye izimpawu zokukhulelwa, ezifana nalezi:

• Ukuphoswa kokuya esikhathini
• Isicanucanu noma isicanucanu sasekuseni
• Ukukhathala
• Ukuzwela noma ubuhlungu bamabele

Khumbula ukuthi lezi zimpawu nakho zingadida kwezinye izimo. Ngakho-ke, indlela engcono yokuqinisekisa ukukhulelwa ukuthi wenze ukuhlolwa kokukhulelwa ekhaya noma uvakashele udokotela wakho.

Ingabe Ukungabi Noketshezi Ngesikhathi Sokuvundela Kushaya Uthi Awunakho Ukuzala?

Izinguquko koketshezi lomlomo wesibeletho ngesikhathi sokuvundela (ovulation) zisiza isidoda sikwazi ukubhukuda siye eqandeni, ngaleyo ndlela kuthuthuke amandla okubamba iqhaza ekukhulelweni nethuba lokukhulelwa. Ngakho-ke, uma ucabanga ukuthi ukungabi noketshezi kusho ukungazali, ukungabikhona kwalokhu ketshezi lomlomo wesibeletho noma ukungabi noketshezi akusho ukuthi awunakuzala.

Impilo yokuzala noma amathuba okukhulelwa ancike ezicini eziningi ngaphandle koketshezi lwebebele lesibeletho elikhulisa inzalo, okuhlanganisa ikhwalithi yeqanda, impilo yesibeletho, ibhalansi yamahomoni, kanye nempilo yonke yomzimba [4].

Kungani Abanye Abesifazane Bengenalo Uketshezi Ngesikhathi Sokukhishwa Kweqanda?

Uketshezi lwebebele lesibeletho olufana neqanda elimhlophe noma uketshezi lwesitho sangasese sowesifazane kuwuphawu oluvamile lokukhishwa kweqanda kwabesifazane abaningi kodwa hhayi kubo bonke. Abanye abesifazane abakwazi nhlobo ukuzwa noma ukubona lolu ketshezi ngesikhathi sokukhishwa kweqanda. Lokhu okulandelayo kungaba izimbangela ezingaba khona:

1. Ukungalingani Kwamahomoni

Izifundo zibonisa ukuthi i-estrogen inesibopho sokwenza izinguquko koketshezi lwebebele lesibeletho ngesikhathi sokukhishwa kweqanda [5]. Lokhu kusho ukuthi amazinga aphansi e-estrogen angavimba noma anciphise ukukhiqizwa koketshezi lwebebele lesibeletho elikhulisa inzalo.

Imibiko iphinde ibonise ukuthi ukwanda kwehomoni ye-progesterone kunciphisa nokukhipha uketshezi [6]. Ngakho-ke, ukungalingani kwamahomoni ngesikhathi sokukhishwa kweqanda, okuhlanganisa amazinga aphansi e-estrogen noma amazinga aphezulu e-progesterone, kungabangela uketshezi olomile noma ukungabi biketshezi nhlobo ngesikhathi sokukhishwa kweqanda.

2. Ukushoda Kwamanzi Emzimbeni

Izifundo zibonisa ukuthi ukuhlala unamanzi emzimbeni kunokuxhumana okuqondile nokukhiqizwa nokukhishwa koketshezi okuvela ku-cervix [7]. Ukuphuza amanzi amaningi kusho ukukhiqizwa koketshezi oluningi, olubhityile futhi kukhule amathuba okuba noketshezi lwesitho sangasese sowesifazane ngesikhathi sokukhishwa kweqanda.

Ngokufanayo, ukushoda kwamanzi emzimbeni kungaholela ekubeni uketshezi lwebebele lesibeletho lube lukhulu, lube lukhuni noma kungabi biketshezi nhlobo. Kulezi zimo, ungase ungabi nakho nhlobo uketshezi lwesitho sangasese sowesifazane ngesikhathi sokukhishwa kweqanda.

