Isibali sokuthi ungakhulelwa kanjani intombazane ngokwemvelo

Imibhangqwana eminingi ifisa ukuba nokulawula okuthile ngobulili bengane yabo lapho ihlela ukukhulelwa. Ngokusekelwe ebufakazini besayensi, kusobala ukuthi amathuba okukhulelwa umfana nentombazane acishe alingane [1]. Nokho, imibhangqwana eminingi ifuna impendulo yombuzo ovamile othi, ukuthi ungakhulelwa kanjani intombazane ngokwemvelo.

Le mibuzo ikhona ngoba kukhona imicabango ethi umuntu angakwazi ukuthonya amathuba okukhulelwa intombazane noma umfana ngendlela yemvelo. Nokho, akukho ubufakazi obuningi besayensi obuqinisekisa le mibo, futhi akuyona inhloso enhle ukuyethemba ngokuphelele bese wakhe okulindelwe ngayo.

Kulesi sihloko, sizohlola le mibo futhi sichaze isayensi eyisizinda sayo ngendlela elula ngangokunokwenzeka. Lesi sihloko siphinde sikhulume ngamathuluzi awusizo afana nekhalkhuleyitha yokuthi ungakhulelwa kanjani intombazane ngokwemvelo kanye nekhalkhuleyitha yokuthi ungakhulelwa kanjani umfana ngokwemvelo.

ISIBALI SOKUVUTHWA KWEQANDA SAMAHHALA: Bala izinsuku zakho zokuvuthwa kweqanda lapha

Amakromosomu Obulili Kubantu: Yini Ekunqumayo Ubulili?

Umuntu ojwayelekile uphethe ama­pheya angama-23 wamakhromosomu [2]. Amanye ama­pheya angama-22 wamakromosomu kubantu, abizwa ngokuthi ama-autosome, anquma izici ezahlukene zomzimba nezofuzo ezifana nombala wamehlo, ubude, nezimo ezitholakala ngokuzalwa.

Yiyipheya lama-23 lekromosomu, elibizwa ngokuthi ikhromosomu yobulili, elinquma ubulili [3]. Kukhona izinhlobo ezimbili zamakromosomu obulili: u-X no-Y. Kowesifazane, la ngamakhromosomu amabili u-X, okwenza ipheya lama-23 libe yi-XX. Ngokuphambene, kukhona u-X no-Y kowesilisa, okwenza ipheya lama-23 libe yi-XY [3].

Amakromosomu Kuqanda Nasemgodini Wesidoda

Isidoda yiseli lokuzalana lowesilisa (i-gamete yomuntu wesilisa), kanti iqanda yiseli lokuzalana lowesifazane (i-gamete yomuntu wesifazane). Kokubili isidoda neqanda aqukethe ikhromosomu elilodwa lobulili, futhi lapho ehlangana, inhlanganisela yale makhromosomu obulili inquma ubulili bengane [3].

Indoda ikhiqiza izinhlobo ezimbili zama­seli esidoda. Amanye ala maseli esidoda aqukethe ikhromosomu u-X, kanti amanye aqukethe ikhromosomu u-Y. Ngokuphambene, owesifazane ukhiqiza kuphela amaqanda anekhromosomu u-X.

Ngakho-ke, ukuthi usana olusanda kuzalwa luyintombazane noma umfana kuncike kokulandelayo:

• Ingane Yentombazane (XX): Intombazane isukela lapho iqanda, elihlala lithwele ikhromosomu u-X, lifecethwa isidoda esiphinde sithwale ikhromosomu u-X. Lokhu kuhlangana kuholela kunhlanganisela ethi XX, okuyikhromosomu yobulili bowesifazane.
• Ingane Yomfana (XY): Umfana usukela lapho iqanda elithwele i-X lifecethwa isidoda esithwele ikhromosomu u-Y. Lokhu kuhlangana kukhiqiza inhlanganisela ethi XY, okuyikhromosomu yobulili bowesilisa.

