Yiziphi amathuba akho okukhulelwa njalo ngenyanga?

Abesifazane banomjikelezo wokuzala wanyanga zonke, onquma ukuthi bangakhulelwa nini. Ngokungafani namadoda, akhiqiza isidoda njalo, abesifazane bangakhiqiza iqanda elilodwa kuphela ngomjikelezo owodwa wokuzala noma umjikelezo wokuya esikhathini [1].

Isigaba somjikelezo wokuya esikhathini lapho izivungu zikhipha khona amaqanda sibizwa ngokuthi ukuvuthwa kweqanda. Njengoba iqanda lowesifazane lingaphila amahora angu-12 kuya kwangama-24 kuphela, ukuze ukuchumiseka kwenzeke, isidoda kufanele sifinyelele eqandeni phakathi kwamahora ayi-12 kuya kwangama-24 emva kokuvuthwa kweqanda [2].

Yilokhu okwenza amathuba abesifazane okukhulelwa inyanga ngayinye abe mancipile. Abesifazane bangakhulisa amathuba abo okukhulelwa ngokuhlela ukuba nobulili ezinsukwini zokuvuthwa kweqanda.

Umjikelezo Wokuzala Kowesifazane

Uma ungowesifazane ozama ukukhulelwa, kufanele uqonde umjikelezo wakho wokuzala nokuthi uzohlela nini ukuba nobulili ukuze ube namathuba aphezulu okukhulelwa. Umjikelezo wokuzala kowesifazane uvamise ukuthatha izinsuku ezingama-28 kodwa ungahluka kuye ngempilo yomuntu iyonkana.

Isigaba se-follicular yisigaba sokuqala somjikelezo wokuya esikhathini, lapho ukuvuthwa kweqanda kuqala khona ngaphakathi kwe-follicle. I-follicle-stimulating hormone, noma i-FSH, iwuhomoni oyinhloko osekelayo ekubivunyelweni kwamangqamuzana amaqanda kulesi sigaba [1].

Lapho iqanda selivuthwe ngokuphelele ngaphakathi kwe-follicle, ihomoni ebizwa nge-luteinizing hormone noma LH ivuselela ukukhululwa kweqanda ku-follicle evuthiwe. Lesi sigaba somjikelezo wokuya esikhathini sibizwa ngokuthi ukuvuthwa kweqanda [3].

 Kwabesifazane, amathuba okukhulelwa inyanga ngayinye aphezulu kakhulu ezinsukwini zokuvuthwa kweqanda. Ngemva kwesigaba sokuya ngokuya kokuqanda, amahomoni e-estrogen ne-progesterone adala izinguquko eziningi ezindongeni zesibeletho ukulungiselela ukukhulelwa okungenzeka.

Nokho, uma ukuchumiseka kungenzeki, udonga lwesibeletho luqala ukuchitheka ngenxa yokwehla kwamazinga e-estrogen ne-progesterone. Lesi sigaba sibizwa ngokuthi isigaba sokuya esikhathini.

Ukubaluleka Kokuvuthwa Kweqanda Ekukhulelweni

Ukuvuthwa kweqanda kuwukukhululwa kweqanda elivuthiwe esivungeni liye esiteshini se-fallopian [3]. Iqanda liphila amahora ayi-12 kuya kwangama-24 futhi lilinde amaseli esidoda ukuze kube nokuchumiseka.

Ukuze ukukhulelwa kwenzeke, isidoda kufanele sihlangane neqanda esiteshini se-fallopian phakathi nalesi sikhathi esifushane. Lokhu kusho ukuthi owesifazane udinga ukuhlela ukuba nobulili ezinsukwini zakhe zokuvuthwa kweqanda. Owesifazane angalandelela ukuvuthwa kweqanda ngokubheka izinguquko emchamweni wesibeletho, izinga lokushisa komzimba, kanye namakhithi okubikezela ukuvuthwa kweqanda.

Iwindi Lokuzala Nethuba Lokukhulelwa

Iwindi lokuzala yisikhathi sezinsuku eziyisithupha phakathi nomjikelezo wokuya esikhathini lapho ukukhulelwa kungenzeka kakhulu. Lokhu kuhlanganisa izinsuku ezinhlanu eziholela ekukhishweni kwamaqanda kanye nosuku lokukhishwa kwamaqanda uqobo.

Ngesikhathi sewindi lokuzala, isikhathi esimaphakathi sokukhulelwa ngokobudala siphansi. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi iqanda liyatholakala ngesikhathi sewindi lokuzala, kanti isidoda singaphila emgudwini wokuzala kuze kube yizinsuku ezinhlanu.

Uma ucansi lwenziwa ngesikhathi sewindi lokuzala, isidoda siba namathuba angcono okufinyelela iqanda nokulifaka inzalo uma selikhishiwe. Izifundo zibonisa ukuthi ukuhlela isikhathi socansi kuleli windi kuthuthukisa kakhulu amathuba okukhulelwa [4].

Abesifazane Bangawandisa Kanjani Amathuba Okukhulelwa?

Amathiphu alandelayo angasiza owesifazane andise amathuba akhe okukhulelwa:

1. Landelela Ukukhishwa Kwamaqanda Akho

Njengoba ukukhishwa kwamaqanda kuyisikhathi somjikelezo wokuzala lapho amathuba okukhulelwa ephakeme kakhulu, kubalulekile ukulandelela ukukhishwa kwamaqanda uma uzama ukukhulelwa. Ungakwazi ukulandelela ukukhishwa kwamaqanda noma ukunquma ukuthi ukhipha nini amaqanda ngosizo lwamakhithi okubikezela ukukhishwa kwamaqanda kanye nezibali eziku-inthanethi ezitholakalayo izibali zokukhishwa kwamaqanda.

