Ingane izelwe ngemuva kokufakelwa isibeletho
NgoSepthemba, owesifazane waseSweden oneminyaka engu‑36 uba owokuqala emlandweni ukuzala ingane esebenzisa isibeletho esifakelwe ngomsebenzi wokuhlinzwa. Iphepha elisha elishicilelwe ku-The Lancet linikeza umbiko “wobufakazi bomqondo” ngalolu daba.
"Absolute uterine factor ukungabi nenzalo" yigatsha lodwa lokungabi nenzalo kwabesifazane elisabhekwa njengelingelapheki. Lesi simo sivamise ukuba umphumela wesifo esibizwa nge-Rokitansky syndrome, okungesikhathi owesifazane ezalwa engenaso isibeletho. Ukuthatha izingane (adoption) nokusebenzisa omama abambelelayo (surrogacy) kube ukuphela kwendlela kubesifazane abanalesi simo sokungabi nenzalo ngenxa yokushoda kwesibeletho ukuze babe omama.
Nokho, izindaba zokuzalwa komntwana wokuqala baby evela kowesifazane one-Rokitansky syndrome owafakelwa isibeletho ziletha ithemba kwabesifazane abanazo izinhlobo ezahlukene zokungabi nenzalo ngenxa yokushoda kwesibeletho.
Ososayensi abenze lo msebenzi wokufakelwa kwesibeletho - baseNyuvesi yaseGothenburg, eSweden - bebelokhu bahlola amathuba okusebenza kwalolu hlobo lokuhlinzwa iminyaka engaphezu kweyi-10. Ngaphambi kokuzama le nqubo ebantwini, abacwaningi benza izivivinyo kumagundane nasezilwaneni ezinkulu ezingezona ezabantu.
Ngo-2013, abacwaningi baqala ukufaka izibeletho kwabesifazane abayisishiyagalolunye ababenokungabi nenzalo ngenxa yokushoda kwesibeletho, befakelwa izibeletho ezivela kubanikeli abaphilayo. Owesifazane waseSweden osanda kuzala wayengomunye walaba besifazane.
Yize abesifazane ababili kuleli cwaningo kwadingeka benziwele izibeletho (hysterectomy) ezinyangeni zokuqala – ngenxa yokutheleleka okunzima kanye ne-thrombosis – ithimba labika impumelelo kwabanye abesifazane abayisikhombisa.
Laba besifazane baqala ukuya esikhathini ezinyangeni zokuqala ezingu‑2-3 ngemuva kokufakelwa isibeletho. Yize kwesinye isikhathi kutholakale “ukwenqatshwa okuncane” kwesibeletho kwabanye babo, abacwaningi bakwazile ukubhekana nalokhu ngokubanika isikhathi esifushane sokwelashwa ngemithi yokucindezela amasosha omzimba (immunosuppression therapy).
Ngaphandle kwalesi sivivinyo, bekuzamile ukwenziwa ukufakelwa kwezibeletho ezimbili kuphela. Esokuqala kwadingeka ukuthi isibeletho sisuswe ngemuva kwezinyanga ezintathu, ngenxa yokubola okuqhubekayo kwesibeletho (progressive uterine necrosis).
Umzamo wesibili wawuhilela isibeletho esivela kumufi esafakelwa kowesifazane one-Rokitansky syndrome. Yize lo wesifazane ekhulelwa kabili ngokufakelwa ama-embryo, kokubili ukukhulelwa kwaphela ngokuphuma kokukhulelwa ngaphambi kwesonto lesi-6.
Amaqanda akhuliswe isidoda kusetshenziswa IVF ngaphambi kokuba umama afakelwe isibeletho
Owesifazane waseSweden ozalayo wathola isibeletho sakhe kumngane womndeni oneminyaka engu-61. Njengoba umamukeli ayenama-ovary asebenzayo, wakwazi ukukhiqiza amaqanda, bese la maqanda ekhuliswa isidoda kusetshenziswa i-IVF ngaphambi kokufakelwa isibeletho.
Sekukonke kwakhiwa futhi kwabandiselwa (kwabanda) ama-embryo ayi-11 ngalendlela. Unyaka owodwa ngemuva kokufakelwa isibeletho, elilodwa lala ma-embryo lafakelwa esibelethweni esisha.
UProf. Mats Brännström, ohole ithimba labacwaningi, uthi ukukhula komntwana esesiswini bekumile kahle emasontweni okuqala angu‑31 okukhulelwa. “Sithole isenzakalo esisodwa kuphela sokwenqatshwa okuncane ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa esaselashwa ngempumelelo nge-corticosteroids,” kusho yena, “kanti lo wesifazane ubesebenza isikhathi esigcwele kwaze kwaba usuku olwandulela usuku lokubeletha.”
Ngenxa yesimo se-preeclampsia, lo wesifazane wangena esibhedlela emasontweni angu‑31 okukhulelwa futhi ingane yakhe yazalwa ngokuhlinzwa kwesisu (cesarean section) amahora angu‑16 kamuva.
Yize kwatholakala ukuthi inhliziyo yengane ishaya ngendlela engaqondakali ngesikhathi umama engeniswa esibhedlela, emavikini ambalwa ngemuva kokuzalwa ingane yahlolwa yatholakala isempilweni ephelele ngokuya ngesikali se-Apgar sokuhlola impilo yezinsana ezisanda kuzalwa.
Usana lwakhululwa esigabeni sabantwana abasanda kuzalwa (neonatal unit) ngemuva kwezinsuku eziyi-10, futhi abacwaningi bathi bobabili umama nengane bayaqhubeka nokuba sesimweni esihle.
Ngokusho kukaProf. Brännström:
"Impumelelo yethu isekelwe eminyakeni engaphezu kweyi-10 yocwaningo olunzulu lwezilwane nokuqeqeshwa nokuzilolonga kwezokuhlinza kwethimba lethu futhi ivula ithuba lokwelapha amantombazane nabesifazane abaningi abasemncane emhlabeni jikelele abahlushwa ukungabi nenzalo ngenxa yesibeletho. Okunye futhi, sesibonise ukuthi kungenzeka ukufakelwa isibeletho somnikeli ophilayo, ngisho nalowo oseneminyaka yokungaphindi abe nesikhathi sokuya esikhathini (postmenopausal donor)."
