Igama lezokwelapha elithi “Prostat o”: Ukuqonda amagama ezokwelapha

Amagama ezokwelapha abalulekile ngoba avumela odokotela nabasebenzi bezempilo ukuthi bachaze izinto ngokusobala.  

Ku-model of male reproductive system, kukhona amagama athile ezithweni ezifana namasende nakumikhiqizo efana nesidoda. La magama asetshenziswa ukukhuluma ngezimo zempilo nokwelashwa okuhlobene nokuzala kowesilisa. Ngokwesibonelo, igama lezokwelapha elithi prostat o limele i-prostate gland, ithuluzi lokuzala elibalulekile kowesilisa.

Lesi sihloko sizochaza eminye yemigomo emikhulu yezokwelapha yezingxenye ezahlukene zesistimu yokuzala kowesilisa ukuze kube lula ukuqonda impilo yokuzala yabesilisa.

Imigomo Yezokwelapha Yamalunga Okuzala Abesilisa

Imigomo ehlukahlukene yezokwelapha ivamile ezikhungweni zezempilo nasezincwadini uma kukhulunywa ngamalunga okuzala abesilisa. Ezinye zazo kungenzeka ukuthi uke wazizwa kaningi kanti ezinye zingase zibonakale zingamasha kuwe.

Lezi yilezi:  

• Prostato (I-prostate gland)

Igama lezokwelapha le-prostate gland ngu-"prostato." Le nhlomulo (gland) ibamba iqhaza elikhulu ekukhiqizeni uketshezi olondla futhi luvikele isidoda [ 1]. Lolu lwelo luyingxenye yesidoda (semen), esisiza isidoda ukuba sihambe ngesikhathi sokuchama kwezocansi (ejaculation).  

Izinkinga nge-prostate, njengokwanda noma ukuvuvukala (infection), zingathinta ukuzala kwabesilisa nempilo yonke jikelele.

• Orchido (Amasende)

"Orchido" libhekisela emasendeni emagameni ezokwelapha. Leli ithuluzi lokuzala lesilisa elinesibopho sokukhiqiza isidoda ne-testosterone [ 2]. 

Le misebenzi emibili ibalulekile ekuzaleni kwabesilisa nasekulawuleni amazinga amahomoni. Noma yikuphi ukulimala noma isifo esithinta amasende, njengokulimala okungokwenyama noma izifo, kunganciphisa ukukhiqizwa kwesidoda.

• Vas Deferens

I-vas deferens yigama lezokwelapha elisetshenziswa kuma-ejaculatory ducts, okungamathumbu athwala isidoda lisuke emasende liye ngaphandle [ 3]. Leli thumbu elinemisipha lithwala isidoda lisuka emasende liye ku-urethra ngesikhathi sokuchama kwezocansi (ejaculation).  

Ithumbu le-Vas Deferens libamba iqhaza elibalulekile ekuthutheni isidoda ukuze lixubeleke nolwelo lwe-seminal. Ukuvinjwa ku-vas deferens kungadala izinkinga zokungabi nenzalo, kuvimbele isidoda ukuthi siphume ngendlela efanele.

• Epididymo (I-epididymis)

"Epididymo" yigama lezokwelapha elisho i-epididymis. Leli yithumbu eligoqiwe elitholakala ngemuva kwelungu ngalinye lesidoda eligcina futhi livundise isidoda ngaphambi kokuchama kwezocansi (ejaculation).  

Isidoda sidlula ku-epididymis, lapho sithola ikhono lokubhukuda nokuvundisa iqanda. Noma iyiphi ukutheleleka noma ukuvuvukala kule ndawo kungaholela ebuhlungwini nasezinkingeni zokuzala.

• Ama-Seminal Vesicles

Ama-seminal vesicles amagciwane amancane akhiqiza ingxenye enkulu yoketshezi olutholakala esidodeni. Lolu ketshezi lunikeza amandla esidodeni futhi lusisize sihambe ohlelweni lokuzala lowesifazane. Izinkinga ngama-seminal vesicles zinganciphisa ikhwalithi yesidoda futhi zithinte ukuzala.

Uyini igama lezokwelapha elisetshenziswa ngesidoda?

Igama lezokwelapha elithi spermat lisetshenziswa ukuchaza amaseli esidoda ohlelweni lwezempilo. Liyiseli lokuzala kowesilisa elikhishwa ephenisini ngesikhathi sokufafazwa kwesidoda. Isidoda noma i-spermato siqukethe ikhophi ye-DNA yomlingani wesilisa. 

Lapho isidoda sihlangana neqanda, sidabula ungqimba lwangaphandle leqanda singene ngaphakathi [4]. Le nqubo ibizwa ngokuthi ukuvundiswa futhi lapha yilapho i-DNA esesidodeni ihlangana ne-DNA eseqandeni kuqale impilo entsha. 

Kusho Ukuthini Igama Elithi Androgenic?

I-Androgenic ibhekisela ezintweni ezihlobene nezimfanelo noma izici zobudoda, ikakhulukazi ezithonywa amahomoni esilisa anjenge-testosterone [5]. Lezi zimfanelo zifaka phakathi izinto ezifana nezinwele zobuso, izwi elijulile, ukuziphatha kwezocansi kanye nokukhula kwemisipha.

Amahomoni e-androgenic adlala indima ebalulekile ngesikhathi sokufikisa nasekuthuthukisweni kwezocansi kwamadoda. Abamba iqhaza futhi ekulawuleni imisebenzi efana nokukhiqizwa kwesidoda. 

Ulwazi ngamahomoni e-androgenic lungasiza ukuchaza ezinye izifo noma ukwelashwa okuhlobene nempilo yamadoda, kuhlanganise nokungalingani kwamahomoni noma izinkinga zokuzala.

