Ungawathola Kanjani Ama-vitamin Okubeletha Angahlafunwa Asezingeni Eliphezulu?

Amavithamini e-prenatal ayizithasiselo eziklanyelwe ngokukhethekile ezinikeza izinhlaka-mzimba ezibalulekile ukuze kusekelwe impilo kamama nengane ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa. La mavithamini asiza ukugcwalisa izikhala ekudleni okungenzeka kube nzima ukuzigcwalisa ngokudla kuphela [1]. Lokhu kuqinisekisa ukuthi umntwana okhula uthola izinhlaka-mzimba azidingayo ukuze akhule futhi athuthuke kahle.

Ochwepheshe bezempilo batusa ukuthatha amavithamini e-prenatal ngaphambi nangesikhathi sokukhulelwa ukuze kusekelwe uhambo lokukhulelwa olunempilo [2]. Ungawathola amavithamini e-prenatal ngezinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko: amaphilisi endabuko nama-gummy ahlafunwayo.

Naphezu kokuthi izinhlobo zombili zinikeza izinhlaka-mzimba ezibalulekile, amavithamini e-prenatal ahlafunwayo asezuze udumo phakathi kwabesifazane ngenxa yokuba lula kwawo nokunambitheka okuhehayo. Lokhu kuduma kwama-vithamini e-prenatal e-gummy kudale umbuzo ojwayelekile othi, ungawathola kanjani amavithamini amahle e-prenatal ahlafunwayo?

Amaphilisi vs. Ama-gummy kuma-vithamini e-prenatal

Amavithamini e-prenatal ngokwesiko eza ngesimo samaphilisi, ongawagwinya ngamanzi njengamanye wonke amaphilisi. Nokho, amavithamini e-prenatal ahlafunwayo, avame ukubizwa ngokuthi ama-gummy, ayelinye ikhambi lokuthola amavithamini e-prenatal, futhi aseya ngokuya eduma. Zombili lezi zinketho zinikeza izinhlaka-mzimba ezisemqoka kodwa zakhelwe ukuhlangabezana nokuthandwa nezidingo ezahlukene.

1. Amaphilisi endabuko

Amaphilisi endabuko e-vithamini ye-prenatal ngokuvamile makhulu ngosayizi, okungase kube nzima ukuwagwinya kwezinye izifazane. Futhi avamise ukuba nokunambitheka okungemnandi, okuthi, uma kuhlangene nosayizi wawo omkhulu, kwenze kube nzima kubesifazane abaningi ukuwathatha njalo.

Amaphilisi endabuko nawo anezinzuzo ezithile uma kuqhathaniswa nama-gummy. Avamise ukuba noshukela omncane owengeziwe uma uqhathanisa nama-gummy, okuyinto ebalulekile kwabesifazane abalandelela amakhalori abo. Futhi, uma ukhetha amaphilisi, uthola imikhiqizo eminingi ehlongozwayo yamaphilisi e-prenatal, okukunika uhla olukhulu ongakhetha kulo, ngokungafani nama-gummy lapho izinketho zilinganiselwe.

2. Ama-gummy ahlafunwayo

Ama-gummy e-prenatal athambile, ahlafunekayo, futhi atholakala ngokunambitheka kwezithelo, okwenza kube lula ukuwasebenzisa. Lezi ziyinketho engcono kakhulu kwabesifazane abanezicanucanu noma abangathandi ukugwinya amaphilisi amakhulu. Ama-gummy e-prenatal athambile esiswini futhi anciphisa ingozi yokungakhululeki emathunjini uma kuqhathaniswa namaphilisi.

Ububi bawo ukuthi ama-gummy amaningi e-pre-natal aqukethe ushukela owengeziwe ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukunambitheka, okungenzeka kungafaneli wonke umuntu. Futhi, ukuhlinzekwa kwama-gummy e-prenatal kuncane uma kuqhathaniswa namaphilisi.

Kungani amavithamini e-prenatal ahlafunwayo engaba inketho engcono?

