Ingabe umphimbo obuhlungu bungaba uphawu lokukhulelwa? Ukuqonda izimpawu zokuqala zokukhulelwa

Uma kukhulunywa ngezimpawu zokuqala zokukhulelwa, izimpawu ezivamile ezifana nokukhathala, isicanucanu nokubuhlungu kwamabele zivame ukuvela engqondweni. Nokho, abanye abantu babika izimpawu ezingavamile, kuhlanganise nokuba nesithofo esibuhlungu. Lokhu kungaholela embuzweni othi: ingabe isithofo esibuhlungu singesinye isibonakaliso sokukhulelwa? Nakuba singakavunyelwana ngaso kabanzi njengophawu oluqondile, kunezici eziningana ezihlotshaniswa nokukhulelwa kokuqala ezingase zibe negalelo esithofweni esibuhlungu. Lapha, sihlola ukuxhumana phakathi kwesithofo esibuhlungu nokukhulelwa, sibheka ukuthi le nto ebangela ukungakhululeki ingaba ngempela uphawu lokuya esigabeni esisha.

Izinguquko Emahormonini Nokushintsha Kohlelo Lokuzivikela

Ukukhulelwa kuletha izinguquko ezishesha emahormonini, ikakhulukazi amahomoni i-progesterone ne-estrogen. Lawa mahomoni asiza ukulungiselela umzimba ukusekela umbungu okhula, kodwa futhi athinta nezinye izinhlelo, kuhlanganise nohlelo lokuzivikela emzimbeni. Ukukhulelwa kubhekwa njengombuso oyinkimbinkimbi mayelana nokuzivikela, ngoba umzimba kufanele ulawule izimpendulo zokuzivikela ukuze ungawulahli umbungu okhula. Lokhu kulinganisa kungesinye isikhathi kuholele ekwehleni okuncane emandleni okuzivikela, okushiya abakhulelwe bebhekelele kalula ukutheleleka, njengokuphazamiseka okuncane kohlelo lokuphefumula noma ukuvuvukala kwesithofo [1].

Ezigabeni zokuqala zokukhulelwa, kungenzeka ukuba nezimpawu ezifana namakhaza, njengokubuhlungu esithofweni, ngenxa yale ndlela umzimba ozivumelanisa ngayo nokuncipha kokuzivikela. Nakuba lokhu kungesona isibonakaliso esicacile, lokhu kwehla okwesikhashana kwamandla omzimba okuvikela kungenza umzimba ube buthaka ezimeni zokugula ezincane, okungenzeka kube impendulo embuzweni othi: Ingabe isithofo esibuhlungu singesinye isibonakaliso sokukhulelwa?

Ukugxila Kwamakhala Nokugeleza Kwamafinyila Emuva

Isimpawu sokukhulelwa esivame ukunganakwa ukugxila kwamakhala, esaziwa nangokuthi “pregnancy rhinitis.” Ngesikhathi sokuqala sokukhulelwa, ukugeleza kwegazi okwandayo emzimbeni wonke, kuhlanganise namakhala, kungadala ukuvuvukala nokugxila. Lokhu kugxila kwamakhala kungabangela ukugeleza kwamafinyila emuva (postnasal drip), lapho amafinyila avela emakhala ehlela emuva emqaleni, okungenzeka kubangele ukuvuvukala nesithofo esibuhlungu.

I-pregnancy rhinitis ivamise ukuvela ngesikhathi se-trimester yokuqala futhi ingaqhubeka kuze kube sekupheleni kokukhulelwa. Kwezinye izimo, lokhu kungadala isithofo esibuhlungu esingapheli esingahambisani namakhaza noma ukutheleleka okuvamile, okwenza kube uphawu olungaqondile lokukhulelwa. Nakuba kungavamile njengeminye imiqondo, lokhu kungakhululeki kwamakhala nesithofo kungaqinisekisa ukuthi esinye sezimpawu zokukhulelwa kwezinye izibalo [2].

I-Gastroesophageal Reflux (GERD) Ne-Heartburn

Izinguquko emahormonini ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa nazo zithambisa i-lower esophageal sphincter, umsipha ohlukanisa isisu ne-esophagus. Lokhu kuthamba, kuhlangene nengcindezi eyandayo esiswini njengoba isibeletho sikhula, kungadala ukuhlela kwe-asidi noma isifo se-gastroesophageal reflux (GERD). I-heartburn nokubuya kwe-asidi kuyizimpawu ezivamile ekukhulelweni futhi kungaba negalelo esithofweni esibuhlungu ngenxa ye-asidi esiswini evusa ulwelwesi lwe-esophagus nesithofo [3].

