Inani Elijwayelekile Lesidoda Lichazwe Ngokuhlaziywa Kwesidoda Nangemininingwane Yokuhlolwa Kwesidoda

Ngakho, unelukuluku mayelana nenani elijwayelekile lamasperm, akunjalo? Hhayi-ke, uma uzama ukubeletha, ukwazi ukuthi kwenzakalani ngamasperm akho kuyisiqalo esihle. Kwabesilisa, ukuzala kungaxhomeka kakhulu enanini lamasperm, ekunyakazeni (motility) nasekhwalithi yawo. Akukhona nje ngenombolo, kodwa nangokuthi laba baqhubi abancane benza umsebenzi wabo kahle kangakanani. Ukuhlaziywa okulula kwesidoda noma ukuhlolwa kwamasperm kungakutshela okuningi ngalokho okwenzekayo phansi laphaya. Ake sihlole isithombe sonke – yini ethinta inani lamasperm, ukuthi zilihlolwa kanjani, nokuthi ungakuthuthukisa kanjani.

Yini Inani Elijwayelekile Lamasperm?

Inani elijwayelekile lamasperm ngokuvamile lisukela cishe ku-40 million kuya ku-300 million amasperm kumamililitha owodwa wesidoda. Kuzwakala kukhulu, akunjalo? Kodwa nansi into: ngisho noma usesebangeni elijwayelekile lenani lamasperm, akusho ukuthi yonke into iphelele. Impilo yamasperm ingaphezulu kokuba nenombolo ephezulu nje. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, inani eliphansi lamasperm alisho ukuthi akunakwenzeka ukukhulelwa—kungahle kudinge isikhathi eside, noma ukusizwa okuthile. Ukuhlolwa kwenani lamasperm kubheka hhayi nje ukuthi unamasperm angaki kodwa nokuthi ahamba futhi abukeka kanjani [1].

Ukubaluleka Kokuhlaziywa Kwesidoda

Ukwenza ukuhlaziywa kwesidoda yindlela engcono kakhulu yokuthola ukuthi kwenzakalani ngamasperm akho. Lolu vivinyo luzohlola konke kusukela enanini lamasperm kuze kufike ekutheni ahamba ngokushesha kangakanani. Akukhona nje ngenani kuphela, kodwa nezinto ezifana nesimo nokushesha kwawo kubalulekile. Uma ukugxila (concentration) kwakho okujwayelekile kwamasperm kuphansi, lokho kungenza kuchazwe izinkinga zokungazali [2]. Ukuhlolwa kokuhlaziywa kwesidoda kuzokunika imininingwane eningiliziwe, okuhlanganisa nenani lakho elijwayelekile lamasperm (spermatozoa) nokuthi izinombolo zakho zime kanjani ngaphakathi kwebanga elijwayelekile lenani lamasperm.

Bese, uma usutholile leyo mimiphumela yokuhlaziywa kwesidoda, izokutshela ukuthi ingabe usesigabeni senani elijwayelekile lamasperm lokukhulelwa noma cha. Ungethuki kakhulu uma izinto zingemuhle ngokuphelele—imvamisa kunokuningi ongakwenza ukuthuthukisa isimo [3].

Icebo Eliphezulu: Indlela enhle yokuqala ukukhuphula impilo yamasperm? Zivocavoce, udle ukudla okunomsoco okulinganiselayo, futhi ugweme izinto ezifana nogwayi nokuphuza kakhulu utshwala.

Ukwazi Kanjani Uma Unenani Eliphansi Lamasperm?

Uma uzibuza ukuthi ungangazi kanjani ukuthi unenani eliphansi lamasperm, ukuhlolwa kwesidoda noma ukuhlolwa kokuzala kwamasperm kuyona impendulo. Ngezinye izikhathi, inani eliphansi lamasperm alibonakali kuze kube uthatha isinqumo sokuzama ukubeletha. Kodwa, uma usuzame isikhathi eside kungaphume lutho, ukuhlolwa kwamasperm noma ukuhlaziywa kwamasperm kungasiza ukuthola ukuthi kwenzakalani [4].

Lapho wenza lolu vivinyo, uzocelwa ukuthi unikeze isampula yesidoda—yebo, kuzofanele unikeze isampula. Ilebhu izoluhlaziya bese ikunika ibanga lenani lesidoda. Akukhulunywa ngenani kuphela; uzothola lonke ulwazi mayelana ne-motility, ukuma, nokugxila. Uma usutholile lelo bika lokuhlaziywa kwesidoda, kuba lula ukubona ukuthi yini engadinga ukuthuthukiswa.