3. Ukucindezeleka

Ukucindezeleka kungaholela ezinguqukweni ezahlukene koketshezi lwebebele lesibeletho. Lokhu kungenxa yokuxhumana phakathi kokucindezeleka nokungalingani kwamahomoni [8]. Amazinga aphakeme okucindezeleka angathinta amazinga e-estrogen ne-progesterone ngesikhathi sokukhishwa kweqanda. Njengoba kuchaziwe ngaphambili, izinguquko ezinjalo zamahomoni zingaholela ekubeni uketshezi lwebebe lesibeletho lube lukhulu, lube lukhuni noma ukungabi biketshezi lwebebele nhlobo ngesikhathi sokukhishwa kweqanda.

4. Imithi

Ezinye izidakamizwa, njengezokulwa nokungezwani komzimba (antihistamines) noma imithi yamahomoni, zinganciphisa ukukhiqizwa koketshezi emzimbeni wonke. Uma uthatha imithi enjalo, kungenzeka ukuthi ungabona nhlobo uketshezi lwesitho sangasese sowesifazane ngesikhathi ukhulelwe.

5. Izifo Ezingaphansi Kwempilo

Izimo ezifana nesifo se-polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) noma ukungasebenzi kahle kwendlala yegilo zingaphazamisa ukukhishwa kweqanda nokukhiqizwa koketshezi lwebele lesibeletho. Ukuxhumana okungenzeka lapha nakho kuhlobene nezinguquko zamahomoni.

6. Ukuguga

Njengoba abesifazane besondela esikhathini sokungayi esikhathini ngokuphelele — isikhathi lapho umjikelezo wokuya esikhathini uyama unomphela — baqala ukubona izinguquko ezahlukene ekuzaleni kwabo. Enye yalezi zinguquko ukuncipha kokukhiqizwa koketshezi lwebele lesibeletho, okwenzeka ngoba ukukhiqizwa kwamahomoni okuzala afana ne-estrogen kuqala ukwehla.

Ingabe Ungakhulelwa Ungenaso Isikhwehlela Sezibeletho Esifana Neqanda Elimhlophe?

Kungenzeka ukhulelwe ngisho noma ungaboni uketshezi lwebele lesibeletho olufana neqanda elimhlophe noma uketshezi lokukhulelwa kokuqala. Nokho, amathuba akho angase ehle kancane ngoba ukusinda nokuhamba kwesidoda kulula kakhulu koketshezi lwebele lesibeletho elikhulisa inzalo. Futhi, uketshezi lwebele lesibeletho olungazalisi noma ukungabi biketshezi nhlobo kungadala indawo engawusekeli kahle umsoco wesidoda.

Ungasisebenzisa Kanjani Ukukhiqizwa Koketshezi Lwebele Lesibeletho?

Uma uhlele ukukhulelwa, kufanele uthuthukise ukukhiqizwa koketshezi lomlomo wesibeletho ukuze unciphise izinto ezinganciphisa amathuba okukhulelwa.

Ukuphuza amanzi anele kungasiza umzimba ukukhiqiza uketshezi oluncane olusiza ukunyakaza kwezinhlanyelo nokukhulelwa. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, uma unanxa omkhulu, ungase ubone uketshezi lomlomo wesibeletho olujiyile noma ukoma ngokuphelele. Uketshezi lomlomo wesibeletho olujiyile noma ukungabikho kwalo kungakhuphula ubunzima bokuchamiseka kweqanda.

Ngaphezu kokusebenza ekuthuthukiseni uketshezi lomlomo wesibeletho, ungase futhi usebenzise ama-lubricant ahambisana nokuzala ngesikhathi socansi. La ma-lubricant afanekisa uketshezi lomlomo wesibeletho ngesikhathi sokuzala futhi enza kube lula ukunyakaza kwezinhlanyelo kuye eqandeni.

Ungawakhulisa Kanjani Amathuba Okukhulelwa?