Uma izimpawu zesithofo esibuhlungu zihambisana ne-heartburn, ikakhulukazi ngemva kokudla, kungase kuhlobane ne-GERD kunokuba kube ukutheleleka. Nakuba i-GERD ingavela nganoma yisiphi isikhathi sokukhulelwa, ivame kakhulu ku-trimester yesibili neyesithathu njengoba isibeletho sandeka, kodwa ingaqala nase-trimester yokuqala, ikakhulukazi uma izinguquko zama-hormone zinamandla.

Ukuphelelwa Amanzi Nokoma Kwesithofo

Ukukhulelwa kokuqala kwesinye isikhathi kungaholela ekuphelelweni amanzi ngenxa yokwanda kokusebenza komzimba, isicanucanu, noma ukuhlanza (okuvamile ekuseni). Ukuphelelwa amanzi kungaholela ekomeni komlomo nesithofo, okungabangele umuzwa wesithofo esibuhlungu noma esiklinyayo. Ukuphuza amanzi anele, ikakhulukazi uma uhlangabezana nesicanucanu sasekuseni, kungasiza ukunciphisa lolo koma nokugcina amanzi emzimbeni. Kwezinye izimo, lo muzwa wesithofo esomile ungazwakala njengokubuhlungu okuncane kwesithofo futhi ungabhekwa njengophawu olungaqondile lokukhulelwa. Ukusekela umzimba wakho nge-vitamin ze-prenatal noma izithasiselo eziqukethe izinto eziqinisa amasosha omzimba ezifana ne-vitamin C, vitamin D, ne-zinc kungasiza ekugcineni impilo kahle ekuqaleni kokukhulelwa.

Uxinzelelo (Stress) Nezimpawu Zokuqala Zokukhulelwa

Ezigabeni zokuqala zokukhulelwa, kuvame ukuba nokujabula, ukukhathazeka, neminye imizwa eqinile. Uxinzelelo (stress) lwaziwa ngokwehlisa isikhathi esithile amandla omzimba okuvikela, okungenza umuntu abhekane kalula nezifo ezincane, kuhlanganise nalezo ezibangela isithofo esibuhlungu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, uxinzelelo lungadala ukuqina kwemisipha entanyeni nasendaweni yesithofo, okungadala noma kwandise umuzwa wesithofo esibuhlungu. Kwezinye izibalo, ukuba nesithofo esibuhlungu ngenxa yoxinzelelo kungahlangana nezimpawu zokuqala zokukhulelwa, nakuba kungesona isibonakaliso esicacile sokukhulelwa [4].

Ingabe Kufanele Ubheke Isithofo Esibuhlungu Njengesibonakaliso Sokukhulelwa?

Nakuba isithofo esibuhlungu singesona isibonakaliso esijwayelekile sokukhulelwa, izinguquko zomzimba ezenzeka ekuqaleni kokukhulelwa zingaholela ezimeni ezingabangele ngokungaqondile ukungakhululeki esithofweni. Kulabo abazibuza, “Ingabe isithofo esibuhlungu siyisibonakaliso sokukhulelwa?” impendulo ngokuvamile ithi cha uma sibhekwa sodwa. Kodwa uma isithofo esibuhlungu sivele sihambisana nezinye izimpawu zokuqala zokukhulelwa—ezifana nokukhathala, isicanucanu, ubuhlungu bamabele, nokungafiki kokuya esikhathini—kungakhuphula amathuba okuthi kukhona ukukhulelwa. Uma uhlangabezana nesithofo esibuhlungu sihambisana nalezi zimpawu ezijwayelekile, ukwenza ukuhlolwa kokukhulelwa ekhaya kungakunikeza impendulo ecacile.

Umehluko Phakathi Kwesithofo Esibuhlungu Esiwusuku Lokukhulelwa Nesesibangelwa Amakhaza Noma I-Allergy

Kubalulekile futhi ukwehlukanisa isithofo esibuhlungu esingase sihlobane nokukhulelwa naleso esibangelwa amakhaza, i-allergy, noma okunye ukutheleleka. Isithofo esibuhlungu esihlobene nokukhulelwa sivame ukuba buthaka futhi singahambisani nezimpawu ezifana nemfiva ephezulu, izinhlungu zomzimba, noma ukukhwehlela okukhulu, okuyizimpawu ezijwayelekile zokutheleleka ngegciwane noma amagciwane. Izithofo ezibangelwa i-allergy, ngakolunye uhlangothi, zivame ukuhambisana nokuthimula, amehlo aluma, nomakhala agobhozayo—izimpawu ezingavame ukuhlotshaniswa nokukhulelwa.

