Ingabe ukoma kwesitho sangasese sowesifazane kuwuphawu lokukhulelwa?

Ukukhulelwa kuletha izinguquko eziningi emzimbeni, ezinye ezilindelekile, njengesiyezi noma ukukhathala, kanti ezinye zingamangaza kakhulu. Omunye walezi zimpawu ezingaxoxwa kakhulu ukoma kwesitho sangasese sowesifazane. Kubikwe ukuthi kuthinta u-46% wazo zonke izifazane zeminyaka yokuzala.[1] Ngenkathi izifazane eziningi zihlanganisa ukukhulelwa nokwanda kokuphuma uketshezi, ezinye zingase zizwe okuphambene nalokho, okungenza zizibuze ukuthi ukoma kwesitho sangasese sowesifazane kungaba uphawu lokuqala lokukhulelwa yini.

Ukuqonda Izinguquko Zamazinga Amahormoni Ngesikhathi Sokukhulelwa

Amahomoni adlala indima ebalulekile kuzo zonke izigaba zokukhulelwa. Amasonto okuqala aphawuleka ngokwanda okukhulu kwe-progesterone ne-estrogen, womabili asiza ukusekela ukukhulelwa nokulungiselela umzimba izinguquko eziningi ezizayo. Ngokuvamile, ukwanda kwe-estrogen kungaholela ekwandeni kokugcotshwa kwesitho sangasese sowesifazane, kodwa kwezinye izifazane lokhu kuguquguquka kwamahomoni kungaholela esikhathini sesikhashana sokoma.

Omunye umbuzo ojwayelekile uthi, ukoma kuyisibonakaliso sokuya esikhathini noma ukukhulelwa? Lokhu kungadida ngoba ukuguquguquka kwamahomoni kwenzeka kokubili ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa nasemjikelezweni wokuya esikhathini, kanti nezimpawu ezifana nokoma zingahlangana. Nokho, nakuba ukoma kwesitho sangasese sowesifazane kuvame kakhulu ukuhlotshaniswa nokushoda kwe-estrogen, njengangesikhathi sokunqamuka kokuya esikhathini (menopause), kungavela nasekukukhulelweni kwezinye izifazane, ikakhulukazi kwikota yokuqala yokukhulelwa.

Izimbangela Zokoma Kwesitho Sangesese Sowesifazane Ekuqaleni Kokukhulelwa

Nakuba ukoma kwesitho sangasese sowesifazane kungesona isimpawu esaziwa kakhulu sokukhulelwa, kunezinto eziningana ezingaba negalelo kuso. Njengoba amazinga amahomoni enyuka futhi eguquguquka ekuqaleni kokukhulelwa, umzimba ungaphendula ngezindlela ezingalindelekile. Ezinye izifazane zingathola ukuthi esikhundleni sokwanda kokuphuma uketshezi, zizithola sezilunywa noma zomile endaweni yesitho sangasese njengophawu lokuqala lokukhulelwa. Lokhu kungabangelwa ukungalingani kwamahomoni, izinguquko zesikhashana ekwakhekeni komzimba, noma ngisho nendlela yokuphila efana nezinga lamanzi emzimbeni.\[2]

Ngaphezu kwezinguquko zamahomoni, ezinye izimbangela zokuqina nokoma kwesitho sangasese sowesifazane ekuqaleni kokukhulelwa zingaba zihlanganisa:

• Ukoma komzimba: Ukukhulelwa kukhulisa isidingo somzimba samanzi, kanti ukuhlala unamanzi emzimbeni kubalulekile ekugcineni izinga lokunomswakama ezicutshini, kuhlanganise nendawo yesitho sangasese sowesifazane.
• IngcindeziUmfutho wokuzivumelanisa nokukhulelwa, kokubili emzimbeni nasezingqondweni, kwesinye isikhathi ungaphazamisa ikhono lomzimba lokugcina amazinga okujwayelekile okugcotshwa.
• Izinguquko emikhubeni yokunakekela umzimba siqu: Abesifazane abakhulelwe bavame ukushintsha imikhiqizo yabo yokuhlanza umzimba, besebenzisa insipho noma amalotha angaphazamisa i-pH yesitho sangasese sowesifazane futhi anikele ekomeni.

Ukoma Kwesitho Sangasese Sowesifazane Nezimpawu Zokuqala Zokukhulelwa

Lapho ucabangela ukuthi ukoma uphawu lokusondela kokuya esikhathini noma lokukhulelwa, kubalulekile ukubheka nezinye izimpawu ezihambisana nako. Ekuqaleni kokukhulelwa, abesifazane bangase babe nezinye izimpawu ezifana nokukhathala, ubuhlungu bezicupho zamabele, nesiyezi. Ukoma kwesitho sangasese sowesifazane, uma kukhona, ngokuvamile akuyona into ebonakala yodwa. Nokho, kwesinye isikhathi kungaba esinye sezimpawu zokuqala ezibonakalayo njengoba umzimba uqala ukuzivumelanisa namazinga amahomoni amasha.[3]

Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi ukoma kwesitho sangasese sowesifazane kuvame kakhulu ukuhlotshaniswa nesikhathi sokungena esikhathini (perimenopause) noma izimo zamahomoni ezinciphisa amazinga e-estrogen, kodwa ezimeni ezingavamile, kungavela ekuqaleni kokukhulelwa. Umuzwa wesitho sangasese esomile njengophawu lokukhulelwa kusenesikhathi ungamangaza abanye abesifazane ababekulindele ukwanda kokumanzi kwesitho sangasese njengoba amazinga amahomoni eshintsha.