Uma uzama ukukhulelwa futhi ungaboni uketshezi lomlomo wesibeletho olufana nomhluzi weqanda elimhlophe, usengakwazi ukukhulisa amathuba akho ngezindlela ezilandelayo:

1. Landelela Ukuchama Iqanda

Imibiko ikhombisa ukuthi iqanda lowesifazane lingaphila amahora angu-12 kuya kwayi-24 kuphela, kanti inhlanyelo yesilisa ingaphila kuze kufike ezinsukwini ezingu-5 ohlelweni lokuzala lowesifazane [9]. Lokhu kusho ukuthi ukuchama iqanda yiso kuphela isikhathi emjikelezweni wokuya esikhathini kowesifazane lapho amathuba okuchamiseka kwezinhlanyelo neqanda ephakeme kakhulu.

Uma ukwazi ukulandelela ngempumelelo izinsuku zokuchama iqanda futhi uhlele ucansi ngaphambi nje kosuku lokuchama iqanda noma ngosuku lokuchama iqanda, ungakhulisa amathuba okuchamiseka kweqanda nokukhulelwa. Ungasebenzisa amakhithi okubikezela ukuchama iqanda, ulandelele izinga lokushisa komzimba wakho eliyisisekelo, noma usebenzise i-isibali sokuchama iqanda ukuze ubone izinsuku zakho ozala kakhulu.

2. Gcina Ukudla Okunempilo

Ucwaningo lukhombisa ukuthi ukudla kuhlotshaniswa kakhulu nempilo yokuzala kowesifazane namathuba okukhulelwa [10]. Izakhamzimba ezifana ne-folic acid, i-iodine, i-calcium, i-iron, kanye ne-vitamin D zingasekela ukukhiqizwa kwamaqanda anempilo nokulingana kwamahomoni kwabesifazane. Ungathola lezi zakhamzimba ekudleni okulinganiselayo okunothe ngezithelo, imifino, okusanhlamvu okuphelele, kanye namaprotheni anamafutha amancane.

3. Izithasiselo Zokuzala

Nakuba ukudla okulinganiselayo kufanele kube yinto yokuqala oyinaka ukuze uthole izakhamzimba ezibalulekile ekuzaleni, kungase kunganele kubo bonke. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi kwezinye izimo ngisho nokudla okulinganiselayo kungase kungahlangabezani nezidingo zakho zokudla okunomsoco.

Ezimeni ezinjalo, ochwepheshe bezokuzala batusa ukuthatha izithasiselo zokuzala kwabesifazane, okuyizithasiselo eziklanyelwe ngokukhethekile ukuthuthukisa impilo yokuzala kowesifazane. Lezi zithasiselo zikunikeza imisoco efana ne-folic acid, i-calcium, i-iron, i-zinc, i-iodine kanye neminye imisoco eminingi ebalulekile empilweni yokuzala.

4. Nciphisa Ingcindezi

Ingcindezi ibangela ukwanda kokukhiqizwa kwehomoni ebizwa nge-cortisol. Izifundo zibonisa ukuthi le homoni ingaphazamisa umjikelezo wokuya esikhathini futhi yenze kube nzima ukulandelela isikhathi sakho sokuvuthwa kweqanda noma izinsuku zakho ozala kakhulu [11].

Amasu okuphumula njengokwenza i-yoga, ukuzindla, noma ukuphefumula okujulile angakusiza ukuphatha ingcindezi ngokuphumelelayo. Uma ungakwazi ukubhekana nengcindezi, qiniseka ukuthi uxhumana nochwepheshe ukuze ugweme imiphumela emibi yayo empilweni yakho yokuzala.

5. Gwema Izinto Eziyingozi

Izifundo zibonisa ukuthi izinto eziyingozi ezifana nokubhema, utshwala, nezinye izidakamizwa zokuzijabulisa zingalimaza ikhwalithi yeqanda lowesifazane futhi zehlise kakhulu amathuba okuthi akhulelwe [12].

