Ukwanda kwezimpawu ze-progesterone: kungani kwenzeka futhi nini kungajwayelekile

Amazinga e-progesterone ngokuvamile ayakhuphuka ngesikhathi sokuvuthwa kweqanda nokukhulelwa bese ehla ngokushesha lapho lezi zinqubo sezidedluliwe. Lapho amazinga e-progesterone ephakeme ngaphandle kwesikhathi sokuvuthwa kweqanda noma sokukhulelwa, kungase kubonise ukungalingani kwama-hormone, ama-cyst ku-ovary, i-congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH), ukukhulelwa kwe-mole, noma, uma ususeminyakeni ethile, ukuphelelwa yizikhathi (menopause). Ukukwazi ukubona ukukhuphuka kwezimpawu ze-progesterone kubalulekile ngoba kungasiza ukuthola lezi zimo ezingaphansi zisasekuqaleni.

Yini i-progesterone?

I-progesterone i-hormone yezocansi egcina ibhalansi ne-estrogen nezinye ama-hormone ukuze isekele ukusebenza komzimba, uhlelo lokuzala, umjikelezo wokuya esikhathini, nokukhulelwa. [1]

I-progesterone eyenziwe ngokufakelwa, evame ukufakwa kumaphilisi okulamula ukukhulelwa noma ekwelashweni ngehomoni, yaziwa ngokuthi i-progestin.  

I-progesterone ngesikhathi sokuvuthwa kweqanda (ovulation)

Ngesikhathi sokuvuthwa kweqanda lapho iqanda likhishwa khona, i-follicle elivela kuyo ku-ovary liyayancipha libe yinqwaba yamaseli bese liba i-corpus luteum. I-corpus luteum bese yikhulisa ukukhiqizwa kwe-progesterone ukuze ilungiselele futhi iwugcwalise udonga lwesibeletho (i-endometrium) ukuze lwamukele iqanda elichumisekile (ukuzimila/implantation).

Uma ukuchamiseka noma ukuzimila kweqanda kungaphumeleli, i-corpus luteum iyachithakala bese amazinga e-progesterone ehla abuyele kokujwayelekile.

Izimpawu zokwanda kwe-progesterone ezivame ukubonakala ngesikhathi sokuvuthwa kweqanda (ovulation) zihlanganisa:

• Ukubuhlungu kwamabele
• Ama-nipple abuhlungu
• Isifiso esikhulu sokudla okuthile (food cravings)
• Izinguquko kumafinyila wesibeletho (cervical mucus)
• Ukukhuphuka okuncane kwezinga lokushisa komzimba
• Ubuhlungu ohlangothini olulodwa lwesisu esingezansi

 I-progesterone nokukhulelwa

Lapho iqanda elichumisekile lizimila odongeni lwesibeletho, i-corpus luteum iyaqhubeka nokukhiqiza i-progesterone ukuze isekele ukukhulelwa kanye nembryo. Uma i-placenta seyakhiwe emasontweni angu-8-10, yona ithatha umsebenzi wokukhiqiza i-progesterone ukuze isekele umbungu okhulayo bese i-corpus luteum iyachithakala. [2] 

Ngokusebenzisa i-placenta, ukukhiqizwa kwe-progesterone kuyaqhubeka nokwanda ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa lapho umzimba womfazane ukhiqiza kuze kufike izikhathi ezingu-10 kunokujwayelekile ukuze kusekelwe ingane ekhula.

Ukukhuphuka kwe-progesterone futhi kusekela omama abakhulelwe ngokwehlisa ijubane lokukhula kwezicubu ngaphakathi esibelethweni nokukhuthaza ukukhula kwamathambo ukuze kugwenywe isifo samathambo abuthakathaka (osteoporosis).

Amazinga aphezulu e-progesterone futhi alungiselela amabele ukuze ancelise. Isebenza njengomchamo (diuretic) ukusiza ukugcina amazinga kasawoti noketshezi emzimbeni enempilo. Iphinde inciphise isifiso sokudla okumnandi ngenkathi isiza ukuguqula amafutha omzimba abe amandla ukuze kugcinwe isisindo esinempilo ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa. 