Indlela Yokukhulelwa Nentombazane Ngendlela Yemvelo

Ngokusekelwe ebufakazini bokuthi isidoda sohlobo lwe-X sishesha kancane kodwa sinezimpilo ezide, kunezindlela eziningi zemvelo eziphakanyisiwe zokwandisa ithuba lokuzala intombazane [4]. Yize kungekho siqinisekiso sokuthi lezi zindlela zizosebenza, eminye imibhangqwana ikholelwa ukuthi zingasiza. Lezi zindlela noma amasu okuzama ukuzala intombazane zifaka phakathi:

1. Ukwabelana Ngocansi Ezinsukwini Ezimbalwa Ngaphambi Kokuqanda

Isidoda sohlobo lwe-X sishesha kancane kodwa sihlala isikhathi eside kunesidoda sohlobo lwe-Y [4]. Ukwabelana ngocansi ezinsukwini ezimbili kuya kwezintathu ngaphambi kokuqanda kunikeza isidoda sohlobo lwe-X ithuba lokusinda ohlelweni lokuzala lwesifazane, kuyilapho isidoda sohlobo lwe-Y esheshayo singase siphele amandla futhi sifile ngaphambi kokuba kwenzeke ukuqanda noma ukukhishwa kweqanda.

Ngakho-ke, kumelwe ulandelele isikhathi sokuqanda futhi uzame ukuhlela ukwabelana ngocansi njalo ezinsukwini ezimbili kuya kwezintathu ngaphambi kokuqanda [5]. Futhi, gwema ukwabelana ngocansi ngosuku olulodwa ngaphambi kokuqanda noma ngosuku lokuqanda, ngoba lokho kunganika isibonelelo esidodeni sohlobo lwe-Y esheshayo. Ngale ndlela, ungase uthathe amathuba angcono okuzala intombazane.

2. Ukungena Okungajulile

Ezinye imibono iphakamisa ukuthi ukungangeni kujule kunikeza isibonelelo esidodeni sohlobo lwe-X ngoba kubeka isidoda kude nesibeletho, lapho izimo zingekho kangako enzelwe isidoda sohlobo lwe-Y. Isidoda sohlobo lwe-X singahlala isikhathi eside endaweni yesitho sangasese sowesifazane, kuyilapho isidoda sohlobo lwe-Y sibhekana nobunzima kulezi zimo.

Izikhundla zokwabelana ngocansi eziholela ekungangeni kujule, njengale ye-missionary, zingaba yimpumela yombuzo ovamile othi: ungayenza kanjani intombazane uma ukhulelwa.

3. Ukudla Okusekela Ukuzala Intombazane

Ezinye izifundo ziphakamisa ukuthi ukudla okunothile nge-calcium ne-magnesium kungadala indawo enenzuzo ekwandiseni amathuba okuba nentombazane [6].

Ungadla imikhiqizo yobisi, imifino eluhlaza enamagqabi, namantongomane ukuze uthole i-calcium ne-magnesium eyanele. Futhi, gwema ukudla okunothile nge-potassium ne-sodium, okungase kunike isibonelelo esidodeni sohlobo lwe-Y [6].

4. Ukusebenzisa Isibali Sokukhulelwa Kwentombazane Encane

Ezinye izibali eziku-inthanethi zibikezela isikhathi esingcono kakhulu sokwabelana ngocansi ukuze wandise amathuba uma udidekile ngokuthi ungamzala kanjani intombazane. Ungasesha kalula ku-inthanethi u-\"how to have a baby girl naturally calculator\", futhi uzothola amathuluzi azokukhokhela ukubala izinsuku ezinhle kakhulu ongazama ngazo ngokuya ngomjikelezo wakho.

Indlela Yokuzala Umfana Ngokwemvelo

Emibhangqwaneni efisa ukuzala umfana, kugxilwa ekunikeza isibonelelo esidodeni sohlobo lwe-Y. Isidoda sohlobo lwe-Y siyashesha kodwa asihlali isikhathi eside njenge-X. Emibhangqwaneni ehlose ukuzala umfana, ukuqonda isikhathi nezindlela, njengalezo ezichazwe ku-indlela yokuzala umfana ngokwemvelo ngokuhlela isikhathi nezeluleko ezingcono kakhulu, kungasiza ukwandisa amathuba okuthi isidoda sohlobo lwe-Y sibe yiso esivundisa iqanda. Nazi ezinye izindlela ongakwazi ukusiza ngazo isidoda sohlobo lwe-Y ukuba sibe yiso ebangela ukufakelwa nokuzala umfana:

