Yiziphi izinkinga zokuzala kwabesifazane?

Izinkinga zokuzala kwabesifazane zibhekisela ekuhambeni kokuya esikhathini okungajwayelekile, ubunzima bokukhulelwa, noma ukungalingani kwamahomoni. Lezi zinkinga zivamile kakhulu phakathi kwabesifazane emhlabeni wonke.

Izinkinga zokuzala kwabesifazane zingavela kunoma iyiphi iminyaka futhi zingathinta kakhulu impilo yabo iyonke. Impilo embi yokuzala ingadala ubuhlungu bomzimba, ingcindezi yemizwa, futhi ithinte ngisho nempilo yengqondo.

Nokho, izinkinga zokuzala kwabesifazane zivame ukunganakwa noma zingaqondakali kahle.

Kulesi sihloko, sizoxoxa ngezinkinga ezivamile zokuzala kwabesifazane. Lesi sihloko siphinde sihlinzeke ngamathiphu okuthuthukisa impilo yokuzala yabesifazane.

Impilo Yokuzala Kwabesifazane

Impilo yokuzala kwabesifazane ayigcini nje ngokukwazi ukuzala. Ihlanganisa futhi impilo yezocansi, ukulingana kwamahomoni, nempilo yokuya esikhathini. Zonke lezi zinto zibalulekile ekuphileleni kahle kowesifazane.

Impilo yokuzala kowesifazane ithinta impilo yakhe yomzimba, ingqondo, neyomphakathi. Izinkinga zempilo yokuzala zingaholela ezinkingeni ezinzima ezifana nokungalingani kwamahomoni, ukungazali, nezifo ezifana ne-PCOS.

Uhlaka Lwezitho Zokuzala Kowesifazane

Uhlelo lokuzala lowesifazane luqukethe izingxenye ezahlukene ezisebenzisana ukuze kwenzeke ukuzala. Ngaphezu kokuzala, lezi zitho zidlala indima ebalulekile ekugcineni impilo iyonke yabesifazane.

Nazi izitho ezise ohlelweni lokuzala lowesifazane:

Ama-Ovary

Ama-ovary akhiqiza amaqanda okulotsholwana. Atholakala ohlangothini ngalunye lwesibeletho. Ngaphezu kwamaqanda, ama-ovary anesibopho sokukhiqiza ukukhiqizwa kwamahomoni ezinjenge-estrogen ne-progesterone [1]. Le mihomoni inesibopho somjikelezo wokuya esikhathini futhi isekela nokukhulelwa.

Amapayipi e-Fallopian

Amapayipi e-Fallopian yizindawo lapho isidoda sicwenga khona iqanda. Atholakala ohlangothini ngalunye lwesibeletho futhi anwebe eqhamuka kuma-ovary.

Ama-ovary adlulisa amaqanda kumapayipi e-fallopian ukuze akhuleliswe. Uma ukucwenga kwenzeka, amapayipi e-fallopian adlulisa umbungu esibelethweni ukuze uzimbele.

Isibeletho

Isibeletho sitholakala esiswini esingezansi, phakathi kwesinye nerectum. Isibeletho samukela iqanda elikhuleliswe kumapayipi e-fallopian futhi silondoloze ingane kuze kube sekuzalweni. I-fetus ihlala esibelethweni cishe izinyanga eziyisishiyagalolunye.

I-Vagina

I-vagina, ebizwa nangokuthi umsele wokubeletha, itholakala phakathi kwesibeletho nengxenye yangaphandle yomzimba. Isebenza njengendlela yokuphuma kokuya esikhathini, ukuhlangana ngokocansi, nokubeletha. I-vagina iphinde ivikele izitho zangaphakathi zokuzala.

Ukuqonda imodeli yohlelo lokuzala lwesilisa kubalulekile futhi ngoba kusiza ekuqondeni ukuthi ukuzala kowesilisa kunikela kanjani ekukhulelweni okuphumelelayo nasekuphileni kahle kohlelo lokuzala.

Izinkinga Ezivamile Zokuzala Kwabesifazane

Izinkinga zokuzala kwabesifazane zivamile kakhulu kunokuthi bacabange. Izinkinga zokuzala kwabesifazane zingavela kunoma iyiphi iminyaka, kusukela ebuntwaneni bokuthomba kuze kufike esikhathini sokuyeka ukuya esikhathini — ukuphela kwemijikelezo yokuya esikhathini.