Amavithamini e-prenatal ahlafunwayo asebe yinketho ethandwa ngabesifazane abaningi, futhi nansi eminye yezizathu:

1. Ubulula bokuwasebenzisa: Ezinye izifazane ziba nesicanucanu sasekuseni noma ubunzima bokugwinya amaphilisi ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa [3]. Ama-gummy e-prenatal anikeza enye indlela elula ngoba athambile futhi ahlafuneka kalula.
2. Ukunambitheka Okumnandi: Ama-gummy avame ukuza nawo ukunambitheka kwezitshalo ezinezithelo noma ezimnandi, okwenza isipiliyoni sokuwathatha sijabulise. Lokhu kungasiza kakhulu uma izifiso noma ukwenqaba ukudla ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa kwenza kungajabulisi ukugwinya amaphilisi [4].
3. Athambile Esiswini: Abesifazane abaningi bathola ukuthi amavithamini ahlafunwayo athambile esiswini kunezibhebhe ezijwayelekile, ezingakha izimpawu ezifana nokungaphatheki kahle esiswini nokuhlanza.
4. Kukhuthaza Ukuzinza: Ukunambitheka oku mnandi nobulula bokuhlafuna la mavithamini kukhuthaza ukuqhubeka uwasebenzisa nsuku zonke, kuqinisekisa ukuthi awuphosi umthamo ojwayelekile wezakhi-mzimba ezibalulekile ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa.

Akungatshaywa ngemva ukuthi ama-gummy e-prenatal anezinzuzo eziningi, kodwa kubalulekile futhi ukucabangela ukuthi awaphelele futhi anokunye abangakwazi ukukuhlinzeka. Isibonelo, angase angabi nenani elanele le-ayoni njengezinkwa zevitamini ezijwayelekile. I-ayoni iyisakhi-mzimba esibalulekile ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, ngakho-ke abesifazane abakhetha amavithamini agunyazekayo okufunwa kufanele baqinisekise ukuthi bathola i-ayoni eyanele kwezinye izindlela, njengokudla noma ezinye izithasiselo.

Ungayikhetha Kanjani Ivitamin Enhle Ye-prenatal?

Isinqumo sokukhetha ivithamini eyodwa ye-prenatal phakathi kwezinketho eziningi singadida, ikakhulukazi kumama okhathazeke kakhulu ngokukhulelwa kwakhe. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi ukukhetha ivithamini efanele ye-prenatal kuyisinqumo esibalulekile empilweni kamama nengane.

Ukuze wenze lesi sinqumo sibe lula, nansi eminye imihlahlandlela okufanele uyicabangele lapho ukhetha ama-gummy e-prenatal angcono kakhulu:

1. Bheka Izakhi-mzimba Ezisemqoka

I-ivitamin ye-prenatal kufanele iqukathe izakhi-mzimba ezisemqoka empilweni yokukhulelwa, kuhlanganise ne-folic acid, i-ayoni, ivithamini D, i-iodine, ne-DHA [5]. Lezi zakhi-mzimba zingaba nomthelela omkhulu empilweni kamama nasekuthuthukisweni kwengane ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa. Futhi, ukuswela lezi zakhi-mzimba kungaholela ezinkingeni ezinkulu zokuzalwa.

2. Hlola Izitifiketi Zekhwalithi

Qiniseka ukuthi uphawu olukhethayo lwama-gummy e-prenatal lunikeza imibiko yokuhlolwa yizinkampani zangaphandle mayelana namandla nokuphepha komkhiqizo walo. Lokhu kuyinto ebalulekile ngoba noma yikuphi ukwehla kwekhwalithi yomkhiqizo kungabeka engozini impilo kamama nengane ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa.

3. Cabanga Ngezidingo Zakho Ezithile

Uma ungathandi izithambisa ezengeziwe noma ukunambitheka okuthile, qiniseka ukuthi ufunda kahle incazelo yomkhiqizo ngaphambi koku-oda ukuze ungagcini usuthole into ongayithandi. Ukuthenga okunjalo kungenza ulwazi lwakho lokuthola ama-prenatal vitamins lungabi mnandi.

