Ihlolovivi Lokopha Ngesikhathi Isibungu Sifakwa: Indlela Yokuhlukanisa Phakathi Kokopha Kokuya Esikhathini Nokopha Ngesikhathi Isibungu Sifakwa

Ukukwazi umehluko phakathi kokopha kokufakelwa nomjikelezo wakho ojwayelekile wokuya esikhathini kubalulekile kwabesifazane abafisa ukukhulelwa. Zonke lezi zinhlobo zokopha zingabukeka ziyefana kodwa zinezimfanelo ezihlukile ezisiza ukuziqaphela. Ngakho-ke, kungani singakusizi ukuba uzibone kahle ngokusebenzisa uhlolo lokopha kokufakelwa? Ake sihlole ukuthi ungawubona kanjani umehluko phakathi kwalokhu kubili futhi sinikeze ukuqonda ngendlela yohlelo lohlolo.

Yini Ukopha Kokufakelwa?

Ukopha kokufakelwa kwenzeka lapho iqanda elichamisekisiwe linamathela odongeni lwesibeletho, kubangele ukuchaphazeleka okuncane. Lokhu kuvame ukwenzeka phakathi kwezinsuku ezingu-10 kuya kwezingu-14 ngemuva kokuvuthwa kweqanda, okusondele esikhathini abaningi abakulindela ukuba uqale kulo ukuya esikhathini. Udideko olukhulu luvela ngoba ukopha kokufakelwa kungabukeka kufana nesiqalo somjikelezo wokuya esikhathini, kodwa kukhona umehluko obalulekile ongakusiza uhlukanise lawa mabili. Nokho, izifundo zitholile ukuthi iningi labesifazane libhekana okungenani nosuku olulodwa lokopha okukhanyayo kakhulu ezinsukwini zokuqala zokukhulelwa, ngisho noma bengenazo izimpawu zokukhulelwa [1].

Uhlolo lwe-Implantation Bleeding vs Period: Umehluko Obalulekile

• Ukugeleza nesikhathi: Ukopha kokufakelwa kuvamise ukuba kuncane kakhulu kunokujwayelekile kokuya esikhathini. Kuvame ukuchazwa njengokuchaphazeleka (spotting), okusho ukuthi ngeke kudinge okungaphezu kwephedi eyodwa noma ezimbili ezincane noma amapanty liner. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ukopha kokuya esikhathini kuvame ukuba kuningi. Kuvame ukudinga ukushintsha amaphakethe e-pad noma ama-tampon aphakathi kuka-4 no-8. Ukopha kokufakelwa kuvamise ukuqhubeka usuku olulodwa kuya kwezimbili, kuyilapho ukuya esikhathini kuqhubeka izinsuku ezimbili kuya kwezingu-7 [2].

• Umbala: Umbala wokopha kokufakelwa ungakunikeza umkhondo. Ivamise ukuba mpinkana noma nsundu, kanti igazi lokuya esikhathini ngokuvamile libomvu kakhulu noma libe bomvu obumnyama njengoba ukugeleza kuya kuba nzima.

• Isikhathi: Uma ubona ukopha okuncane ngesikhathi lapho kufanele kufike ngaso isikhathi sakho sokuya esikhathini kodwa kuphele masinyane, kungase kube ukopha kokufakwa kombungu. Isikhathi sokuya esikhathini ngokujwayelekile silandela iphethini elizinzile kakhulu. Ukufakwa kombungu kwenzeka ngaphambi kokuya esikhathini, ngokuvamile phakathi kosuku lwe-20 kuya kolwe-24 lomjikelezo wezinsuku ezingama-28.

• Ukuqunjelwa: Nakuba zombili izinhlobo zokopha zingahambisana nokuqunjelwa, ukuqunjelwa okuhambisana nokufakwa kombungu kuvame ukuba kubuthaka kakhulu futhi kube yisikhashana uma kuqhathaniswa nokuqunjelwa kwesikhathi sokuya esikhathini. Abanye besifazane bachaza ukuqunjelwa okubangelwa ukukhulelwa njengokuhlaba okuncane noma umuzwa wokuthintwa kancane.

• Ukuqina kwegazi (Clotting): Igazi lokuya esikhathini livame ukuba namaqhuqhuva, ikakhulukazi uma seliningi, kanti ukopha kokufakwa kombungu akuhambisani namaqhuqhuva.

Ihlolovivinywa: Ingabe Lokhu Ukopha Kokufakwa Kombungu Noma Isikhathi Sakho Sokuya Esikhathini?

