Abesifazane Bakhulelwa Kakhulu Baneminyaka Emingaki, Futhi Ukuzala Kwaqala Ukwehla Nini?

Lapho kuhlelwa umndeni, imibhangqwana eminingi iyabuza, yiluphi ubudala lapho abesifazane bekhiqiza kakhulu ukuze bakhulelwe?kakhulu na? Ukuzala akuhlali kumile; kushintsha njengoba abesifazane bekhula, kanti ukuqonda lezi zinguquko kungasiza ukwenza izinqumo ezinolwazi mayelana nokuthi nini ukuqala ukuzama ukuthola ingane. Kulesi sihloko, sizohlola ukuthi abesifazane bakhiqiza kakhulu nini noma iminyaka yokuzala kwabesifazane, ukuthi iminyaka ithinta kanjani amathuba okukhulelwa ngokuya ngeminyaka, nokuthi ukufaka izakhi-mzimba ezibalulekile ekudleni kwakho kungaweseka kanjani umzamo wokuzala ezigabeni ezahlukene zempilo.

Ukuhlola Ukuzala: Yimuphi Ubudala Abesifazane Abakhiqiza Kakhulu Ngabo?

Abesifazane bavame ukuba namandla amakhulu okuzala kusukela ekupheleni kwabo ebusheni kuya ekupheleni kweminyaka yama-20. Lesi sikhathi sibhekwa njengesona sikhathi sokuzala esiphezulu kwabesifazane ngoba inani nekhwalithi yamaqanda kuphezulu kakhulu [1]. Amathuba okukhulelwa ngokuya ngeminyaka aphezulu kakhulu kulesi sikhathi, ngokuba nethuba lokukhulelwa elingaba ngu-25-30% ngomjikelezo ngamunye wokuya esikhathini.

• Eminyakeni yama-20, amathuba okukhulelwa ngokuya ngeminyaka aphezulu kakhulu, okwenza lesi sikhathi sibe sifanele abaningi ukuthi bakhulelwe ngokwemvelo.
• Njengoba abesifazane bengena eminyakeni yabo yama-30, amandla okuzala aqala ukwehla, kodwa kuseneminyaka yama-30 yokuqala lapho kusenzeka ukukhulelwa kalula.

Ithiphu Ebalulekile: Ukwazi ukuthi yimuphi umnyaka abesifazane ukhiqiza kakhulu kungasiza ekuhleleni isikhathi sokuqala ukuzama ukukhulelwa. Ukuze kwandiswe amathuba okukhulelwa, landela ngokucophelela i-ovulation ukuze uthole izinsuku ezinhle kakhulu zokuzama ukuthola ingane.

Ukuzala Kuqala Nini Ukwehla?

Kuvamile ukuzibuza ukuzala kuqala nini ukwehla kuye kwehle njengoba abesifazane bekhula. Amandla okubamba iqanda (i-fertility) ngokuvamile aqala ukwehla kancane eminyakeni yokuqala yama-30 bese kuba sobala kakhulu ngemuva kweminyaka engu-35 [2]. Lokhu kwehla kuthinta iminyaka yokuzala kowesifazane futhi kube nomthelela emathubeni okukhulelwa ngokuya ngeminyaka.

• Lapho uneminyaka engu-35, amathuba okukhulelwa ngokuya ngeminyaka aqala ukwehla kakhulu. Lapho usufinyelela eminyakeni engu-40, ithuba lokukhulelwa ngokweminyaka lehla libe cishe u-5-10% ngomjikelezo ngamunye wokuya esikhathini.
• Umngcele wemvelo weminyaka yokukhulelwa ngaphandle kosizo lwezokwelashwa uvamise ukuba cishe eminyakeni engu-45.

Ukuqonda umugqa wesikhathi wokukwazi kwakabesifazane ukuzala ngokuya ngeminyaka kungasiza ekuhleleni kahle. Nakuba ukuhla kwamandla okuzala kuyinto ejwayelekile, kuyashesha kakhulu njengoba abesifazane bekhula ngeminyaka [3].

Ithiphu ebaluleke kakhulu: Ukuqonda ukuthi yimuphi umnyaka owesifazane anomkhiqizo omkhulu kakhulu wokuzala kungasiza ekuhlelweni. Ukusebenzisa ama-lubricant ahambisana nokuzala kwakha indawo esekela isidoda, okungakhulisa amathuba okukhulelwa.