Yini Ebangela Inani Eliphansi Lesidoda?

Kunezizathu eziningi zokuthi yini ebangela inani eliphansi lesidoda. Ukucindezeleka, imikhuba yokuphila (ukubhema, ukuphuza utshwala), ukudla okungelona elinempilo, nokuchayeka obuthi konke kungathinta ukukhiqizwa kwesidoda. Ukuhlaziywa kwesidoda kungasiza ukunquma imbangela [5]. Inani eliphansi lesidoda lingase futhi lixhunywe ekungalinganeni kwamahomoni noma ezinkingeni ezitholakala ezingxenyeni zokuzala. Udokotela wakho uzobheka ukugxila kwesidoda uma kuqhathaniswa nenani lesidoda ukuze abone ukuthi inkinga ikuphi.

Ithiphu Ehamba Phambili: Bewazi ukuthi ukushisa kakhulu izende zakho (cabanga ngama-hot tub, ama-sauna) kunganciphisa inani lesidoda? Lokhu kubangela abaningi bazibuze, ingabe ukushisa kubulala isidoda futhi kwehlise amandla okuzala. Ngakho-ke, kunconywa ukuthi ugcine izinto zipholile kuleyo ndawo [6]! 

Indlela Yokuchaza Imiphumela Yokuhlaziywa KweSidoda

Uma uthola imiphumela yokuhlaziywa kwesidoda sakho, kungabonakala njengamanani amaningi. Uzobona imininingwane efana nenani lesidoda eliphelele, i-motility (ukuthi ashwiba kanjani), ne-morphology (ukuthi abukeka kanjani). Lezi zinombolo zisiza ukunquma ukuthi ingabe usesigabeni esijwayelekile senani lesidoda elanele ukuze kukhulelwe. Ngezinye izikhathi, ungase udinge ukubheka ishadi lebanga le-sperm motility ukuze ubone ukuthi izidoda zakho ziyanyakaza kahle kangakanani.

Ukuqonda indlela yokuchaza ukuhlaziywa kwesidoda kungaba nzima kancane, kodwa udokotela wakho angahamba nawe kancane kancane [7]. Uma izinombolo zakho zingalungile, bazochaza ukuthi yini engasenziwa ukuze zithuthuke.

Ingabe Inani Eliphansi Lesidoda Lingakukhulelisa?

Ngakho, ingabe inani eliphansi lesidoda lingakukhulelisa? Impendulo emfushane: yebo, kodwa kungase kuthathe isikhathi eside. Futhi ungase udinge usizo oluncane lwezindlela zokwelapha ukungazali. Ngisho nangesibalo esiphansi sesidoda, usengakwazi ukukhulelwa—isisodwa nje isidoda esinempilo sanele ukuchumisa iqanda [8]. Kodwa uma izinto zinzima, amasu afana ne-IVF noma i-IUI angase anconyelwe udokotela wakho.

Ukuthuthukisa Impilo Yezidoda

Ukuthuthukisa impilo yezidoda kungenzeka ngokuphelele. Okokuqala, bheka indlela ophila ngayo. Udla kahle yini? Uyazivocavoca? Uyagwema izinto eziyingozi ezifana nogwayi noma utshwala obuningi kakhulu? Lezi zinto zibalulekile empilweni yezidoda. Amavithamini nezithasiselo eziqukethe izinto ezifana ne-Zinc ne-Selenium zingasiza futhi [9]. Ukusebenzisa izithasiselo ezisekela ukuzala eziqukethe imisoco ebalulekile kungasekela ukuthuthuka ekunyakazeni kwezidoda, ekwazini kwazo nasekuphileni kahle okuphathelene nokuzala.

Uma ukhathazekile ngenani lezidoda zakho, bhekisisa ukwenza izinqumo ezinempilo. Umzimba wakho uthatha cishe izinsuku eziyi-90 ukukhiqiza izidoda ezintsha, ngakho izinguquko ngeke zenzeke ngokushesha, kodwa ziyokwenzeka [10]. Futhi lapho udokotela wakho ebheka ukuhlaziywa kwakamuva kwesidoda noma ukuhlolwa kokuhlaziywa kwesidoda, lezi zithuthuko zizobonakala.