Izakhi Eziyinhloko Kuma-Prenatal Vitamins Nokubaluleka Kwazo

Kukhona inqwaba yamavithamini nezakhi ezomsoco ezingasekela ukukhulelwa ngokuqondile noma ngokungaqondile. Kodwa-ke, ezinye zalezi zakhi zibaluleke kakhulu kunezinye, kanti ukuswela kwazo kungaholela ezinkingeni. Nawa amanye ala mazakhi okufanele abe khona ku-prenatal vitamin supplement oyikhethayo:

1. Folic Acid

Ucwaningo lukhombisa ukuthi izinga elanele le-folic acid ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa lingavimbela ukungasebenzi kahle kwe-neural tube, okuthinta ubuchopho nomgogodla wengane [6]. Ochwepheshe bancoma ukuthatha ama-micrograms angu-400 kuya ku-800 e-folic acid nsuku zonke ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa. Ungathola i-folic acid kumagreen anamagxolo, ubhontshisi, nakuma-cereal aqiniswe nge-folic acid, kodwa izithasiselo zinconywa kakhulu.

2. Iron

Umzimba womfazi ukhiqiza kufika ku-50% wegazi elengeziwe ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa kunokuvamile [7]. I-Iron iyadingeka ukwakha leli gazi elingeziwe ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa nokuvimbela i-anemia. Imibiko iphakamisa ukuthi owesifazane okhulelwe udinga ama-milligram angu-27 e-iron nsuku zonke [8]. Ezinye izithombo ze-iron ekudleni zifaka inyama ebomvu, isipinashi, nezinhlamvu ezihluma emhlabathini (legumes). Amanye ama-prenatal vitamins aco­liswayo aneleveli ephansi ye-iron; esimeni esinjalo, kubalulekile ukucabangela izithasiselo ezengeziwe noma ama-prenatal gummies ane-iron.

3. Calcium

I-Calcium isiza ekwakhekeni kwamathambo namazinyo engane. I-WHO incoma ukuthi abesifazane abakhulelwe bathathe ama-milligram angu-1200 e-calcium nsuku zonke [9]. Eminye imithombo ye-calcium ekudleni ihlanganisa imikhiqizo yobisi nobisi lwezitshalo oluqiniswe nge-calcium. Nokho, ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, kuhle ukuthatha ama-prenatal vitamins aqukethe i-calcium ukuze uthole ukwesekwa okwengeziwe nokugwema ukuswela.

4. Vitamin D

I-Vitamin D isiza ukumuncwa kwe-calcium futhi isekele amasosha omzimba. Ucwaningo lukhombisa ukuthi ukuthatha i-vitamin D engu-1000 kuya ku-2000 IU kuphephile ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa [10]. Ungathola i-vitamin D ekukhanyeni kwelanga, kokudla okuqiniswe nge-vitamin, nakuma-gummy prenatal vitamins asezingeni eliphezulu.

5. Iodine

Iodine ibalulekile ekusebenzeni kahle kwe-thyroid kukamama nasekuthuthukisweni kobuchopho bengane. Inani le-iodine elinconyiwe kwabesifazane abakhulelwe lingu-150 micrograms ngosuku. Ungathola leli nani le-iodine kusawoti onama-iodine, ezilwaneni zasolwandle, nakwimikhiqizo yobisi, kodwa ama-supplement e-prenatal ayaphinde anconywe ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa.

6. DHA

Ucwaningo lukhombisa ukuthi i-prenatal DHA esezingeni eliphezulu isekela ukuthuthuka kobuchopho namehlo ezinganeni [11]. Kunconyelwe abesifazane abakhulelwe ukuba bathathe ama-milligram angu-200 kuya ku-300 e-DHA nsuku zonke. Ungathola i-DHA ezinhlanzini ezinamafutha, kuwoyela wezinhlanzi, nakuma-prenatal vitamins ahamba ne-DHA.

Imibuzo Evamile Mayelana Nama-vitamin Okukhulelwa Acoliswayo

Abanye abesifazane bakhathazeka ngenani likashukela kuma-vithamini e-prenatal alunywayo. Nakuba ama-gummy evame ukufakwa ushukela ukuze kube mnandi ukuwathatha, kukhona nezinketho ezingena-shukela kulabo abakhathazeka ngokudla ushukela omningi.