Indlela Iminyaka Ethinta Ngayo Amathuba Okukhulelwa Nezinkinga Ezingase Zivele

Ithuba lokukhulelwa ngokuya ngeminyaka liyahluka kakhulu kuye ngeminyaka yowesifazane. Abesifazane abancane ngokuvamile banamathuba aphezulu okukhulelwa, kanti abesifazane abadala babhekana nezinselelo ezinkulu.

• Amathuba okukhulelwa ngokuya ngeminyaka aphezulu kakhulu eminyakeni yama-20 nasekuqaleni kwama-30.
• Ngemva kweminyaka engama-35, amathuba okukhulelwa ngokuya ngeminyaka ayehla, futhi ubungozi bezinkinga, njengokuphuma kokukhulelwa (miscarriage) nokungajwayelekile kwe-chromosome, buyanda.

Iminyaka yobudala ephakeme iphinde ilethe ubungozi obukhulu bezinkinga ezifana nesifo sikashukela sokukhulelwa (gestational diabetes) ne-placenta previa, okwenza abaningi bacabange ngomkhawulo weminyaka yokukhulelwa lapho benquma ukuthi bazoba nini nezingane [4].

Ithiphu ebaluleke kakhulu: Ukwazi ukuthi yimuphi umnyaka abesifazane abakhulelwa kalula kakhulu nokuhlela ngokwalokho kunganciphisa ubungozi. Ukuhlolwa njalo nokwengeza ukudla okucebile ngezivithamini kusiza ekukhulelweni okunempilo.

Indima Yeminyaka Yamadoda Ekuzaleni

Iminyaka yamadoda nayo idlala indima ebalulekile ekuzaleni. Ngemva kweminyaka engama-40, izinga lesidoda livame ukwehla, okuthinta amathuba aphelele okukhulelwa ngokuya ngeminyaka embhangqwaneni.

• Amadoda aneminyaka engaphezu kwengu-40 angase abe nokwehla ekunyakazeni kwesidoda kanye nokwanda kokuqhekezwa kwe-DNA, okuthinta amathuba okukhulelwa ngokuya ngeminyaka [5].

Emadodeni afuna ukwandisa amandla okuzala, ama-supplement anokudla-mzimba okubalulekile njengezivithamini, i-zinc, i-selenium, njll. angathuthukisa impilo yesidoda futhi andise amathuba okukhulelwa.

Ithiphu ebaluleke kakhulu: Ukuqonda ukuthi yimuphi umnyaka owesifazane onomkhiqizo omkhulu kakhulu wokuzala kusiza, kodwa amadoda nawo kufanele acabange ngeminyaka yawo. Ukugcina indlela yokuphila enempilo—ukudla ukudla okunempilo nokulinganiselayo, ukuzivocavoca njalo, nokugwema ukubhema—kungase kusekele ukuzala.

Ufanele Ukucabangela Nini Ukuhlolwa Kokuzala?

Uma uzibuza ukuthi yimuphi umnyaka ongakhulelwa ngawo futhi usuzame ukukhulelwa kodwa kwahluleka, ukuhlolwa kokuzala kungakusiza.

• Abesifazane abaneminyaka engaphezu kuka-35 kufanele bacabange ukwenza ukuhlolwa kokuzala uma bengenakho ukukhulelwa ngemuva kwezinyanga eziyisithupha bezama.
• Kwabesifazane abangaphansi kweminyaka engu-35, ukuzama ukukhulelwa unyaka wonke ngaphandle kwempumelelo kuvamise ukusho ukuthi sekuyisikhathi sokuvakashela uchwepheshe.

Ukwazi ukuthi nini okufanele ucabange ukuhlolwa kwe-fertility kungakusindisa isikhathi esibalulekile futhi kunikeze izinketho ezicace kakhudlwana zendlela ongahamba ngayo. Ukuqaphela ukuthi yimuphi ubudala ikhono lokukhulelwa eliyehla ngalo nakho kubalulekile ekukuqondiseni lezi zinqumo [6].

Ithiphu ebalulekile: Uma ungakaqiniseki ngokuthi yimuphi umkhawuḷo weminyaka owesifazane anethuba elikhulu lokukhulelwa ngawo noma usuvele uzame ukukhulelwa ngaphandle kwempumelelo, ukuhlolwa kwe-fertility kungasiza ukukhomba izinkinga ezingase zibe khona kusenesikhathi.