1. Ukwabelana Ngocansi Eduze Nesikhathi Sokuqanda

Njengoba isidoda sohlobo lwe-Y sihamba ngokushesha futhi sikwazi ukufinyelela eqandeni masinyane uma sikhululiwe, ukulala eduze ngangokunokwenzeka nosuku lokuphuma kweqanda kunikeza lesi sidoda amathuba angcono okufinyelela eqandeni kuqala. Ungasebenzisa izindlela zokulandelela isikhathi sokuphuma kweqanda ukuze ubeke ngokunembile usuku oluqondile lokuphuma kweqanda futhi uqinisekise ukuthi nilala ngokusondelana okukhulu ngangokunokwenzeka [5].

2. Ukunyuselwa Okujulile Lapho Nilala

Ukunyuselwa okujulile lapho nilala kusiza ukuthi isidoda sifakwe eduze nomlomo wesibeletho, lapho izimo zingase zithande khona isidoda sohlobo lwe-Y. Isidoda sohlobo lwe-Y siphila isikhathi esifushane, ngakho ukusibeka eduze neqanda kwandisa amathuba aso. Izindlela zokulala ezifana nokulala ngemuva (doggy style) noma ukuma zingasiza uma nizama ukuthola ingane yomfana ngokwemvelo.

3. Ukusebenzisa Isibali Sokuthola Ingane Yomfana

Amathuluzi aku-inthanethi, njengokubala kokuthi ungamtholaphi umfana ngokwemvelo, akusiza ukubikezela izikhathi ezinhle kakhulu zokuthola umfana ngokusekelwe kubude bomjikelezo wakho. La mathuluzi ngokuvamile akusiza ukuthi uthole izinsuku zakho zokuphuma kweqanda futhi aphakamise ukuhlela ukulala eduze kakhulu nosuku lokuphuma kweqanda ukuze kusizwe isidoda sohlobo lwe-Y.

Ungalandelela Kanjani Isikhathi Sokuphuma Kweqanda

Ukukwazi ukuthi kufanele nilale nini ukuze nithole intombazane noma umfana kuncike ekulandeleleni kahle isikhathi sokuphuma kweqanda. Nawa amanye amasosha asebenzayo okulandelela izinsuku zakho zokuphuma kweqanda:

1. Indlela Yekhalenda

Ukuze usebenzise indlela yekhalenda, kudingeka ulandelelele umjikelezo wakho wokuya esikhathini izinyanga ezimbalwa ukuze ulinganisele ukuthi kuphuma nini iqanda. Ngokusekelwe ekuqageleni okunembile ngobude nobujamo bomjikelezo wokuya esikhathini, ungabikezela isikhathi sokuphuma kweqanda nezinsuku ozithela ngazo kalula zokuthola ingane yentombazane noma yomfana. Izinhlelo zokusebenza ezihlukahlukene zokulandelela ukuzala kanye izibali zesikhathi sokuvuthwa kweqanda zikuvumela ukuthi uthole isikhathi sokuphuma kweqanda usebenzisa indlela yekhalenda.

2. Izinga Lokushisa Elisisekelo Lomzimba (BBT)

Ukuphuma kweqanda (ovulation) kubangela ukwanda okuncane kokushisa komzimba okuyisisekelo, ongakubona ngokulinganisa izinga lokushisa nsuku zonke ekuseni ngaphambi kokuphuma embhedeni. Le ndlela isebenza kahle kakhulu kwabesifazane abaqapha umjikelezo wabo wokuya esikhathini ngokucophelela.

3. Ukuqapha Uketshezi Lomlomo Wesibeletho

Uketshezi lomlomo wesibeletho (cervical mucus) uwuketshezi okukhiqizwa umlomo wesibeletho ozungeza umgodi ongenisa esibelethweni. Ngaphandle kwezinsuku zokuvuthwa kweqanda, lolu ketshezi luba lukhulu futhi luyeluleke ukuze luvimbele ukungena kwezinto eziyingozi esibelethweni. Kodwa ngesikhathi sokuvuthwa kweqanda, lolu ketshezi luba mancane futhi lube bushelezi ukuze kweluleke ukunyakaza kwesidoda ngaphakathi kwendlela yokuzala kowesifazane.