Ezinye izimpawu, ezifana nezinguquko ku-cervical mucus nokwenyuka kwezinga lokushisa komzimba okuyisisekelo, nazo zikhombisa ukuthi ususezinsukwini zakho zokukhishwa kwamaqanda

2. Gcina Indlela Yokuphila Enempilo

Ukudla okunempilo, ukuzivocavoca njalo, kanye nesimo somzimba esinempilo kungathuthukisa impilo yokuzala kowesifazane namathuba akhe okukhulelwa [5]. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, gwema ukubhema, wehlise utshwala, futhi unciphise i-caffeine, ngoba le mikhuba emibi yokuphila ingathinta kabi ithuba lakho lokukhulelwa njalo ngenyanga.

3. Lawula Ukucindezeleka

Ukucindezeleka okuqhubekayo kungaphazamisa amazinga amahomoni, okungase kuthinte kabi ukukhishwa kwamaqanda kwabesifazane. Izifundo zikhombisa nokuthi ukucindezeleka kungenza kube khona ingozi enkulu yezinkinga ezihlobene nokukhulelwa [6]. Amathuba okuphumula njenge-yoga, ukuzindla, nokulala okwanele angasiza ukwehlisa amazinga okucindezeleka futhi athuthukise impilo yokuzala.

4. Cabanga Ngamazithasiselo Okukhulelwa (Prenatal)

Izithasiselo Zokukhulelwa (Prenatal) aklanywe ngokukhethekile ukusekela ukukhulelwa. Ziqukethe izithako ezifana ne-folic acid, i-zinc, insimbi, nama-omega-3 fatty acids, okusekela ukuzala futhi kulungiselele umzimba ukukhulelwa okunempilo. Sincoma ukuthi uxhumane nodokotela wakho ngaphambi kokuthatha amavithamini e-prenatal ngesikhathi ukhulelwe.

Iminyaka ingathinta ukuzala, kanti kwabesifazane abaneminyaka engaphezu kwengu-40, ukufuna amathiphu okukhulelwa ngemva kweminyaka engu-40 kungasiza ukwandisa amathuba abo okugcina bekhulelwe. 

Isiphetho

Umzimba wendoda ukhiqiza izigidi zesidoda nsuku zonke, futhi lokhu kwenza amadoda akwazi ukujwayela ukukhulelisa noma yinini enyangeni. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, amathuba okukhulelwa inyanga ngayinye alinganiselwe kwabesifazane ngoba bakhipha iqanda elilodwa ngomjikelezo ngamunye wokuya esikhathini.

Uma ungumfazi ofuna ukukhulelwa, kumelwe ulandelele ukukhishwa kwamaqanda (ovulation) futhi uhlele ukwenza ucansi ezinsukwini zokukhishwa kwamaqanda. Ezinye izincomo, njengokulungisa ukudla nendlela yokuphila enempilo, zingathuthukisa impilo yokuzala futhi zandise amathuba akho okukhulelwa.

Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa

1. Abesifazane bayeka nini ukuba nakho ukuzala?

Abesifazane bazalwa nenani elilinganiselwe lamaqanda; balahlekelwa amaqanda amaningi njalo ngomjikelezo wokuya esikhathini. Yingakho abesifazane bekhulelwa kalula eminyakeni yabo yama-20 kanye nawo-30 okuqala futhi beyeka ukuba nakho ukuzala ngemuva kweminyaka engu-45.

2. Amadoda ayeka nini ukuba nakho ukuzala?

Uhambo lokukwazi ukuzala lwamadoda luqala ngesikhathi sokuthomba futhi luqhubeke yonke impilo, ngokungafani nabesifazane. Umzimba wendoda ukhiqiza izigidi zesidoda nsuku zonke ngaphandle kokuthi babhekene nezinkinga zokuzala.

3. Indoda ikhiqiza kakhulu nini?

Yize amadoda ngokuvamile ehlala ekwazi ukuzala impilo yawo yonke ngemuva kokuthomba, afinyelela esikhathini sawo esiphezulu sokukhiqiza cishe eminyakeni engu-30, futhi ukukhona kwawo ukuzala kwehla ngemuva kweminyaka engu-35 njengoba iminyaka ithinta ukuzala.

Izinsiza Ezisetshenzisiwe

1. Thiyagarajan, D. K., Basit, H., & Jeanmonod, R. (2024d, Septhemba 27). I-Physiology, Umjikelezo Wokuya Esikhathini. StatPearls - NCBI Bookshelf. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK500020/ 
2. Professional, C. C. M. (2024k, Meyi 1). Ukukhishwa Kwamaqanda. Cleveland Clinic. https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/articles/23439-ovulation 
3. Holesh, J. E., Bass, A. N., & Lord, M. (2023d, Meyi 1). I-Physiology, Ukukhishwa Kwamaqanda. StatPearls - NCBI Bookshelf. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK441996/ 
4. editor. (2022a, Juni 9). Ngabe Ngingakhulelwa - Ucansi Ngesikhathi Sewindi Lokuzala? American Pregnancy Association. https://americanpregnancy.org/can-i-get-pregnant-if/ 
5. Skoracka, K., Ratajczak, A. E., Rychter, A. M., Dobrowolska, A., & Krela-Kaźmierczak, I. (2021c). Ukukhiqiza Kwabesifazane Nezindlela Zokudla: Izici Ezibaluleke Kakhulu. Ukuqhubekela Phambili Kwezokudla, 12(6), 2372–2386. https://doi.org/10.1093/advances/nmab068 
6. Ingabe ukucindezeleka ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa kuzomthelela enganeni yami? (2023, Mashi 3). https://www.nichd.nih.gov/. https://www.nichd.nih.gov/health/topics/preconceptioncare/conditioninfo/stress