Ikhono Lokukhulelwa Ngemva Kwama-30: Amaphuzu Abalulekile Ongazi

Ikhono lokukhulelwa ngemva kwama-30 liyehla kancane kancane, kodwa ukukhulelwa ngokwemvelo kusenokwenzeka kubo abesifazane abaningi. Ishadi lokuzala ngokuya ngeminyaka libonisa ukuhla kancane ngemva kweminyaka engu-30, bese kuba nokwehla okukhulu ngemva kweminyaka engu-35.

• Eminyakeni engu-40, ithuba lokukhulelwa ngokuya ngeminyaka lehla kakhulu, okwenza kube nzima kakhulu ukukhulelwa.
• Ngemva kweminyaka engu-45, amathuba okukhulelwa ngokuya ngeminyaka aphansi kakhulu ngaphandle kobuchwepheshe bokusiza ukuzala (ART).

Abesifazane abasebangeni lama-30 kufanele bacabange ngezinhloso zabo zokuzala futhi baxoxe nodokotela ngezinketho ezifana nokubanda amaqanda noma i-IVF ukuze bahlale behlela kahle.

Ithiphu ebalulekile: Ukwazi ukuthi yimuphi ubudala owesifazane ayeka ngalo ukuba nethuba lokukhulelwa kungaqondisa izinqumo mayelana nokwelashwa kwe-fertility.

Ukuqonda Umkhawulo Weminyaka Yokukhulelwa Ngokwemvelo

Umqondo womkhawulo weminyaka yokukhulelwa usiza ukumisa okulindelwe ekulungiseleleni umndeni. Nakuba owesifazane engakhulelwa inqobo nje uma esaqhamuka iqanda (ovulate), umkhawulo weminyaka wokukhulelwa ngokwemvelo ngaphandle kwe-ART uvamise ukuba cishe ngu-45.

• Ngemva kwalobu budala, ukukhulelwa ngokwemvelo kuba yinto engajwayelekile kakhulu, kanti nezingozi ezihambisana nokukhulelwa zanda.
• Ukwazi ukuthi abesifazane bayeka eminyakeni emingaki ukukhulelwa kungasiza ukuphatha okulindelwe nokuhlela ngendlela efanele.

Ithiphu ebalulekile: Uma ususondela emkhawulweni weminyaka yokukhulelwa futhi ucabangisisa ngokuba nengane, ukukhuluma nochwepheshe we-fertility kungakunikeza ukuqondiswa okubalulekile.

Abesifazane Bayeka Nini Ukuba Nethuba Lokukhulelwa?

Umbuzo ovamile uthi, abafazi bayeka nini ukuba nethuba lokukhulelwa? Ikhono lokukhulelwa livame ukuphela eminyakeni embalwa ngaphambi kwe-menopause, evame ukwenzeka eminyakeni ephakathi kwama-40 nasekuqaleni kwama-50.

• Ukuqonda ukuthi yimuphi ubudala owesifazane ayeka ngalo ukuba nethuba eliphezulu lokukhulelwa kungasiza ukuhlela ukuba nezingane nokufuna usizo lwezokwelashwa lapho kudingeka.

Ithiphu ebalulekile: Uma ususondela ekugcineni kweminyaka yakho yokuzala kodwa usafuna ukuba nezingane, ukuxoxa nodokotela wakho ngezinketho zokulondoloza ikhono lokuzala (fertility preservation) ezifana nokubanda amaqanda (egg freezing) kuwukuhlakanipha.

Ungayithuthukisa Kanjani Ikhono Lokukhulelwa Noma Ngabe Uneminyaka Emingaki?

Noma ngabe uneminyaka emingaki, zikhona izinyathelo eziningana zokuthuthukisa ukuzala:

• Gcina isisindo esinempilo nokudla okulinganiselayo.
• Gwema ukubhema, utshwala obuningi, ne-caffeine.
• Lawula ingcindezi usebenzisa izindlela zokuphumula.
• Landelela isikhathi sokuvuthwa kweqanda ukuze ulungise isikhathi esihle sokukhulelwa.
• Imikhiqizo esekela ukuzala ingasiza futhi ukudala indawo enobungane kumdlandla wesidoda, okwandisa amathuba okukhulelwa.