Izimpawu ze-progesterone ephezulu ekukhulelweni kokuqala

Uphawu lokuqala lokukhulelwa imvamisa kuba yisikhathi esilahlekile, futhi yize indlela kuphela yokuqinisekisa ukukhulelwa kuyivivinyo, lezi zimpawu ezilandelayo ze-progesterone ephezulu ekuqaleni kokukhulelwa [3] kunganikeza ezinye izinkomba ezengeziwe. Lezi zihlanganisa:

• Ukuvuvukala
• Ukuzwela kwamabele ikakhulukazi kuzo izindlala zobisi
• Ukukhanuka noma isifo sohudo
• Ukukhathala
• Imigraine noma ikhanda elibuhlungu
• Ukuphuma amabala egazi
• Ukuchama kaningi
• Isicanucanu sasekuseni
• Ukuqaqamba kwemisipha
• Ukuzizwa unemizwa ngokweqile

Uma uhlangabezana nalezi zimpawu, i-early response pregnancy test ingasiza ukuqinisekisa ukukhulelwa kusenesikhathi.

Yini Ezokwenza Ukukhuphuka Kwe-Progesterone Kungabi Okuvamile?

Ngaphandle kokuvuthwa kwamaqanda nokukhulelwa, amazinga aphezulu e-progesterone awajwayelekile futhi ngokuvamile abonisa isimo esiyisisekelo njengokungalingani kwama-hormone, ama-ovarian cyst, i-congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH), ukukhulelwa kwe-mole, noma i-menopause.

Ngenkathi ezinye zalezi zimo zidinga ukunakwa kwezokwelapha, akuzona zonke ezibanga ukukhathazeka.

Ukungalingani kwama-hormone okuhlanganisa amazinga aphezulu e-progesterone eminyakeni yokuzala kungabangelwa ama-progestin athile (i-progesterone eyenziwe ngokufakelwa) asetshenziswa emaphilisi okulawula ukuzala. Ucwaningo lutholile ukuthi izinhlobo ezithile zama-progestin zingaqongelela ezicutshini zomzimba uma zithathwe isikhathi eside. [4] 

Xoxisana nodokotela wakho wezifo zabesifazane nezokuvikela inzalo (OB/GYN) uma uhlangabezana nanoma yiziphi izimpawu zokwenyuka kwe-progesterone bese uzama olunye uhlobo lokuvikela inzalo.

Ama-ovarian cyst, ikakhulukazi ama-corpus luteum cyst, aziwa ngokubangela amazinga aphezulu e-progesterone ne-estrogen. Ngenyuka kwe-progesterone izimpawu zingabandakanya; ubuhlungu bezinsunu, ukuvuvukala, ubuhlungu besisu, noma ukuguquguquka kwemizwa okukhulu. [5]

Iningi lama-cyst e-corpus luteum liyanyamalala ngaphandle kwanoma yiluphi uhlobo lokwelashwa. Kodwa kwezinye izikhathi ezingavamile, ama-ovarian cyst angalimaza ama-ovary noma ama-fallopian tube futhi asuswe ngokuhlinzwa.  

I-Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia (CAH) ayivamile futhi ibhekisela eqenjini lezifo zofuzo ezithinta izindlala ze-adrenal, eziseduze phezulu kwawo wonke umphimbo wezinso. Lezi zindlala zikhiqiza futhi zilawule ama-hormone afana ne-cortisol, i-testosterone, ne-aldosterone. [6]

Kubantu abane-CAH, umzimba uswele ama-enzyme athile adingekayo ekukhiqizeni ama-hormone akhiqizwa yizindlala ze-adrenal. Lokhu kungabangela ukuthi umzimba ukhiqize ama-hormone amanye amancane kakhulu noma amaningi kakhulu, njengama-progesterone. I-CAH ayiyona isimo esibeka impilo engcupheni kodwa idinga imithi.  

Ukukhulelwa kwe-molar kwenzeka uma iqanda elichumile liguquka libe umdlavuza (owaziwa nangokuthi i-mole) esikhundleni sokuba umbungu. Umzimba ekuqaleni uphendula sengathi kuwukhukhulelwe olujwayelekile, ukhiqiza i-progesterone eningi ukuze ugcine i-endometrium futhi wakhe i-placenta.

Nokho, ubuhlungu besinqe, isicanucanu, ukopha esithweni sangasese sowesifazane, nokuphuma okungajwayelekile esithweni sangasese sowesifazane okunamaqhuqhuva kugcina kuvela.

Uma kungelashwa, ubungozi bokuthi ukukhulelwa kwe-molar kuphenduke uhlobo lomdlavuza olubizwa nge-choriocarcinoma buphezulu. Uma uhlangabezana nanoma yiziphi izimpawu ezihambisanayo, xhumana nodokotela wakho we-OB/GYN ngokushesha, ozokwenza cishe inqubo ebizwa nge-dilation and curettage (D\&C) abheke nanoma yiziphi izimpawu zomdlavuza.