Ngakho-ke sihlelele ihlolovivinywa elithi "ukopha kokufakwa kombungu noma isikhathi sokuya esikhathini" ukuze sikusize unqume ukuthi yini oyikhathalelayo. Phendula imibuzo elandelayo ukuze uqonde isimo sakho:

Q. Ukuqina kokopha kukangakanani?

• Kukhanyayo, amabala ambalwa nje (Ukufakwa kombungu)
• Kuningi ngendlela yokuthi kumanzise amaphedi ngokuphelele (Isikhathi sokuya esikhathini)

Q. Yimuphi umbala wegazi?

• Ompinki noma onsundu (Ukufakwa kombungu)
• Bomvu obukhanyayo noma obumnyama (Isikhathi sokuya esikhathini)

Q. Kuhlale isikhathi esingakanani?

• Usuku olulodwa noma amabili (Ukufakwa kombungu)
• Izinsuku eziningana, ngokuvamile phakathi kwezinsuku ezi-2 kuya kwezi-7 (Isikhathi sokuya esikhathini)

Q. Ingabe uzwa ukuqunjelwa?

• Kuncane futhi kudlula masinyane (Ukufakwa kombungu)
• Kunzima kakhulu, kuqhubeke sonke isikhathi sokopha (Isikhathi sokuya esikhathini)

Q. Ukopha kwenzeke nini?

• Cishe izinsuku eziyisi-6 kuya kweziyi-12 ngemuva kokukhishwa kweqanda (Ukufakwa kombungu)
• Cishe izinsuku eziyi-14 ngemuva kokukhishwa kweqanda, kuhambisana nokuqala kwesikhathi sakho esijwayelekile sokuya esikhathini (Isikhathi sokuya esikhathini)

Uma iningi lezimpendulo zakho libonisa ukopha okukhanyayo, okwesikhashana okufika nezinhlungu ezincane zokuqunjelwa cishe ngesikhathi okufanele kufike ngaso isikhathi sakho sokuya esikhathini, kungenzeka ukuthi uhlangabezana nokopha kokufakwa kombungu. Nokho, indlela kuphela yokuqiniseka wukuthatha ukuhlolwa kokukhulelwa ngemuva kokuthi usuphuze isikhathi sakho sokuya esikhathini.

Ezinye Izimbangela Zokopha

Kubalulekile nokho ukuqaphela ukuthi akusho ukuthi yonke imihuzuko noma ukopha phakathi nezikhathi noma ekuqaleni kokukhulelwa kuwukopha kokufakelwa. Izimo ezifana nokopha okudlula phakathi nezikhathi, ukungalingani kwamahomoni, noma ngisho nezinkinga zokukhulelwa ezifana nokulahlekelwa ukukhulelwa (miscarriage) noma ukukhulelwa okuyinqaba (ectopic pregnancy) zingadala ukopha. Ukopha okuningi kuvame kakhulu kakhulu futhi kwenzeka kuphela ku-8% wabesifazane ngesikhathi sezigaba zokuqala zokukhulelwa. Imvamisa, imihuzuko nokopha okuncane kujwayelekile ezinsukwini zokuqala. Nokho, uma unesimo sokopha okuqhubekayo, kungcono ukubonana nodokotela wakho wezempilo [3].

Isikhathi Sokwenza Ukuhlolwa Kokukhulelwa

Uma usola ukuthi kungaba ukopha kokufakelwa, isikhathi esinembile kakhulu sokwenza ukuhlolwa kokukhulelwa yisemuva kokuthi uphuthelwe yisikhathi sakho sokuya esikhathini. Izivivinyo zokukhulelwa zilinganisa ihomoni ebizwa nge-human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG), eqala kuphela ukukhiqizwa ngemva kokuthi iqanda elichumile selinamathisele odongeni lwesibeletho. Ukuhlola kusenesikhathi kakhulu kungaholela empendulweni engamanga ethi awukhulelwe.

Imicabango Yokugcina

Ngakho lapha siphetha ukuhlolwa kolwazi mayelana nokopha kwenqubo yokufakelwa kwembryo. Sithemba ukuthi manje usunombono onemininingwane mayelana nalesi sibonakaliso esivamile sokuqala sokukhulelwa njengoba sivame ukudideka nokuba ukuya esikhathini okuncane. Ngokukuqonda isikhathi, indlela okugeleza ngayo, umbala, nezimpawu ezihambisana nakho, ungakwazi ukuhlola kangcono lokho okwenzekayo emzimbeni wakho. Uma ungabaza, ukuhlolwa kokukhulelwa noma ukubonisana nochwepheshe bezempilo kungakunikeza impendulo ecacile.

Ukuqonda le mehluko ebalulekile kungakusiza ukuthi udlule kulesi sikhathi esididayo, kodwa hlale ulalela umzimba wakho futhi ufune izeluleko kwezokwelashwa uma kukhona okuzwayo okungahambi kahle.

Imithombo-

1. Harville EW, Wilcox AJ, Baird DD, Weinberg CR. Ukopha esithweni sangasese sowesifazane ekuqaleni kakhulu kokukhulelwa. Hum Reprod. 2003 Sep;18(9):1944-7. doi:10.1093/humrep/deg379. PMID: 12923154.
2. E.W. Harville, A.J. Wilcox, D.D. Baird, C.R. Weinberg, Ukopha kwesitho sangasese sowesifazane ekuqaleni kakhulu kokukhulelwa, Human Reproduction, Volume 18, Issue 9, September 2003, Pages 1944–1947, https://doi.org/10.1093/humrep/deg379 
3. Hasan R, Baird DD, Herring AH, Olshan AF, Jonsson Funk ML, Hartmann KE. Amaphethini nezinto ezibikezelayo zokopha esithweni sangasese sowesifazane esigabeni sokuqala sokukhulelwa. Ann Epidemiol. 2010 Jul;20(7):524-31. doi:10.1016/j.annepidem.2010.02.006. PMID: 20538195; PMCID: PMC2884141.