Izeluleko Ezisemqoka: Uma ungaqiniseki ukuthi abesifazane bayeka nini ukukhulelwa, ukuzivocavoca njalo nokudla okulinganiselayo kungasiza ukugcina impilo enhle yomzimba wokuzala.

Isiphetho: Ukuhlela Uhambo Lwakho Lokuzala

Ukwazi ukuthi abesifazane bezala kakhulu ngeminyaka emingaki nokukuqonda ukuthi ukuzala kwehla kanjani ngokuhamba kweminyaka kubalulekile ekwenzeni izinqumo ezinolwazi mayelana nokuhlela umndeni. Ngokuhlala benolwazi, begcina indlela yokuphila enempilo futhi belandela ukudla okucebile ngamavithamini nezakhamzimba ezibalulekile, abashadile bangakhulisa amathuba abo okukhulelwa ngempumelelo futhi bazizwe belawula kangcono uhambo lwabo lokuzala.

Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa

Ngeminyaka emingaki abesifazane bezala kakhulu?

Abesifazane banamandla amakhulu kakhulu okukwazi ukukhulelwa ekupheleni kweminyaka yobusha yabo kuya ekupheleni kwama-20, bese kuqala ukwehla kancane kancane eminyakeni yokuqala yama-30.

Ukuzala kuqala nini ukwehla?

Imisebenzi yokuzala ivame ukuqala ukwehla eminyakeni yokuqala yama-30 bese yehla kakhulu ngemuva kweminyaka engama-35.

Ingabe i-IVF ingasiza ekwehleni kokuzala okuhambisana neminyaka?

I-IVF ingasiza ekukhulelweni, kodwa amazinga ayo okuphumelela ayehla kakhulu ngemuva kweminyaka engama-35.

Yiziphi izingozI zokukhulelwa ngemva kweminyaka engama-40?

Ingozi iyakhula yokulahleka kokukhulelwa, ukungajwayelekile kwama-chromosome, nezinkinga ezifana nesifo sikashukela sokukhulelwa ne-placenta previa ngemuva kweminyaka engama-40.

Amadoda angayisekela kanjani inzalo?

Amadoda angathuthukisa ukuzala ngokugcina indlela yokuphila enempilo nokusebenzisa izithasiselo ezikhuthaza ukuzala.

Izinkomba

1. American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (ACOG). "Iminyaka Nezinga Lokuzala: Umhlahlandlela Wabesifazane." ACOG. Kuthathwe ku: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5264372/
2. American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (ACOG). "Ukwehla Kokuzala Okuxhumene Neminyaka Kwabesifazane." ACOG. Kuthathwe ku: https://www.acog.org/clinical/clinical-guidance/committee-opinion/articles/2014/03/female-age-related-fertility-decline#:~:text=1%202%203.-,The%20fecundity%20of%20women%20decreases%20gradually%20but%20significantly%20beginning%20approximately,hormone%20and%20decreases%20in%20circulating
3. National Institutes of Health (NIH). "Ukuzala Nokuguga." NIH. Kuthathwe ku: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3017326/
4. Mayo Clinic. "Ukukhulelwa Ngemva Kweminyaka Engu-35: Izikhuleko Ezinempilo, Izingane Ezinempilo." Mayo Clinic. Kuthathwe ku: https://www.mayoclinic.org/healthy-lifestyle/getting-pregnant/in-depth/pregnancy/art-20045756#:~:text=Eat%20a%20healthy%20diet.,few%20months%20before%20getting%20pregnant.
5. Harvard Health Publishing. "Ukungabi Nenzalo Kwabesilisa." Harvard Health. Kuthathwe ku: https://www.health.harvard.edu/a_to_z/male-infertility-a-to-z
6. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). "Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa Ngokungabi Nenzalo." CDC. Kuthathwe ku: https://www.cdc.gov/art/reports/2020/questions.html

Thenga imikhiqizo yokukhulelwa ku-inthanethi kwa-Conceive Plus, uphawu lokuzala oluthembelwe yimibhangqwana nochwepheshe bezempilo emazweni angaphezu kuka-70! Oda izithasiselo ezisezingeni eliphezulu zokukhulelwa kuwebhusayithi yethu namuhla, amakhithi okukhulelwa angcono kakhulu athengiswayo emibhangqwaneni ezama ukukhulelwa (TTC).