Isikhathi sokuyeka ukuya esikhathini, kanye nesigaba sokushintsha ngaphambi kwaso esaziwa ngokuthi i-perimenopause, kungaholela ekwandeni kwe-progesterone ngenxa yokwehla kwamazinga e-estrogen kulesi sikhathi sempilo. [7] I-perimenopause ngokuvamile iqala ekupheleni kweminyaka yama-40 kuya ekuqaleni kwama-50 kodwa yenzeka kusenesikhathi kwabanye abesifazane.

Ngenxa yokwehla kwamazinga e-estrogen, futhi ngokuzenzakalelayo kukhuphuke i-progesterone, izimpawu zokuyeka ukuya esikhathini zingabandakanya okulandelayo:

• Ukungajwayelekile komjikelezo wokuya esikhathini
• Ukushintshashintsha kwemizwa
• Ukuwa ukuphazamiseka kokulala
• Ukwehla kwesifiso socansi
• Ukomo kwelungu lobufazi
• I-dyspareunia (ubuhlungu ngesikhathi socansi ngenxa yokoma kwelungu lobufazi)
• Ukuvuza komchamo
• Ukwanda kwezifo zangamathumbu omchamo (UTIs)
• Ukudangala noma ukukhathazeka ngokweqile
• Ubungozi obuphakeme bokuphuka kwamathambo kanye ne-osteoporosis

Ukwelashwa ngehomoni kuvame ukunqunywa ukuze kulungiswe kabusha ibhalansi ye-estrogen ne-progesterone ngesikhathi se-perimenopause nangesikhathi sokuyeka ukuya esikhathini ngokuphelele (menopause). Nokho, ukwengeza i-estrogen kulesi sikhathi sempilo nakho kungakhuphula ubungozi bomdlavuza wesibeletho nowamabele.

Ngendlela yemvelo kakhulu, isengezo esisekelwe ezitshalweni esibizwa nge-Chasteberry sifana nemiphumela ye-estrogen emzimbeni futhi sisiza ukulawula amahomoni okuphela kokuya esikhathini. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izithasiselo zokusekela ukuzala eziqukethe izakhi ezibalulekile kanye nama-extract ezitshalo zingasiza ukulawula ibhalansi yamahomoni ngendlela yemvelo.

Nini Ongathintana Ngakho Nodokotela Wakho

Kuhle ukubonana nodokotela wakho uma uhlangabezana nanoma yiziphi izimpawu ezishiwo ngenhla ezihlotshaniswa nokwanda kwe-progesterone ngaphandle kwesikhathi sokuvuthwa kweqanda noma ukukhulelwa. Ikakhulukazi uma lezi zimpawu ziqhubeka futhi zithinta izinga lekhwalithi yempilo yakho.

Isiphetho

Amazinga e-progesterone akhuphuka ngokwemvelo ngesikhathi sokuvuthwa kweqanda (ovulation) nangesikhathi sokukhulelwa. Ngaphandle kwalezi zinqubo ezimbili zomzimba, i-progesterone ephezulu ayivamile futhi ingaholela ezimpawini ezingakhululekile.

Yize amazinga aphezulu e-progesterone engavamile ukuba yingozi empilweni, ukuhlolwa kwegazi kungasiza ekutholeni imbangela, futhi izimpawu ngokuvamile zincipha uma izinga lamahomoni selibuyiselwe kokujwayelekile.  

Izinkomba

1. You and Your Hormones - Kuyini i-Progesterone - https://www.yourhormones.info/hormones/progesterone/
2. American  Pregnancy Association - Ukuthuthuka Komntwana Osesesibelethweni Kusenesikhathi - https://americanpregnancy.org/healthy-pregnancy/pregnancy-health-wellness/early-fetal-development/
3. Very Well Health - Izimpawu Zokukhulelwa Eziqala Kusenesikhathi - https://www.verywellhealth.com/early-pregnancy-symptoms-before-missed-period-7500769
4. Science Direct - Imiphumela yesigaba se-hormonal contraceptive nokuzalanisa kwe-progestin ekukhululekeni kwe-cortisol ne-progesterone okubangelwa ukucindezeleka - https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352289518300857?via%3Dihub
5. Springer Link - Ukubukeka kwe-radiological kwama-corpus luteum cysts kanye nokufana kwawo kwezithombe - https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00261-016-0780-1
6. Cleveland Clinic - I-Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia - https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/17817-congenital-adrenal-hyperplasia
7. Endocrine Society - Isikhathi Sokuyeka Umjikelezo Wokuya Esikhathini (Menopause) - https://www.endocrine.org/patient-engagement/endocrine-library/menopause