Ezinye izinkinga zokuzala kwabesifazane zithambile futhi ziyalulama zodwa. Ngokuphambene nalokho, ezinye izinkinga zabesifazane zinzima futhi zingathinta izinga lempilo yabesifazane kanye nekhono labo lokukhulelwa.

Ezinye izinkinga ezivamile zokuzala kwabesifazane zifaka phakathi:

1. Ukungalingani Kwamahomoni

Ukungalingani kwamahomoni kubhekisela ekuguquguqukeni okungajwayelekile kwamazinga e-estrogen ne-progesterone. Kuyinkinga evamile kakhulu yokuzala kubesifazane abaningi.

Ukungalingani kwamahomoni kungabangela izinkinga eziningi ezifana nokuhamba kokuya esikhathini okungajwayelekile, ukopha okuningi, nokuguquka kwemizwa. Kungaholela ezinkingeni ezinzima kakhulu uma owesifazane ekhulelwe. Ukungalingani kwamahomoni ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa kukhuphula ubungozi bokulahlekelwa yisisu [2].

Ngezinye izikhathi ukubambezeleka kokuya esikhathini kungaba into ejwayelekile. Nokho, ukuphindaphinda kokungajwayeleki kokuhamba kokuya esikhathini kukhombisa izinkinga zamasosha amahomoni futhi kufanele uxhumane nodokotela wakho ngakho.

2. Isifo Sama-ovari Anama-cyst Amaningi (PCOS)

I-Polycystic ovary syndrome noma i-PCOS iyimbangela evamile kakhulu yokungabi nenzalo kwabesifazane. Yisimo esidalwa ukuguquguquka kwamahomoni emzimbeni wesifazane futhi sithinta ama-ovari.

Izimpawu ze-PCOS zifaka phakathi ukuya esikhathini okungajwayelekile, ukukhula kwezinwele, nokwakheka kwama-cyst amancane ema-ovari. Lesi simo siphinde senze kube nzima ukuthi abesifazane bakhulelwe.

World Health Organization kubika ukuthi phakathi kuka-8 kuya ku-13% wabesifazane bathuthukisa i-PCOS empilweni yabo yokuzala [3]. Izifundo kuphinde kubonise ukuthi u-70 kuya ku-80% wabesifazane abane-PCOS abanakho ukukhulelwa [4].

3. I-Endometriosis

I-Endometriosis yisimo lapho izicubu ezifana nalezo zesibeletho zikhula kwezinye izingxenye zohlelo lokuzala. Lezi zicubu ezingajwayelekile zivame ukukhula emithanjeni ye-fallopian nas ema-ovari.

Ukukhula okungajwayelekile kwezicubu zesibeletho kungabangela ubuhlungu obukhulu nemijikelezo yokuya esikhathini engajwayelekile. Kuphinde kube yingozi ezinkingeni zokungabi nenzalo futhi kungaholela kwezinye izifo. Ngokwe-WHO, lesi simo sithinta u-10% wabesifazane abadala empilweni yabo yokuzala [5].

4. Ama-fibroid

Ama-fibroid angukukhula kwenqwaba yamangqamuzana angajwayelekile esibelethweni. Imvamisa awanayo umdlavuza kodwa abangele ubuhlungu nokopha esithweni sangasese sowesifazane. Abanye abesifazane abanama-fibroid bangase bangazizwa nanoma yiziphi izimpawu.

Izifundo zibonisa ukuthi cishe u-70% wabesifazane bathuthukisa ama-fibroid esibelethweni ngesikhathi esithile empilweni yabo [6]. Ama-fibroid angabuye abangele ukungabi nenzalo ngokuvimba umsele we-fallopian noma ngokumisa ukunamathela kwe-embryo esibelethweni.

5. Ukungabi nenzalo

Ukungabi nenzalo kwabesifazane kuchazwa njengokungakwazi ukukhulelwa ngemuva konyaka uzama ngaphandle kwanoma yiluphi uhlobo lokuvikela ukukhulelwa. Ukungabi nenzalo kubangelwa izinkinga ezahlukene ezihlobene nohlelo lokuzala lwesifazane. Izifo zabesifazane ezishiwo ngenhla ezifana ne-PCOS ne-endometriosis zikhona kwezinye zezimbangela zokungabi nenzalo kwabesifazane.

Owesifazane angaba nokungazali ngenxa yokungalingani kwama-hormone, ukuvinjwa kwama-fallopian tube, noma izinkinga ngokukhishwa kweqanda. Ukwelashwa kokungazali kwabesifazane kuncike embangweni oyinhloko.