Imigomo Yezokwelapha Ezisetshenziswa Ezinkingeni Zokuzala Kowesilisa

Ezinye izisho zezokwelapha ezivamile zezinkinga zokuzala kowesilisa yilezi:

• I-Oligospermia (Inani Eliphansi Lesidoda)

I-Oligospermia ibhekisela esimweni lapho indoda inenani eliphansi lesidoda kunelijwayelekile [6]. Lokhu kungenza kube nzima kuye ukuba abe nguyise wengane, ngoba inani elincane lesidoda linciphisa amathuba okuvundisa iqanda.

• Ukungasebenzi kahle kwe-erection (ED)

Ukungasebenzi kahle kwe-erection kuwukwehluleka ukuthola noma ukugcina ukuqinisa kwelungu lobulili okwanele ukwenza ucansi. Kungadalwa izizathu zomzimba noma ezingokwengqondo futhi kuthinta amadoda amaningi, ikakhulukazi njengoba bekhula eminyakeni [7].

• I-Varicocele

I-varicocele uwukwanda kwemithambo yegazi ngaphakathi esikhwamenweni, okufana nemithambo ehlaba. Lesi simo singathinta ukukhiqizwa kwesidoda futhi siyimbangela ejwayelekile yokungabi nenzalo kowesilisa.

• I-Azoospermia (Akukho sidoda ekukhishweni kwesidoda)

I-Azoospermia yisimo lapho kungatholakali nhlobo isidoda esidodeni. Lokhu kungenzeka ngenxa yokuvinjelwa kwemithambo, ukungalingani kwamahomoni, noma izinkinga ekukhiqizweni kwesidoda, okuthinta kakhulu ukuzala. Ngaphezu kokwelashwa kwezokwelapha, ukusebenzisa izithasiselo zokuzala eziqukethe izakhamzimba ezibalulekile kungase kusekele impilo yokuzala kowesilisa.\

Kungani Imigomo Yezokwelapha Ibalulekile?

Ukunikeza uhlelo lokuzala lwesilisa noma noma iyiphi enye ingxenye yomzimba amagama ezokwelapha kubalulekile ohlelweni lwezempilo ngezizathu ezilandelayo:

• Imigomo yezokwelapha isiza abantu baqonde impilo yokuzala kowesilisa nezifo ezihlobene nayo ngokucacile.
• Ivumela odokotela neziguli ukuthi baxhumane ngokunembile futhi bagweme ukungaqondani.
• Le migomo iyamukeleka emhlabeni wonke, okusho ukuthi iyaqondwa nochwepheshe bezempilo emhlabeni jikelele.
• Ulwazi oluhlobene nemigomo yezokwelapha yowesilisa lusiza ochwepheshe abavela ezilimini nasemazweni ahlukene ukuba baqondane.
• Ukusebenzisa imigomo ngendlela efanayo kuqinisekisa ukuthi wonke umuntu uyaqondana lapho kubekwa izifo, kuxoxwa ngezindlela zokwelapha, noma kwenziwa ucwaningo mayelana nempilo yokuzala kowesilisa.

Okubalulekile Ekugcineni

Imigomo yezokwelapha ingase ibonakale inzima noma ilukhuni ukuyiqonda ekuqaleni kodwa iba nencazelo enkulu uma usuqonda ukubaluleka kwayo. Ulwazi ngemigomo yezokwelapha yezingxenye zomzimba zokuzala kowesilisa lungasiza ekuqondeni kangcono uhlelo lokuzala lwesilisa.

Imigomo yezokwelapha ibalulekile futhi kochwepheshe kunoma yisiphi isikhungo sezokwelapha ukuze kube nokuxhumana okungcono nokugwema ubunzima lapho kubhekwana nolwazi emhlabeni wonke.

Imithombo esetshenzisiwe

1. Institute for Quality and Efficiency in Health Care (IQWiG). (2022, September 15). Ngamafuphi: I-prostate isebenza kanjani? InformedHealth.org - NCBI Bookshelf. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK279291/ 
2. O’Donnell, L., Stanton, P., & De Kretser, D. M. (2017, January 11). I-Endocrinology Yohlelo Lokuzala Lomuntu Wesilisa Nokwenziwa Kwesidoda (Spermatogenesis). Endotext - NCBI Bookshelf. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK279031/ 
3. Koslov, D. S., & Andersson, E. (2013). Izingxenye zomzimba nezomuthi ze-vas deferens—Isibuyekezo. Frontiers in Pharmacology, 4. https://doi.org/10.3389/fphar.2013.00101 
4. Indlela Isidoda Esingaphakathi Eqandeni Esiholela Ngayo Ekukhulelweni kanye Nohambo Lwesidoda Namaqanda. Conceive Plus®. https://conceiveplus.com/blogs/blog/how-sperm-in-egg-leads-to-fertilization-and-the-journey-of-sperm-and-egg-cells 
5. Handelsman, D. J. (2020, October 5). Ifuzo Lama-androgen, I-Pharmacology, Ukusetshenziswa Nokusebenzisa Kabi. Endotext - NCBI Bookshelf. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK279000/ 
6. Ukukhiqizwa Okuncane Kwesidoda: Indlela yokwandisa inani lesidoda. Conceive Plus®. https://conceiveplus.com/blogs/blog/scanty-production-of-sperm-how-to-boost-sperm-count 
7. Lowy, M., & Ramanathan, V. (2022). Ukungasebenzi kahle kwe-erection: Izimbangela, ukuhlolwa nezinketho zokuphathwa. Australian Prescriber, 45(5), 159-161. https://doi.org/10.18773/austprescr.2022.051