Noma ngabe usukhulelwe, lezi zinto zingakhuphula ubungozi bezinkinga zokukhulelwa kanye nokuzalwa kwezingane ezinezinkinga zokubeletha. Uma uhlela ukukhulelwa, kufanele ugweme noma unciphise lezi zinto ukuze uthole imiphumela engcono.

Kufanele uye nini kudokotela uma ungenawo uketshezi ngesikhathi sokuvuthwa kweqanda?

Uma njalo uqaphela ukuthi awunawo uketshezi ngesikhathi sokuvuthwa kweqanda futhi uhlupheka ekuzameni ukukhulelwa, kungenzeka ukuthi ubhekene nezinkinga ezithile zokuzala. Uma kunjalo, kuwumqondo omuhle ukufuna ukuwelulekwa uchwepheshe wezokuzala.

Uchwepheshe wezokuzala uzohlola izimbangela ezingaba khona, njengokungalingani kwamahomoni noma izifo ezifihlekile, bese encoma ukwelashwa okungathuthukisa amathuba akho okubamba iqanda.

Okubalulekile ekugcineni

Ukukhiqizwa koketshezi lomlomo wesibeletho noma uketshezi ngesikhathi sokuvuthwa kweqanda kukhombisa ukuthi uyazala futhi amathuba okukhulelwa akhuphukile. Abesifazane abaningi abakwazi ukubona lolu ketshezi ngesikhathi sokuvuthwa kweqanda bese bebuza imibuzo enjengokuthi, "Akukho ketshezi ngesikhathi sokuvuthwa kweqanda ngabe ngikhulelwe, noma akukho uketshezi olufana neqanda elimhlophe lomlomo wesibeletho ngingakwazi yini nokho ukukhulelwa?"

Ukungabi bikho koketshezi lwesitho sangasese ngesikhathi sokuvuthwa kweqanda akusho ngempela ukuthi ukhulelwe. Futhi, ezimweni eziningi akusho nokuthi awunakho ukuzala. Izinto eziningi, njengokungalingani kwamahomoni, ukoma emzimbeni, noma umehluko wemvelo emzimbeni, zingathinta ukukhiqizwa kuketshezi lomlomo wesibeletho futhi kuholele ekutheni kungabikho uketshezi ngesikhathi sokuvuthwa kweqanda.

Uma usola ukuthi ungase ukhulelwe, kufanele ubheke ezinye izimpawu zokukhulelwa noma uqhubeke nokwenza ukuhlolwa kokukhulelwa ukuze uqinisekise ukuthi ukhulelwe yini.

Imibuzo ejwayelekile

1. Anginawo nhlobo uketshezi oluphuma ngesikhathi sokuvuthwa kweqanda, lokhu kusho ukuthini?

Uma uqaphela ukuthi awunawo nhlobo uketshezi ngesikhathi sokuvuthwa kweqanda, lokho kungabangelwa izinguquko ezijwayelekile emzimbeni futhi kungabi yinto ekhathazayo. Nokho, kwezinye izimo, ukungabi bikho nhlobo koketshezi noma ukuba noketshezi okungabonakali kuthwalisa inzalo kungase kubonise inkinga yokungazali engathinta amathuba akho okukhulelwa.

2. Yiziphi ezinye izimpawu zokuvuthwa kweqanda uma kungekho nhlobo uketshezi?

Uma ungabi nalutho uketshezi ngesikhathi sokuvuthwa kweqanda kodwa ufuna ukulandelela izinsuku zakho zokuvuthwa kweqanda, kufanele ubheke ezinye izimpawu zokuvuthwa kweqanda ezifana nokubamba kancane esiswini, ukwanda kwezinga lokushisa komzimba lapho uphumule (basal body temperature) nokwanda kwesifiso socansi (libido).

3. Ingabe ungakhulelwa uma ungavuthwa amaqanda?

Ukukhulelwa kwenzeka ngemva kokuba iseli lesidoda likhulelise iqanda elikhishwe ngesikhathi sokuvuthwa kweqanda (ovulation). Uma ungavuthwa amaqanda, lokho kusho ukuthi akukho seli leqanda elitholakalayo ukuze likhuleliswe, ngakho-ke ukukhulelwa ngeke kwenzeke.