Ukwehlukanisa Izimpawu Zokukhulelwa Nezokuya Esikhathini

Ngoba ukoma kwesitho sangasese sowesifazane kungenzeka kokubili ekuqaleni kokukhulelwa nasezingxenyeni zangaphambi kokuya esikhathini, kungaba nzima ukwehlukanisa phakathi kwalokhu okubili. Abesifazane abaningi baqaphela izinguquko ekukhishweni kwesitho sangasese noma ezingeni lokumanzi njengoba besondela esikhathini sabo ngenxa yokuguquguquka kwamazinga e-estrogen. Ngakho-ke, umbuzo uhlala umi: ukoma uphawu lokusondela kokuya esikhathini noma lokukhulelwa?

Ngokuvamile, ukoma kwesitho sangasese sowesifazane ngaphambi kokuya esikhathini kuvame ukuhlotshaniswa nokwehla kwe-estrogen okwenzeka ngemuva kokuvuthwa kweqanda. Ngesikhathi sokuqala sokukhulelwa, i-estrogen ngokuvamile iyakhuphuka ukuze isekele ukukhulelwa, kodwa umehluko ngabanye ungaholela ezikhathini zesikhashana zokoma. Uma ukoma kwesitho sangasese sowesifazane kuhambisana nezinye izimpawu zokuqala zokukhulelwa isonto 1 njengesiyezi, ukukhathala, noma ubuhlungu bezicupho zamabele, kungaba uphawu lokukhulelwa kusenesikhathi. Nokho, uma ukoma kuvela kanye nezimpawu ezijwayelekile zangaphambi kokuya esikhathini njengamathumba esiswini noma ukushintsha kwemizwa, cishe kuwuphawu lokuthi isikhathi sokuya esikhathini siya kusondela.

Ukuphatha Ukoma Kwesitho Sangasese Sowesifazane Ngesikhathi Sokukhulelwa

Kulabo abahlangabezana nokoma kwesitho sangasese ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, kukhona izindlela eziningana zokulawula lobu bungakhululeki:

• Hlala unamanzi emzimbeni: Phuza amanzi amaningi ukuze usize ukugcina izicubu zomzimba wonke, kuhlanganise nezicubu zesitho sangasese sowesifazane, zinamanzi kahle.
• Sebenzisa i-moisturizer emnene engenaphunga: Kukhona imikhiqizo eklanyelwe ngokukhethekile ukusetshenziswa esithweni sangasese sowesifazane engasiza ukunciphisa ukoma ngaphandle kokuphazamisa ibhalansi yemvelo yaleyo ndawo.
• Gwema insipho namakhemikhali anolaka: Ezinye izinsipho, amabhamuza okugeza, noma imikhiqizo yokuhlanza umzimba ingenza ukoma kube kubi ngokususa uwoyela wemvelo. Khetha imikhiqizo emnene engenaphunga.
• Gqoka izingubo ezivumela umoya: Izingubo zangaphansi zikakotini ezingacindezeli umzimba zivumela umoya ukuthi ujikeleze futhi zingasiza ukunciphisa ukucasuka okubangelwa ukoma.

Uma ukoma sekuqhubeka isikhathi eside noma kubangela ukungakhululeki okukhulu, kubalulekile ukubonisana nochwepheshe wezempilo. Bangakwazi ukuxosha ezinye izimbangela ezingaba khona, ezifana nezifo ezithathelwanayo noma ukungalingani kwamahomoni, bese batusa izindlela ezifanele zokwelapha noma ama-lubricant okusiza ukunciphisa ukoma.

Isiphetho

Nakuba ukoma kwesitho sangasese kungesona isibonakaliso esivamile sokukhulelwa, kungavela ngenxa yezinguquko zamahomoni emzimbeni ezigabeni zokuqala zokukhulelwa. Umbuzo othi, ingabe ukoma kuwuphawu lwenyanga yokuya esikhathini noma lokukhulelwa, ungaba nzima ngoba kokubili ukukhulelwa nomjikelezo wokuya esikhathini kubangela ukuguquguquka kwamahomoni okungaholela ezimpawini ezifanayo. Uma usola ukuthi ungase ukhulelwe futhi uhlangabezana nokoma kwesitho sangasese, kubalulekile ukucabangela ezinye izimpawu zokukhulelwa nokubonisana nochwepheshe wezempilo ukuze uqinisekise.

Ngamafuphi, yize ukoma kwesitho sangasese kungavela ezigabeni zokuqala zokukhulelwa, kuvame kakhulu ukuba uphawu lwezinye izinto, okuhlanganisa ukoma emzimbeni noma ukucindezeleka. Ukuqaphela zonke izimpawu zomzimba wakho nokufuna iseluleko sezokwelashwa lapho kudingeka khona kungakusiza ukubhekana nalezi zinguquko ngomdlandla nokuzethemba.

 Imithombo:

1. Ellington, J., Daugherty Short. Ubuningi bokoma kwesitho sangasese sowesifazane emibhangqwaneni ezama ukukhulelwa. [2003/04/01]. [UNYAKA WOCWANINGO- 2003]. i-DOI: 10.1016/S0015-0282(03)00127-4
2. I-American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists. Uyabhekana nokoma kwesitho sangasese sowesifazane? Nansi into okufanele uyazi (https://www.acog.org/womens-health/experts-and-stories/the-latest/experiencing-vaginal-dryness-heres-what-you-need-to-know ). Kufinyelelwe ngo-10/06/2024
3. Uhlelo Lukazwelonke Lwezempilo. Ukoma kwesitho sangasese sowesifazane (https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/vaginal-dryness/). Kufinyelelwe ngo-10/06/2024