Okunye ukukhathazeka kungenxa yokuthi ama-gummy angase abe nenani eliphansi lensimbi uma kuqhathaniswa namaphilisi. Uma izinga lensimbi linganele ku-vitamin yakho elunywayo, kufanele ufake ukudla okucebe ngensimbi noma uthathe amavithamini amahle e-prenatal ane-insimbi. Kubalulekile futhi ukubheka ukuthi ama-gummy aqukethe yini into okukuyo ukungezwani komzimba. Hlale ufunda ilebula ngokucophelela futhi uxhumane nodokotela wakho ukuze uqinisekise ukuthi i-vitamin ye-prenatal oyikhethayo ihlangabezana nezidingo zakho.

Kufanele uqale nini ukuthatha amavithamini e-prenatal?

Kuhle ukuqala ukuthatha amavithamini e-prenatal ngaphambi kokuba ukhulelwe. Lokhu kuqinisekisa ukuthi umzimba wakho unazo zonke izakhamzimba ezidingekayo ngesikhathi kuthatha ukuqala ukuthuthuka komntwana ezigabeni zokuqala zokukhulelwa. Iningi lodokotela lincoma ukuqala okungenani ezinyangeni ezintathu ngaphambi kokuzama ukukhulelwa.

Uma usukhulelwe kakade, akukaze kube sekwedlule isikhathi ukuqalisa. Ukuthatha amavithamini e-prenatal ngesikhathi sonke sokukhulelwa kuqinisekisa ukuthi wena nengane yakho nithola izakhamzimba ezibalulekile ezifana ne-folic acid, insimbi, ne-DHA. Lezi zakhamzimba zingasiza ukuvimbela iziphene zokuzalwa nokuphuma kwesisu futhi zisekele ukukhula nentuthuko yomntwana esesibelethweni.

Okubalulekile ekugcineni

Odokotela bavame ukuncoma amavithamini e-prenatal kubo omama abakhulelwe noma abesifazane abazama ukukhulelwa. Lezi zengezo ziqukethe amavithamini amaningi abalulekile namaminerali athinta kahle impilo kamama nomntwana.

Ngokwesiko, amavithamini e-prenatal ayetholakala kuphela ngendlela yamaphilisi kodwa kulezi zinsuku ungawathola ngendlela yama-gummy alunywayo. Ukuma kwama-gummy kunezinzuzo eziningi yikho-ke esekwenza kudume kakhulu.

Abesifazane abacabanga ukusebenzisa ama-gummy ukweseka ukukhulelwa bavame ukukhathazeka ngokuthi bangawathola kanjani amavithamini amahle e-prenatal alunywayo ukuze asekele ukukhulelwa kwabo noma ukuthi ayini ama-prenatal gummies angcono kakhulu. I-vitamin enhle ye-prenatal elunywayo wukuthi ekunikeza zonke izakhamzimba ezisemqoka ukweseka ukukhulelwa kuyilapho ingekho izithasiselo ezingadingekile. Uma uzibuza ukuthi 'ngingawathola kuphi amavithamini e-prenatal' ahlangabezana nezidingo zakho ezithile, kubalulekile ukuhlola imikhiqizo enokwethenjelwa nokubonisana nodokotela wakho ukuze uthole izincomo ezenzelwe wena.

Imibuzo ejwayele ukubuzwa

1. Ingabe ama-gummy e-prenatal awusizo ekukhulelweni?

Ama-gummy e-prenatal, njengamaphilisi e-prenatal, akunikeza amaminerali nezakhamzimba ezibalulekile ekukhulelweni. Lezi zakhamzimba zisekela impilo kamama futhi zivimbele izinkinga ngesikhathi sokuzalwa komntwana.

2. Iyiphi i-prenatal engcono kakhulu yokunciphisa isicanucanu?

Ama-gummy e-prenatal aqukethe iVitamin B6 ngokuvamile yizona ama-vitamin e-prenatal angcono kakhulu okwelapha isicanucanu, okuyisimpawu esivamile sokuqala sokukhulelwa.

3. Ungawuthola kanjani umkhiqizo wama-vitamin e-prenatal onconyiwe kakhulu?

Ungathola ama-vitamin e-prenatal ama-gummy aphezulu ngokuhlola ukubuyekezwa komphakathi ngomkhiqizo othile futhi ubone ukuthi lowo mkhiqizo unikeza yini imibiko yokuhlolwa yeqembu lesithathu mayelana namandla nokuphepha kwama-vitamin abo e-prenatal.