Imithombo esetshenzisiwe

1. Najmabadi, S., Schliep, K. C., Simonsen, S. E., Porucznik, C. A., Egger, M. J., & Stanford, J. B. (2021e). Amaphethini oketshezi lomlomo wesibeletho nefesitela lokuzala kwabesifazane abangaziwa njengabanezinkinga zokungazali: ukuhlaziywa ndawonye kwamaqoqo amathathu. Human Reproduction, 36(7), 1784–1795. https://doi.org/10.1093/humrep/deab049 
2. Professional, C. C. M. (2024af, December 19). Uketshezi lomlomo wesibeletho. Cleveland Clinic. https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/body/21957-cervical-mucus 
3. Kuyini ukopha kokufakelwa (Implantation Bleeding)? American Pregnancy Association. https://americanpregnancy.org/pregnancy-symptoms/what-is-implantation-bleeding/ 
4. Walker, M. H., & Tobler, K. J. (2022, December 19). Ukungazali kwabesifazane. StatPearls - NCBI Bookshelf. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK556033/ 
5. Najmabadi, S., Schliep, K. C., Simonsen, S. E., Porucznik, C. A., Egger, M. J., & Stanford, J. B. (2021f). Amaphethini oketshezi lomlomo wesibeletho nefesitela lokuzala kwabesifazane abangaziwa njengabanezinkinga zokungazali: ukuhlaziywa ndawonye kwamaqoqo amathathu. Human Reproduction, 36(7), 1784–1795. https://doi.org/10.1093/humrep/deab049 
6. Chappell, C. A., Rohan, L. C., Moncla, B. J., Wang, L., Meyn, L. A., Bunge, K., & Hillier, S. L. (2014). Imiphumela yama-hormone okuzala ezimfanelweni zomzimba zoketshezi lomlomo wesibeletho nowesitho sangasese sowesifazane. American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology, 211(3), 226.e1-226.e7. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajog.2014.03.041 
7. Phuza Ngokwanelekile Ngesikhathi Sehlobo: Ukubaluleka Kokunisela umzimba (hydration) | Stony Brook Medicine. (n.d.). Stony Brook Medicine. https://www.stonybrookmedicine.edu/islandfertility/news/hydration 
8. Ranabir, S., & Reetu, K. (2011b). Ukucindezeleka nama-hormone. Indian Journal of Endocrinology and Metabolism, 15(1), 18. https://doi.org/10.4103/2230-8210.77573 
9. Pregnancy - ukubona izinsuku ozala kakhulu ngazo: MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia. (n.d.-h). https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/007015.htm 
10. Skoracka, K., Ratajczak, A. E., Rychter, A. M., Dobrowolska, A., & Krela-Kaźmierczak, I. (2021c). Ukuzala kwabesifazane nendlela yokudla: Izici ezibaluleke kakhulu. Advances in Nutrition, 12(6), 2372–2386. https://doi.org/10.1093/advances/nmab068 
11. Karunyam, B. V., Karim, A. K. A., Mohamed, I. N., Ugusman, A., Mohamed, W. M. Y., Faizal, A. M., Abu, M. A., & Kumar, J. (2023). Ukungazali kanye ne-cortisol: ukubuyekezwa okuhlelelwe kahle. Frontiers in Endocrinology, 14. https://doi.org/10.3389/fendo.2023.1147306 
12. De Angelis, C., Nardone, A., Garifalos, F., Pivonello, C., Sansone, A., Conforti, A., Di Dato, C., Sirico, F., Alviggi, C., Isidori, A., Colao, A., & Pivonello, R. (2020). Ukubhema, utshwala nokuluthwa izidakamizwa kanye nokuzala kwabesifazane. Reproductive Biology and Endocrinology, 18(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12958-020-0567-7