4. Amakhithi Okuhlela Isikhathi Sokuvuthwa Kweqanda

Uma umjikelezo wakho wokuya esikhathini ungajwayelekile, amakhithi okuhlela isikhathi sokuvuthwa kweqanda (ovulation predictor kits) angase abe yindlela efanele kakhulu. La makhithi okuhlola eza nephepha lokuhlola umchamo ukuze kutholakale ukwanda kwehomoni ebizwa nge-luteinizing hormone (LH) okwenzeka ngaphambi kokuvuthwa kweqanda.

Ungawakhulisa Kanjani Amathuba Akho Okukhulelwa?

Lapho uhlela ukukhulelwa kowesifazane noma kowesilisa, kubalulekile ukuthuthukisa ukuzala. Nansi eminye imidlalo ongakhulisa ngayo ukuzala kwakho futhi wande amathuba okukhulelwa:

1. Ukudla Okunempilo

Ucwaningo lubonisa ukuthi ukudla kunomthelela omkhulu empilweni yokukhulelwa kowesifazane namathuba akhe okukhulelwa [7]. Uma uhlela ukukhulelwa, kudingeka usekele impilo yakho yokuzala ngezinto ezondlayo ezifana ne-folate, insimbi, i-calcium ne-iodine.

Ungathola lezi zakhamzimba ngokudla ukudla okunjengezithelo, imifino, okusanhlamvu okuphelele, kanye namaprotheni anganamafutha amaningi. Uma ufuna izindlela zokuthi ungayikhulelwa kanjani intombazane noma owesifazane, ukudla ukudla okucebe nge-calcium ne-magnesium kungase kusize [6].

2. Cabanga Ngezithasiselo Zokuzala

Izithasiselo zokuzala zabesifazane zinikeza izakhamzimba ezibalulekile ezingasekela impilo yakho yokuzala futhi zithuthukise amathuba akho okukhulelwa. Odokotela bavame kuncoma izithasiselo zokuzala ukugwema ukushoda kokudla okuhlisela phansi impilo yokuzala yabesifazane.

Ungacabangela Ukusekela Ukuzala Kwabesifazane esivela ku Conceive Plus, isithasiselo sokuzala sabesifazane esidumile nesisebenzayo. Sineqoqo lamavithamini abalulekile afana ne-folic acid, i-vitamin D, i-calcium, i-magnesium kanye nensimbi, okusiza ukulawula ukuvuthwa kweqanda nokusekela impilo yokuzala iyonke.

3. Ukulala Ocansini Njalo

Ukulandela isikhathi sokuvuthwa kweqanda (ovulation) nokuhlela ukulala ocansini njalo ezinsukwini ezizungeze leso sikhathi kungakhulisa amathuba akho okukhulelwa. Njengoba amaseli esidoda engaphila kuze kufike ezinsukwini ezinhlanu emzimbeni wesifazane, ukulala ocansini njalo emuva kwezinsuku ezimbili kuya kwezintathu kuhlanganisa wonke iwindi lokuzala.

4. Sebenzisa Amafutha Okuthambisa Ahambisana Nokuzala

Ucwaningo lukhombisa ukuthi amafutha okuthambisa abathandanayo abavame ukuwasebenzisa ngesikhathi sokulala ocansini alimaza amaseli esidoda [8]. La mafutha okuthambisa angalimaza ukunyakaza kwesidoda futhi enze ukukhulelwa kube nzima.

Ukuze ugweme le ngozi, ongoti batusa ukusebenzisa amafutha okuthambisa ahambisana nokuzala. Uma ubheka izinketho, i Uwoyela Wokuthambisa Wokuzala we-Conceive Plus ingakusiza ukwandisa amathuba akho okukhulelwa. Lo kawoyela wokuthambisa kufakazelwe ngokwesayensi ukuthi ugcina u-99% wokuphila kwesidoda ngemva kwamahora amabili wokuchayeka.

Isifinyezo Esiyinhloko

Uma ufisa ukukhulelwa intombazane, eminye imibono ithi ungakhulisa amathuba ngokuvuna izimo ezithile. Le mibono isekelwe emcabangweni wokuthi isidoda esithwala i-X, esiholela ekutheni kuzalwe intombazane, sihamba kancane kunezidoda ezithwala i-chromosome Y kodwa siphila isikhathi eside.