Amathiphu Okuthuthukisa Impilo Yokuzala Yabesifazane

Uma unayo inkinga yokuzala, kumele ubone uchwepheshe ukuze ahlole ngokuningiliziwe futhi akunikeze iseluleko sobungcweti mayelana nesimo sakho. Ngaphezu kokwelashwa kwezokwelapha, ungakwazi ukuwalandela la macebiso ukuze uthuthukise impilo yokuzala:

• Gcina ukudla okulinganiselayo okunothe ngeziqhamo, imifino, nezinhlamvu eziphelele. Ukudla okulinganiselayo kukunika amandla ezakhamzimba ezibalulekile zempilo yokuzala. Ukusebenzisa Conceive Plus Women’s Fertility Support, okuhlanganiswe ne-folate, i-zinc, ne-myo-inositol, kungasiza ukulawula ukulingana kwama-hormone nokusekela ukukhishwa kweqanda, kuthuthukise impilo yokuzala konke.
• Zivocavoce njalo ngoba kusiza ekulawuleni isisindo, kunciphise ukucindezeleka, futhi kuthuthukise izinkinga zempilo.
• Yenza ukuhlolwa njalo nodokotela noma umhlinzeki wezempilo ukuze kutholakale kusenesikhathi izinkinga ezingaba khona ekuzaleni.
• Zilolonge ngenhlanzeko enhle futhi wenze ucansi oluphephile ukuvikela izifo ezithathelwana ngocansi.
• Gwema ukubhema futhi unciphise ukusetshenziswa kotshwala ngoba kungaholela ezinkingeni zokuzala nakwezinye izinkinga zempilo.
• Phuza amanzi amaningi futhi ulale ngokwanele.
• Landelela imijikelezo yakho yokuya esikhathini futhi uxhumane nodokotela wakho uma uhlangabezana nanoma yiziphi izinguquko noma ukungajwayelekile.

Okubalulekile Ongakukhipha Mayelana Nempilo Yokuzala Yabesifazane

Impilo yokuzala yabesifazane ibaluleke kakhulu ekukhulelweni okuyimpumelelo. Izinselelo ezivamile njengokungalingani kwama-hormone, i-PCOS, ne-endometriosis zingathinta kakhulu impilo yowesifazane nokuphila kahle kwakhe konke.

Ukutholakala kwalezi zinkinga kusenesikhathi kungakhuphula kakhulu amathuba okukhulelwa futhi kunciphise ingozi yezinkinga. Ukuhlolwa njalo, ukudla nokuphila okunempilo, kanye nokuphatha ukucindezeleka kudlala indima ebalulekile ekuthuthukiseni impilo yokuzala yabesifazane.

Izinsiza Ezisetshenzisiwe

1. Xu, X., Huang, Z., Yu, K., Li, J., Fu, X., & Deng, S. (2022). Ukwakheka Kwe-Estrogen Nokudluliselwa Kwezimpawu Ezimeni Zesifo Sama-ovary. Frontiers in Endocrinology, 13, 827032. https://doi.org/10.3389/fendo.2022.827032
2. Agarwal, N., & Kulshrestha, V. (2017). Ama-Hormone Ekulahlekelweni Okuphindaphindiwe Kokukhulelwa. Ku-Springer eBooks (amakhasi 79–88). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-7338-0_6
3. Isifo se-polycystic ovary syndrome. (2023, June 28). https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/polycystic-ovary-syndrome#:~:text=Key%20facts,a%20leading%20cause%20of%20infertility.
4. Melo, A. S., Ferriani, R. A., & Navarro, P. A. (2015). Ukwelashwa Kokungazali Kwabesifazane Abane-polycystic ovary syndrome: Indlela Yokusebenza Esikhungweni Sezokwelapha. Clinics, 70(11), 765-769. https://doi.org/10.6061/clinics/2015(11)09
5. Endometriosis. (2023, March 24). https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/endometriosis
6. Yang, Q., Ciebiera, M., Bariani, M. V., Ali, M., Elkafas, H., Boyer, T. G., & Al-Hendy, A. (2022). Uhlaziyo Olubanzi Lwama-Fibroid Esibeletho: Umsuka Wentuthuko, I-Pathogenesis, Nokwelashwa. Endocrine Reviews, 43(4), 678-719. https://doi.org/10.1210/endrev/bnab039