Imithombo esetshenzisiwe

1. Kiani, A. K., Dhuli, K., Donato, K., Aquilanti, B., Velluti, V., Matera, G., Iaconelli, A., Connelly, S. T., Bellinato, F., Gisondi, P., & Bertelli, M. (2022). Izinkinga ezinkulu zokushoda kokudla okunomsoco. Journal of preventive medicine and hygiene, 63(2 Suppl 3), E93–E101. https://doi.org/10.15167/2421-4248/jpmh2022.63.2S3.2752 
2. Adams, J. B., Kirby, J. K., Sorensen, J. C., Pollard, E. L., & Audhya, T. (2022). Izincomo ezisekelwe ebufakazini ngesithasiselo esingcono kakhulu sangaphambi kokubeletha sabesifazane e-US: ama-vitamin nezakhi zokudla ezihlobene. Maternal health, neonatology and perinatology, 8(1), 4. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40748-022-00139-9 
3. Lee, N. M., & Saha, S. (2011). Isicanucanu nokuhlanza ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa. Gastroenterology clinics of North America, 40(2), 309–vii. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gtc.2011.03.009 
4. Yalew, A., Silasie, W. T., Anato, A., & Fikrie, A. (2021). Ukwakhiwa kocwaningo oluyinqamuleli oluxubile olususelwe emphakathini. Reproductive Health, 18(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12978-021-01258-w 
5. Marshall, N. E., Abrams, B., Barbour, L. A., Catalano, P., Christian, P., Friedman, J. E., Hay, W. W., Jr, Hernandez, T. L., Krebs, N. F., Oken, E., Purnell, J. Q., Roberts, J. M., Soltani, H., Wallace, J., & Thornburg, K. L. (2022). Ukubaluleka kokudla okunempilo ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa nokuncelisa: imiphumela yempilo yonke. American journal of obstetrics and gynecology, 226(5), 607–632. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajog.2021.12.035 
6. Petersen, J. M., Parker, S. E., Benedum, C. M., Mitchell, A. A., Tinker, S. C., & Werler, M. M. (2019). I-folic acid eseduze nesikhathi sokukhulelwa kanye nengozi yokuba nokukhubazeka kwe-neural tube phakathi kokukhulelwa okunobungozi obuphezulu. Birth defects research, 111(19), 1501–1512. https://doi.org/10.1002/bdr2.1579 
7. Soma-Pillay, P., Catherine, P., Tolppanen, H., Mebazaa, A., Tolppanen, H., & Mebazaa, A. (2016). Ushintsho lomzimba olwenzeka ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa. Cardiovascular Journal of Africa, 27(2), 89. https://doi.org/10.5830/CVJA-2016-021 
8. Beerman, K., PhD. (2022, October 26). Abesifazane bangase badinge insimbi eyengeziwe ezigabeni ezithuthukile zokukhulelwa - American Society for Nutrition. American Society for Nutrition. https://nutrition.org/women-may-need-additional-iron-during-later-stages-of-pregnancy/ 
9. M Willemse, P. M., E Meertens, L. J., J Scheepers, H. C., J Achten, N. M., Eussen, S. J., & M Smits, L. J. (2019). Ukwamukelwa kwe-Calcium ekudleni nasekusetshenzisweni kwezithasiselo ngesikhathi sokuqala sokukhulelwa: ucwaningo i-Expect I. European Journal of Nutrition, 59(1), 167. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00394-019-01896-8 
10. Irwinda, R., Hiksas, R., Lokeswara, A. W., & Wibowo, N. (2022). Ukunikezwa okungeziwe kweVitamin D okudlula u-2000 IU/ngosuku kuqhathaniswa nomthamo ophansi emiphumeleni kamama nasembungwini: ukubuyekezwa okuhlelekile nokuhlaziywa kwe-meta. Women's Health, 18, 17455057221111066. https://doi.org/10.1177/17455057221111066 
11. Basak, S., Mallick, R., & Duttaroy, A. K. (2020). Isimo se-Docosahexaenoic Acid kumama ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa nomthelela waso ekuthuthukisweni kobuchopho nengqondo yengane. Nutrients, 12(12), 3615. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu12123615