Ngakho-ke, uma unelukuluku lokwazi ukuthi ungaba nentombazane kanjani, kufanele nibe nocansi izinsuku ezi-2 kuya kwezi-4 ngaphambi kokuvuthwa kweqanda futhi nigweme ukungena kujule. Amathuluzi afana nesibali sokuceba ukukhulelwa nentombazane ngendlela yemvelo angakusiza ukunquma isikhathi esifanele socansi ukuze ukhulelwe nentombazane.

Lezi zindlela zivuza i-sperm enama-chromosome u-X ehlala isikhathi eside, okwandisa amathuba okukhulelwa nentombazane. Nokho, kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuthi le mibonotheory ayikakavunyelwa ngokwesayensi futhi ayiqinisekisi impumelelo kuwo wonke amacala.

Imibuzo ejwayelekile

1. Iyiphi inyanga engcono kakhulu yokukhulelwa nentombazane?

Abanye abantu bakholelwa ukuthi imvelo ivuna ukukhulelwa kwamakhwenkwe kusukela ezinyangeni zikaSepthemba kuya kuNovemba nokukhulelwa kwamantombazane kusukela kuMashi kuya kuMeyi. Ngakho-ke, ngokwalolu cebo, uMashi, u-Ephreli noMeyi bangaba izinyanga ezintathu ezinhle kakhulu zokukhulelwa nentombazane.

2. Ungenza kanjani isiqiniseko sokuthi uzoba nentombazane?

Uma ufuna impendulo yokuthi ungakhulelwa kanjani nentombazane nokuqiniseka okuphelele, ungakhetha izinqubo ezifana nokukhethwa kwe-sperm okukhethiwe lapho kuvunyelwe kuphela i-sperm enama-chromosome u-X ukuthi ivundise iqanda.

ISIBALI SOKUVUTHWA KWEQANDA SAMAHHALA: Bala izinsuku zakho zokuvuthwa kweqanda lapha

Imithombo esebenzisiwe

1. Ritchie, H., & Roser, M. (2019, June 1). Isilinganiso sobulili. Our World in Data. https://ourworldindata.org/gender-ratio 
2. National Center for Biotechnology Information (US). (1998–). Ama-gene nezifo [Internet]. Bethesda, MD: National Center for Biotechnology Information (US). Imephu yama-chromosome. Kutholakala ku https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK22266/ 
3. Gilbert, S. F. (2000). Ukunqunywa kobulili ngamachromosome ezilwaneni ezincelisayo. Developmental Biology (6th ed.). Sinauer Associates. Kuthathwe ku https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK9967/ 
4. Rahman, M. S., & Pang, G. (2020). Imibono emisha ye-biology mayelana ne-spermatozoa ephethe ama-chromosome u-X no-Y. Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology, 7, 388. https://doi.org/10.3389/fcell.2019.00388
5. Su, W., Yi, C., Wei, Y., Chang, C., & Cheng, M. (2017). Ukutholwa kokuvuthwa kweqanda, ukubuyekeza izindlela ezitholakala njengamanje. Bioengineering & Translational Medicine, 2(3), 238. https://doi.org/10.1002/btm2.10058 
6. Noorlander, A. M., Geraedts, J. P., & Melissen, J. B. (2010). Ukukhethwa kwangaphambili kobulili bentombazane ngokudla kukamama kuhambisana nesikhathi socansi—ucwaningo olubheke phambili. Reproductive biomedicine online, 21(6), 794–802. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rbmo.2010.08.002 
7. Silvestris, E., Lovero, D., & Palmirotta, R. (2019). Ukudla okunempilo nokuzala kowesifazane: Ubudlelwano obuncikene omunye komunye. Frontiers in Endocrinology, 10, 346. https://doi.org/10.3389/fendo.2019.00346 
8. McInerney, K. A., Hahn, K. A., Hatch, E. E., Mikkelsen, E. M., Steiner, A. Z., Rothman, K. J., Sørensen, H. T., Snerum, T. M., & Wise, L. A. (2018). Ukusetshenziswa kokuthambisa ngesikhathi socansi nesikhathi sokukhulelwa: Ucwaningo lweqembu elibhekisiswayo kusengaphambili. BJOG : An International Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, 125(12), 1541. https://doi.org/10.1111/1471-0528.15218