Uma ungeqiniseki, ukunaka isikhathi nobunzima bezimpawu kungasiza. Ukungakhululeki okuncane kwesithofo okudlula sodwa kungase kuhlobane nezinguquko zokuqala zokukhulelwa, kuyilapho isithofo esibuhlungu esingapheli esihambisana nezinye izimpawu zokuphefumula singase sikhombise amakhaza noma i-allergy.

Izinyathelo Ezisebenzayo Zokuthola Ukudambisa

Uma usola ukuthi isithofo sakho esibuhlungu singase sihlobene nokukhulelwa, kukhona izindlela eziphephile zokwehlisa lokhu kungakhululeki. Ukugcinwa unothe ngamanzi kubalulekile, ngoba kungavimbela ukoma futhi kusekele impilo yonke. Ukuphuza iziphuzo ezifudumele, ezithokozisayo njengamathayi e-herbal (ugweme lawo angaphephile ekukhulelweni) noma amanzi afudumele anobusi kunganikela ngokudambisa. Uma usola ukuhlela kwe-asidi, ukudla ukudla okuncane, okuvamile nokugwema ukudla okunamafutha noma okunamafutha e-asidi kungasiza ukuvimbela ukuvuvukala kwesithofo. Ngokugxila kwamakhala, ukusebenzisa i-humidifier noma i-saline nasal spray kungasiza ukunciphisa ukoma nokwehlisa ukugeleza kwamafinyila emuva.

Isiphetho: Ingabe Isithofo Esibuhlungu Siyisibonakaliso Esithembekile Sokukhulelwa?

Nakuba kungaqondakala ukuzibuza, “Ingabe isithofo esibuhlungu singesinye isibonakaliso sokukhulelwa?” lesi simo sodwa ngokuvamile asiyona inkomba ecacile yokukhulelwa. Kodwa-ke, izinguquko ezihlobene nokukhulelwa ohlelweni lokuzivikela emzimbeni, emakaleni, ezingeni lamanzi emzimbeni, nasekuhlelweni kwe-asidi zingaholela esithofweni esibuhlungu noma ukungakhululeki esithofweni kwabanye abantu.

Ekugcineni, isithofo esibuhlungu singaba umphumela oseqondweni wesigaba sokuqala sezinguquko zokukhulelwa kodwa akufanele sithembele kuso njengesibonakaliso esiyinhloko sokukhulelwa. Ngokuqaphela izimpawu zokukhulelwa ezifihlekile, ungabona izinguquko ezincane ezingase zikhombise ukukhulelwa kokuqala. Ukulandelela izimpawu ezithembeke kakhulu zokuqala, ezifana nokungafiki kokuya esikhathini, isicanucanu nokukhathala, kungakunikeza ukuqonda okucacile ukuthi ingabe isithofo esibuhlungu ingxenye yohlu olubanzi lwezimpawu ezikhombisa ukukhulelwa.

Izinsiza

1. WILDER, R.L. (1998), Hormones, Pregnancy, and Autoimmune Diseases. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 840: 45-50. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-6632.1998.tb09547.x 
2. Tarmizi NE, Hamizan AW, Ng CS, Gendeh HS, Guan LS, Zahedi FD, Baki MM, Husain S. The Nasal Endoscopic Features of Postnasal Drip: A Cross Sectional Study. Int Arch Otorhinolaryngol. 2023 May 29;28(1):e95-e100. doi: 10.1055/s-0043-1767799. PMID: 38322444; PMCID: PMC10843929.
3. Y-L.T. Le, M.N. Luu, L.H. Mai, A.T. Hoang, T.T. Nguyen, D.T. Quach. Prevalence and characteristics of gastroesophageal reflux disease in pregnant women. Revista de Gastroenterología de México (English Edition). Volume 88, Issue 4. 2023. Pages 341-346. ISSN 2255-534X. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rgmxen.2022.06.012
4. Coussons-Read ME. Effects of prenatal stress on pregnancy and human development: mechanisms and pathways. Obstet Med. 2013 Jun;6(2):52-57. doi:10.1177/1753495X12473751. Epub 2013 May 3. PMID: 27757157; PMCID: PMC5052760.