Okubalulekile Ekugcineni

Ekugcineni, ukuqonda isilinganiso sakho esivamile sezidoda kuyisigaba esisodwa kuphela sephazili yokuzala. Ukuhlaziywa kwesidoda kungasiza ukukhomba izinkinga nokukhombisa izixazululo. Futhi noma ngabe unenani lezidoda eliphansi, lokho akusho ukuthi awukwazi ukukhulelisa. Kungase kudinge umzamo omkhulu kancane noma izinguquko ezithile empilweni nasemikhubeni yakho. Qala ngokuyohlolwa isampula yakho yesidoda, ubuyekeze umbiko wakho wokuhlaziywa kwesidoda, bese usebenza nodokotela wakho ezindaweni okungenziwa ngazo ngcono amandla akho okubamba iqhaza ekuzaleni. Izinguquko ezincane zingaba nomthelela omkhulu.

Imibuzo ejwayele ukubuzwa

Ngiyazi kanjani ukuthi nginenani lezidoda eliphansi?

Indlela engcono kakhulu wukwenza ukuhlolwa kokuzala kwezidoda noma ukuhlolwa kokuhlaziywa kwesidoda, okuhlola amazinga akho ezidoda uma kuqhathaniswa nobubanzi obujwayelekile benani lezidoda.

Lithathwa njengelijwayelekile lini inani lezidoda ukuze kukhulelwe?

Inani elijwayelekile lezidoda ukuze kukhulelwe ngokuvamile lisukela ku-40 million kuya ku-300 million yezidoda ku-milliliter ngayinye.

Ingabe inani lesidoda eliphansi lisengaholela ekukhulelweni?

Yebo! Noma inani lesidoda liphansi, ukukhulelwa kusengenzeka, nakuba kungadinga isikhathi eside noma ukwelashwa kokungazali njengokuthi IVF [11].

Yini ebangela inani lesidoda eliphansi?

Izinto eziningi, njengengcindezi, ukudla okungelona okunempilo, ukubhema, noma ngisho nobuthi bemvelo, zingabangela inani lesidoda eliphansi.

Ngingayithuthukisa kanjani impilo yesidoda sami?

Ukuthuthukisa izinqumo zokuphila kwakho ezifana nokudla okunempilo, ukuzivocavoca njalo, nokugwema izinto eziyingozi kuzothinta kahle inani lesidoda sakho nokuzala kwakho jikelele.

Izinkomba

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2. Boitrelle F, Shah R, Saleh R, Henkel R, Kandil H, Chung E, Vogiatzi P, Zini A, Arafa M, Agarwal A. Uhlelo lwesithupha lwe-WHO Manual for Human Semen Analysis: Ukuhlaziywa Okugxekayo kanye ne-SWOT Analysis. Life (Basel). Kutholakala ku: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8706130/
3. Cooper TG, Noonan E, von Eckardstein S, Auger J, Baker HW, Behre HM, Haugen TB, Kruger T, Wang C, Mbizvo MT, Vogelsong KM. Amanani obhekiso e-World Health Organization ezicini zesidoda somuntu. Hum Reprod Update. Kutholakala ku: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19934213/
4. Meinhardt A. Andrology uhlelo lwesi-3—E. Nieschlag, H.M. Behre, S. Nieschlag (abahleli). Asian J Androl. Kutholakala ku: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3739271/
5. Sharlip ID, Jarow JP, Belker AM, Lipshultz LI, Sigman M, Thomas AJ, Schlegel PN, Howards SS, Nehra A, Damewood MD, Overstreet JW, Sadovsky R. Izinqubomgomo zokuziphatha eziyizinqubo ezinhle zokwelashwa ukungazali kwabesilisa. Fertil Steril. Kutholakala ku: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12009338/
6. Hamada AJ, Esteves SC, Agarwal A. Uhlaziyo olubanzi lwezakhi zofuzo nokuhlolwa kwezakhi zofuzo ku-azoospermia. Clinics (Sao Paulo). Kutholakala ku: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3583155/
7. Erenpreiss J, Spano M, Erenpreisa J, Bungum M, Giwercman A. Isakhiwo se-chromatin yesidoda nokuzala kwabesilisa: izici zemvelo nezokwelashwa. Asian J Androl. Kutholakala ku: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16372115/
8. Kasman AM, Li S, Zhao Q, Behr B, Eisenberg ML. Ubudlelwano phakathi kweminyaka yobudala kowesilisa, izici zesidoda nemiphumela yezindlela ezisekelwa ubuchwepheshe bokuzala. Andrology. Kutholakala ku: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32964702/
9. Ferramosca A, Zara V. Ukudla Nokuzala Kwabesilisa: Umthelela Wokudla Okunamandla Nezivikeli-oxidant Ekusebenzeni Kwamandla Esidoda. Int J Mol Sci. Kutholakala ku: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8910394/
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